Haiti © Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Haiti• Official Name: Republic of Haiti• Local Name: République d’Haïti• Location: the western third of the island of
Hispaniola in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea
• Area: 27,750km2 / 10,712m2 • Population: 10 million (pre-2009 estimate)• Time Zone: GMT -5
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Haiti• Capital: Port-au-Prince• Chief Towns: Port-de-Paix, Cap-Haïtien,
Gonaïves, Les Cayes, Jacmel, Jérémie• Currency: 1 Gourde (G, Gde) = 100
centimes• Languages: French, Creole• Religions: Catholic 80%, Protestant 15%• Ethnic Groups: Black 95%, Mulatto and
White 5%
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Haiti
• Tropical maritime• Average monthly temperatures 240 – 290
• Wet Season: May – September• Hurricanes are common
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Climate
Haiti
• President elected by popular vote for a five-year term
• Prime Minister appointed by the President• Cabinet chosen by the Prime Minister in
consultation with the President
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Government
Haiti
• Mostly based on agriculture• Large plantations grow coffee, sugar, sisal,
rice, bananas, corn, sorghum, cocoa, mangoes
• Other industries include flour milling, cement, light assembly industries, lobster fishing, tourism
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Economy
Haiti• Hispaniola discovered by Christopher
Columbus in 1492• Haiti created when France took over western
third of the island in 1697• 1791-1804 Haitian Revolution, the only
successful slave revolution in the New World• 1804 Haitian Independence declared• Haiti had an Emperor until 1859,when it
became a republic
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
History
Haiti• 1822-1844 Haiti was united with Santo
Domingo (Dominican Republic)• 1915-1934 Haiti under US occupation• 1957 – 1986 Haiti under absolute power of
Duvalier family• 1990 Jean-Bertrand Aristide elected
President but soon had to flee into exile• 1994 Jean-Bertrand Aristide returned as
President
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
History
Haiti• 1996 René Préval elected President• 2004 Haiti Rebellion• 2006 René Préval again elected President
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
History
Haiti• Even before the 2010 earthquake, Haiti was
recognised as the poorest country in the Americas
• People survive, on average, on $2 per day• About 80% of the population live in poverty• 50% of the population are illiterate• Many people live in slums• Many children are forced into slavery,
working as unpaid servants
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Poverty
Haiti• Corruption has been widespread• Drug trafficking is a major industry• Haiti survives on Foreign Aid
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Poverty
Haiti• January 12th 2010 an earthquake
measuring 7.0 on the Richter Scale strikes Haiti and devastates the capital Port-au-Prince as well as other towns
• 33 aftershocks recorded• More than 100,000 people believed to have
been killed• 3 million people affected by the earthquake
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
Earthquake
Haiti• Concern (www.concern.ie)• Goal (www.goal.ie)• UNICEF (www.unicef.ie)• Trócaire (www.trocaire.org)• Irish Red Cross (www.redcross.ie)• Medecins Sans Frontiers (www.msf.ie)• Haven (www.havenpartnership.com)• CBM (www.cbm.ie)• Christian Aid (www.christianaid.ie)• Oxfam (www.oxfamireland.org)
© Seomra Ranga 2010 www.seomraranga.com
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