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a usersguide to

the fall

kill creek


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Copyright 2012 Hudson River Sloop

Clearwater, Inc., Janette Kim, Alice Feng, and

Matthew Slaats. All rights reserved. No part o

this book may be reproduced in any manner

without written permission rom the authors.

This guide was created as a part o the Fall

Kill Plan, a master plan or transorming

the Fall Kill Creek into a vibrant community

resource. For more inormation see http://

allkill.org.

onz:

The Fall Kill Plan was initiated and organizedby the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater, Inc.

and the Fall Kill Watershed Committee.

Coordinator: Ryan Palmer, Green Cities

Department at Clearwater.

Committee Members: Andrew Sawtelle

(Hudson River Housing), Bob Mallory (City

o Poughkeepsie Common Council, 3rd

Ward), Ed Glisson (Mid Hudson Childrens

Museum), Elizabeth Celaya (Hudson River

Housing), Harvey Flad (Vassar College), Je

Anzevino (Scenic Hudson), Joe Chenier (City

o Poughkeepsie Engineering Department),

Nancy Cozean (Upper Landing Committee),

Roy Budnik (Mid Hudson Heritage Center),

John Mylod (City Resident, Fisherman).

spn:

The Fall Kill Plan is supported by a New York

State Hudson River Estuary Program grant:

Assessing Watershed Restoration Opportuni-

ties in the Fall Kill Watershed.

dn tm:

This guide was conceived o and created

by the design team or the Fall Kill Plan:

Janette Kim, team coordinator

Urban Landscape Lab, Columbia University

www.urbanlandscapelab.org

Matthew Slaats, Poughkeepsie-based

community outreach leader

PAUSE

www.matthewslaats.com

Alice Feng, landscape designerLandmine Studio

www.aliceeng.net

Eric Rothstein, habitat and hydrology

specialist

eDesign Dynamics

www.edesigndynamics.com

Research and design fellows: Eliza

Montgomery, Marianne Koch, Caroline Ellis,

John Buonocore, Sydney Talcott, and Meg

Kelly.

tb cnn02 Introduction to the Fall Kill Creek

08 How to Use this Guide

20 The Fall Kill Plan

22 Design Catalog

Parks

Public Inrastructure

Institutions

Industrial Businesses

Commercial BusinessesResidents

49 Bibliography


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Bike and walking

paths or recreation

and commuting

Ampitheater +

Perormances + Film

Screenings

Pocket parks

+ Playgrounds

+ Ater-school

programs

Playing Fields

Today, the creek is oten neglected and used as a dumping ground. It is a liability or land-owners, and

is oten enced o. Despite these challenges, many people still explore its persistent beauty. Some sh

or walk along the waterront. Organizations host trash cleanup events and engage students in citizen

science programs exploring the creeks ecosystems.

Improved public access to the creek can support a multitude o uses, and build on existing urban activities

to enliven neighborhoods. The creek can provide event space and attract new audiences or local

institutions. Similar waterront projects have also proven to boost real estate values and attract tenants to

adjacent neighborhoods.

hoW d0 You WaNt to use the creek?

Business District

picnic areas and

gathering spaces

Backyard and

Community

Gardens

Outdoor

classroom +

citizen science

programs

Fishing, bird-watching,

+ nature-trail activi-

ties

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A primary objective o this guide is to oster a deeper relationship with the creek among the people o

Poughkeepsie. We want residents to see and admire the creeks potential, and believe that resident

participation is vital to the successul revitalization o the creek and its neighboring communities. Water

quality and habitat can improve i citizens take ownership o the Fall Kill, enjoy the creek through walking

and playing, and integrate it as part o our everyday experience.

The Fall Kill Creek is eatured on the New York State Priority Waterbodies List as a Class C stream,

meaning it is sae or shing but not or swimming. Signicant problems in the creek include high

ecal coliorm counts, high contaminant and nutrient levels (nitrate, phosphate, sulate, heavy metals,

hydrocarbons), high temperatures due to a sparse tree canopy, and decient oxygen levels. The creek is

also littered with sizable debris, rom shopping carts to discarded bicycles. Poor water quality adversely

impacts wildlie habitat and decreases recreational use o the waterway.

At a large scale, improvements to water quality and habitat demand the development o a Municipal

Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) that can separate stormwater rom the citys sewage system; the

identication and mitigation o point sources o sewage spills and leaks upstream; and the creation

and preservation o habitats around the creek. At medium and small scales, community groups and

residents can adopt green inrastructure practices to treat stormwater and create habitat. The DEC denes

green inrastructure as the network o naturally occuring and engineered systems in the environment,

generally vegetated, that provide ecosystem services. Green inrastructure practices manage stormwater

runo while maintaining or restoring natural hydrology. Green Inrastructure practices can recharge

groundwater, lter pollutants through soil and vegetation, and control fooding and stream bank erosion. At

the same time, the restoration and cultivation o new habitats such as wooded or wetland riparian buers

at the edge o the creek can support endangered, rare, and well-populated species.

Combined

Sewage

Overfow

Rainwater

Drinking

Water

Recommended Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) + Green Inrastructure Potential Fall Kill habitat

Existing Combined-Sewer Overfow (CSO) inrastructure

hoW caN You iMProVe Water qualitY aNd haBitat?

Municipal SeparateStorm Sewer System

(MS4)

Rainwater

Restored

Riparian

Buer

Ground

Water

Recharge

Drinking

Water

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V n: Vegetation grown directly onretaining walls or building acades adjacent to thecreek.New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

rp p:A layer o stone designed to protect andstabilize areas subject to erosion.http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/sec5bperm11.pdf

W p: The reinorcement o an existingcreek wall with stone.

c yn: The removal o culverts torestore natural habitats, better attenuate runo byincreasing the storage size, promoting inltration,and help reduce pollutant loads.New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

rpn b n:A healthyvegetated buer that can lter and slow pollutedruno.http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.htm

B-n n n:The use o live, woody, and herbaceous plants tostabilize or protect creek banks.Site Engineering for Landscape Architects

gn in p n b p k c w:

gn : Layers o soil and vegetationinstalled on rootops that capture runo, andencourage the evaporation and evapotranspirationo stormwater.http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.html

P pv: Permeable pavement suracewith a stone reservoir underneath designed to allowstormwater to inltrate through the surace.

rn n: Planted areas o wetlandvegetation allow stormwater runo to be absorbedinto the ground.

rn b:A container that captures andstores stormwater runo to be reused on site.New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

s nw: A system o connectedstreet trees designed to reduce stormwaterruno, increase nutrient uptake, and providebank stabilization.New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

Bw: Natural drainage paths or vegetatedchannels used to transport water instead ounderground storm sewers or concrete openchannels.http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.html

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It is also vital to understand that while erosion is most apparent at the creek side, areas adjacent to the

creek greatly impact the Fall Kill. Collection o rainwater and use o permeable suraces in neighborhoods

away rom the creek would minimize eects downstream.

hoW caN You MaNage erosioN?

The Fall Kill was channelized through a series o stone walls in the New Deal Era. The embankments were

designed to direct water away rom the watershed as quickly as possible, but have destroyed the creeks

riparian habitat. Walls currently line approximately 2.5 miles o the creeks length. Many areas are

buckling and bending into the creek, and the oundations o many walls have been eroded away.

Where they are necessary to protect existing structures along the creek, walls can be repaired by

reinorcing the oundation, patching the masonry wall, or by building vertical planted suraces.

Riparian Edge

Existing Channelized Wall

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Nw : Where they are necessary to

protect existing structures along the creek, walls

can be repaired by reinorcing the oundation,

patching the masonry wall, or by building vertical

planted suraces.

W : The Fall Kill Management Plan o

2006 recommends that ailing stretches o the

wall be allowed to crumble wherever possible.

s n jn : Erosion

is not a direct concern here, but sites within

the watershed can adopt Green Inrastructure

practices to impact water quality.

B : The creek should be

daylighted, or uncovered, wherever possible.

(see Green Inrastructure practices above).

What kiNd o site do You haVe?

Listed here are erosion control strategies or conditions commonly seen along the creek.

Anywhere inside the creek watershed Culvert High embankment with stone wall With wall embankment

Sot riparian edge

Other sot edge

Bridge Crossing Bi-level embankment with stone wall

1918


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PUBLICSAFE

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CHILDRENS

MUSEUM

TRAIN

STATION

PARKING

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DONGAN

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CATHARINEST

COMMUNITYCENTER

FAMILY

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5

t k PnThis guide is part o a larger initiative called the Fall Kill Plan, a master plan or the

creek aimed at transorming the waterway into a vibrant community resource. The

plan encourages city ocials, organizations, businesses and homeowners in the City

o Poughkeepsie to work together to activate and revitalize the creek. The purpose o

the Plan is to create active public spaces along the creek, support city residents and

institutions, improve creek water quality, and restore habitat or plants and animals.

The Plan consists o a research report, a phased master plan, pilot site designs or

pocket parks, and a guide or Poughkeepsie citizens.

To see the Fall Kill Plan and comment on it: http://allkill.org.

The Plan ocuses on two main strategies:

Pocket Parks, or parks integrated into the street lie o each neighborhood. The

locations highlighted here can be designated as uture pocket parks sites. Sites have

been chosen or their potential to act as new neighborhood centers. Here, the creek

connects to spaces o public signicance, corridors or bikes and pedestrians, and

institutions that provide public or retail services to Poughkeepsies communities. High

priority sites noted here include areas already accessible the public or under public

ownership that can easibly be developed as pocket parks.

Corridors,or continuous walkways accessible to the public. Zones marked here could

be created along city-owned land, and by orming public rights-o-way easements with

individual land owners. While this Plan seeks the eventual creation o a continuous

walkway rom the Hudson River to Val-Kill, these zones have been selected as high

priority areas. They have been identied based on their ability to activate new

neighborhood centers, and connect areas o public signicance. They include sites

designated in the citys land use plan as public, service, commercial and industrial

uses.

2120

WALKWAYCORRIDORS

WALKWAYCORRIDORS

=POCKETPARKS

FALLKILLCREEK

FALLKILLWATERSHED


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eXistiNg coNditioN:bilevel edge with wall

Parks

gardeN Path

greeN iNrastructure:wall patch

dn c

Design suggestions are shown here according to common land use types, but they can

be adapted or a broad range o activities. including:

Parks

Public inrastructure

Institutions

Businesses

Residents

23

urBaN iMPact:neighborhood park

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eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a culvert

Parks

PlaYiNg ield

greeN iNrastructure:creek daylightingeXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with wall

Parks

BaskiNg Beach

greeN iNrastructure:bio-technical erosion control

25

urBaN iMPact:linear greenway

24

urBaN iMPact:neighborhood park


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eXistiNg coNditioN:Bridge crossing

PuBlic iNrastructure

Block PartY

eXistiNg coNditioN:Bridge crossing


theater + eVeNt sPace

27

urBaN iMPact:bridge crossings

26

urBaN iMPact:bridge crossings


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eXistiNg coNditioN:narrow site with a wall

iNstitutioNs

coMMuNitY gardeN

greeN iNrastructure:bioswaleeXistiNg coNditioN:street and bridge


BusiNess district streetscaPe

greeN iNrastructure:street tree network

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urBaN iMPact:networked stormwater

28

urBaN iMPact:street tree corridor


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eXistiNg coNditioN:narrow site with a sot slope

iNstitutioNs

tidal Pool + outdoor classrooM

greeN iNrastructure:riparian buer restorationeXistiNg coNditioN:narrow site with a wall

iNstitutioNs

ParkiNg lot + eVeNt sPace

greeN iNrastructure:permeable pavers

3130

urBaN iMPact:distributed improvement


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eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a sot slope

BusiNesses

WetlaNd Nature trail

greeN iNrastructure:riparian buer restorationeXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

iNstitutioNs

greeNhouse + WiNter gardeN

greeN iNrastructure:rain barrels

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eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

BusiNesses

tiMe share Market


eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a sot slope

BusiNesses

iNdustrial historY tour

greeN iNrastructure:bioswale

35

urBaN iMPact:timeshare event space

34



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eXistiNg coNditioN:bilevel edge with a wall

BusiNesses

Beer gardeN

greeN iNrastructure:vertical gardeneXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

BusiNesses

art iNstallatioN eVeNt

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36



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eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

BusiNesses

greeNWaY + to go WiNdoW

greeN iNrastructure:riparian buer restorationeXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

BusiNesses

sideWalk sale


39

urBaN iMPact:commuter pathway

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eXistiNg coNditioN:narrow with with a wall

resideNts

PlaYgrouNd + ParkiNg lot tiMeshare

greeN iNrastructure:permeable paverseXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a wall

BusiNesses

PicNic area

greeN iNrastructure:rip rap

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urBaN iMPact:business district


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resideNts

daY care deck

eXistiNg coNditioN:narrow with with a wall greeN iNrastructure:rain garden

resideNts

No MoW laWN + Bird haBitat + cat ruN

eXistiNg coNditioN:

wide site with a sot slope

greeN iNrastructure:

riparian buer restoration

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urBaN iMPact:

distributed improvement


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resideNts

deck

eXistiNg coNditioN:wide site with a sot slope greeN iNrastructure:bio-technical erosion control

resideNts

shared BackYard + hot tuB

eXistiNg coNditioN:narrow with with a wall

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urBaN iMPact:communal backyard


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ab a:Project Coordinator:

Hudson River Sloop Clearwater

Ryan Palmer, Green Cities Project Coordinator and Fall Kill Watershed Coordinator

724 Wolcott Ave, Beacon, NY 12508

(845) 265 - 8080 x 7114

Ryan Palmer is a Hudson Valley native who rst joined the Clearwater team in 2004

as an Environmental Associate, where he spent 3 years developing early watershed

protection initiatives: serving as the original coordinator o the Hudson River Watershed

Alliance and the Fall Kill Watershed Committee. He holds BS in Environmental Science

and Wildlie Biology rom the University o Rhode Island and has training in Land Use

Law, Stream Monitoring, Biodiversity Assessment, Watershed Management, and EnergyEciency Auditing. Ryan returned to the Clearwater team in 2011 as the rst Green

Cities Project Coordinator, leading their watershed protection, green inrastructure, and

environmental justice projects in Poughkeepsie, and providing strategic planning and

capacity building support or their regional Green Cities, Clear Waters Initiative.

For over 40 years, Hudson River Sloop Clearwater has been at the oreront o the

environmental movement as champion o the Hudson River, working to pass land-

mark legislation like the Clean Water Act, providing innovative educational programs,

environmental advocacy, and musical celebrations, including the renowned annual

Clearwater Festival, to inspire, educate, and activate millions o people. Founded by

music legend and environmental activist Pete Seeger, the organization began with the

launch o the sloop Clearwater in 1969 a majestic replica o the sloops that sailed

the Hudson in the 18th and 19th centuries. Listed on the National Register o His-

toric Places, the 106-oot-long sloop is among the rst vessels in the U.S. to conduct

science-based environmental education aboard a sailing ship, creating the template or

environmental education programs around the world. More than hal a million young

people and hundreds o thousands o adults have experienced their rst real look at an

estuarys ecosystem aboard Clearwater. The organizations strong connection to youth,

environmental education, and its agenda to create the next generation o environ-

mental leaders, are all part o building and strengthening a Green Cities Initiative or a

green economy and a more inclusive and diverse environmental movement. Utilizing

the greatest natural resource in the region, the Hudson River, Clearwater has become

the grassroots model or producing positive changes to protect our planet.

Design Team Coordinator:

Urban Landscape Lab, Columbia University Graduate School o Architecture, Planning

and Preservation

Janette Kim, Director

www.urbanlandscapelab.org

Janette Kim teaches at the Columbia University Graduate School o Architecture, Plan-

ning and Preservation. She is d irector o the Urban Landscape Lab, an inter-disciplinary

applied research group at GSAPP. Janettes work ocuses on design and ecology in

relationship to public representation, interest, and debate. The lab and Kims design

practice, All o the Above, have worked with the Metropolitan Transit Authority in New

York and the City o Newark, as well as non-prot advocacy groups. Janette has been

awarded by the Van Alen Institute New York Prize Fellowship. And as partner o Town/

Kim studio, she won an international design competition to design the AIDS Memo-

rial in San Francisco. Janettes work has been eatured on NPRs Brian Lehrer Show,

Artorum, Architect, and other journals including Volume, which recently published her

article Biosphere 2s Contested Ecologies. Janettes work has been exhibited on the

New York City subway system and galleries including Artists Space, Eyebeam, and the

Storeront or Art and Architecture. Janette holds a Masters o Architecture rom Princ-

eton University and a Bachelor o Arts r om Columbia University.

Community Outreach Leader:

PAUSE

Matthew Slaats ,ounder

www.matthewslaats.com

A native o Wisconsin, Matthew completed his MFA and MA rom the University o

Wisconsin-Madison in 2005 and his BA in Archaeology rom the University o Evansville

in 1999. His artistic career has a vast array o interests ocusing around community

engagement, perormance, installation, video, and sound. This has led him to pursue

various media based projects that explore the relationship between people and place.

In 2009 he completed a community image archiving project in Hyde Park, NY and a

mobile gaming project in Poughkeepsie, NY. In 2010 he started working with Middle

Main Revitalization to support the development o cultural assets in Poughkeepsie. This

has lead him to start PAUSE, a non prot that partners artists, local organizations and

residents to collaborate on rebuilding decaying communities

Landscape Designer:

LandMINE

Alice Feng, principal

www.aliceeng.net

Alice is a landscape designer with a proessional ocus on ecologically engaged proj-

ects in the public realm that deal with issues relating to environmental stewardship,

economic regeneration, and public/private interests. She is currently working with a

multidisciplinary team at AECOM on New York Citys East Midtown Waterront Espla-

nade which seeks to transorm the waters edge between 37th street and 61st street

along the East River into an attractive recreational thoroughare, involves numerous

inrastructural and cultural complexities, and includes a major ocus on urban aquatic

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habitat restoration. Also at AECOM, she has been project designer on the World Trade

Center Memorial District, which includes streetscape design, campus security planning,

an elevated park and transportation hub p laza designs. Alice previously worked at Bal-

mori Associates where she was project lead on numerous international competitions,

helping the rm win 1st Prize or Darat King Abdullah II House o Culture & Art in

Amman, with work commissioned by Zaha Hadid Architects. Also at Balmori Associates,

she was project designer or several public and private green inrastructure projects

including Duke Universitys Central Campus Masterplan which was designed to attain

Silver LEED rating, storm water management or the Headquarters or the Botanical Re-

search Institute o Texas, and repurposing o old in rastructure in the Farmington Canal

Greenway. Alice has also worked at Scape Studio where she collaborated in a multi-

disciplinary team on a design proposal that incorporated bio-ecological processes to

manage projected rising sea levels, which was exhibited at the Museum o Modern Art

in New York and P.S.1 in Brooklyn (Rising Currents: Projects or New Yorks Waterront,

Oyster-tecture). Alice Feng holds a Master o Landscape Architecture rom HarvardUniversity and a Bachelor o Fine Arts rom Parsons School o Design.

Habitat and Hydrology Engineer:

eDesign Dynamics

Eric Rothstein, Managing Partner and Engineer

www.edesigndynamics.com

Eric Rothstein is a hydrologist with teen years o experience working on a variety o

sustainability projects. Mr. Rothsteins career has ocused on ecosystem restoration

and water resources planning within urban centers. He currently leads the team inves-

tigating the sustainable water resource planning or the proposed 60-acre development

at Willets Point, Queens, New York. His international work includes water resource and

ecosystem planning in Sao Paulo, Brazil, rural Rwanda, and the Aegean coast o Turkey.

Mr. Rothstein previously worked as a project manager or New York City or over seven

years. In that capacity, he managed ecological restorations including salt marshes,

resh water wetlands, grasslands, and orests and developed naturalized stormwater

management structures. Examples o Mr. Rothsteins built work can be ound in all ve

boroughs o New York City and beyond. He has also worked or a national ecologi-

cal restoration rm where he worked on master planning o ecological, stormwater

management and soil components or large scale developments. Mr. Rothstein has

lectured on wetland restoration and stormwater management issues at the graduate

level at Harvard, Columbia, and The University o Pennsylvania. He teaches continuing

education courses to proessionals through the State University o New York College

o Environmental Science and Forestry. Mr. Rothstein holds an M.S. in Soil and Water

Engineering /Hydrology rom Cornell University and a B.S. rom the University o Wis-

consin, Madison.

Research and Design Fellows:

Eliza Montgomery, Marianne Koch, Caroline Ellise, John Buonocore, Sydney Talcott, and

Meg Kelly.

BbpyFall Kill Plan

http://fallkill.org

Fall Kill Environment and Ecology

A Watershed Management Plan for the Fall Kill, Dutchess County, New York, pre -

pared by the Fall Kill Watershed Committee, October 2006. http://www.hudsonwater-

shed.org/plans09/Fall Kill.pd

Dutchess Watersheds Fall Kill Creek general information: http://www.dutchesswater-

sheds.org/Fall Kill-creek-inormation

A Rapid Trash Assessment of the Fall Kill, Conducted, by Jennifer Rubbo, et. al.

(http://dutchesswatersheds.org/images/dwp/Fall Kill/all_kill_trash_report-nal.pd)

Fall Kill Creek Biological Assessment.by Bode, R.W., Noval, M.A., and Abele, L.E., NYS Department o Environmental Conserva-

tion, Division o Water, Stream Biomonitoring Unit , Albany, NY. 1998.

Hudsonia.org

Center for Watershed Protection: http://www.cwp.org/

Fall Kill Documentation Resources

City of Poughkeepsie documentation: http://www.cityofpoughkeepsie.com/downloads

Federal Emergency Management Area: Flood Insurance Rate Map 1984: http://gis1.

msc.ema.gov/Website/newstore/Viewer.htm

Green Inrastructure Resources

Hudson Valley Regional Council Green Infrastructure Planning: http://sites.google.

com/site/greeninrastructureplanning/

New York State Association of Regional Councils (NYSARC) Water Resource Program:

http://www.cnyrpdb.org/nysarcwater/

Site Engineering for Landscape Architects, by Steven Strom, Kurt Nathan, Jake

Woland, 2009.

New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual: http://www.dec.ny.gov/

chemical/29072.html

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation: Green Infrastructure

Examples or Stormwater Management in the Hudson Valley: http://www.dec.ny.gov/

lands/58930.html

Fall Kill history

Main Street to Mainframes: Landscape and Social Change in Poughkeepsie (Suny

Series, an American Region: Studies in the Hudson Valley)

Harvey K. Flad (Author), Clyde Grien (Author

Poughkeepsie: Halfway up the Hudson, by Joyce C. Ghee, Joan Spence

Poughkeepsie, 1898-1998 (Images of America: New York), by Joyce C. Ghee, Joan

Spence

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