Happy Thursday

Happy Thursday

Happy Thursday1. What gave the Jacksonians the edge in the 1828 election was their portrayal of Jackson as

A. an aristocratic gentleman in the mold of Washington and Jefferson. B. a military hero determined to make the United States a world power. C. an intellectual despite his limited formal education.D. an authentic man of the common people.2. When he vetoed its re-charter bill, Jackson argued that the Second Bank of the United States

Overextended financial creditWas a privileged monopoly of the richWas too lenient in its loan policiesRefused to pay off the national debtPlease take out your web quests from yesterday QUIZ TI ME!Quiz- EXPLAIN THOROUGHLY1. What changes in the US were taking place during the 19th century? How did these changes lead to the desire for social reform?

2. What role did religion and the revival movement play in supporting the desire for social reform? What impurities/sins needed to be addressed?Second Great AwakeningRejected idea of Pre-Destination from John CalvinFocus was individual's responsibility to have relationship with GodRevivalsUp to 20,000 people; meetings of worship and study; could last for daysCharles Finney- Evangelist- travelling preacherReligious Reform

African American Religionthousands of African Americans began attending church; for religious reasons & social reasonsAfrican Americans interpreted the message as one of freedom for their people

Religious Reform continued.

Philosophical literary movementFocus on simple living; centered around nature & self relianceTranscendentalist AuthorsHenry David ThoreauRalph Waldo Emerson

Transcendentalism

Experimental groups of people; attempted to create the perfect community- everyone was equal and did their share; Simple LifeCommunities:George Ripley: Brook Farm, transcendental communityNew Harmony, Indiana

Utopian Communities

Early 19th century- prisoners lived in horrible conditions and received horrible treatmentDorothea Dix- Social reformer Visited a Massachusetts prison in 1843Wrote about treatment of prisoners Reported that mentally ill were imprisoned with every day criminalsFindings led to first asylums

Mental Health and Prison Reform

1830s- Americans began to demand tax supported public schools1850s- every state had public supported elementary schoolsHorace MannLeader in the public school reformSecretary of Massachusetts Board of EducationEstablished teacher training programs and curriculum reforms in MassachusettsEducation Reform

If we do not prepare children to become good citizens, if we do not enrich their minds with knowledge, the our republic must go down to destruction, as others have gone before it.Womens MovementWidely held viewsWomen- inferior to menWomen should attend only to household and family dutiesBusiness, government, & politics should be handled by menFamily life was threatened by taking women out of the household to work

Womens Movement continuedSeneca Falls Convention, 1848Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia MottMeeting of over 300 women from all over the nation gathered to voice grievances against their place in societyDeclaration of Sentiments- declared all men and women are created equalSigned by 68 women, 32 mengrand basis for attaining the civil, social, political, and religious rights of women- Frederick Douglass

The North- slavery existed in some form until the 1840sThe South- about 4 million African Americans lived in slaveryMost enslaved people lived on Southern PlantationsCotton was the main crop grownSome enslaved people were skilled as blacksmiths, bricklayers, and carpenters

Slavery and Abolition

Slaves were provided with inadequate food, clothing, and shelterSlaves seldom received medical care; sickness rarely stopped their workSlaves had no legal rights because they were viewed as property

Slavery and Abolition continued

Punishments for slaves included beating, whipping, starving, and threats, to ensure obedienceMyth of the Happy SlaveSoutherners use gag rule to counter petitions in Congress to discuss slaveryChildren were separated from parents, brothers from their sisters, and husbands from wives

Slavery and Abolition continued

Slave RevoltsNat Turners RebellionNat Turner led a slave revolt in 1830became the deadliest slave revolt in US historyGathered 80 followers and killed 60 whites before his capture In response, white owners killed over 200 slaves to discourage any future rebellions New laws limited the movements & meetings of slaves (Black Codes)

Slavery and Abolition continued

Slavery and Abolition continuedAbolition movement- a campaign to abolish, or end slaveryAbolitionists- people who called for the outlaw of slavery

William Lloyd GarrisonRadical white abolitionisteditor of The Liberator

Sarah and Angelina Grimkefought against slavery and advocated for womens rights

Slavery and Abolition continued

Frederick Douglasformer slave & famous abolitionist speakerstarted anti-slavery newspaper called The North StarHarriet Beecher StoweAuthor of Uncle Toms Cabin

Slavery and Abolition continued

VIDEOhttp://www.learner.org/courses/amerhistory/units/8/video/

3- Things you learned2- Idea you agree with1- Question you still have