TGN-ATLANTIC AJC APOLLO BRCS FLAG FLAG CHINA-US CHINA-US J-US J-US SMW4 TIC TGN-PACIFIC TGN-PACIFIC TVH SOUTHERN CROSS PAC TPE TPC-5 TAT-14 TGN-ATLANTIC SAT-3/WASC SAFE PC1 PC1 MN HIBERNIA ATLANTIC HIBERNIA ATLANTIC YELLOW YELLOW FALCON MAC MAC MAC SAC MAYA-1 AAG AAG AAG ARCOS-1 MATRIX SMW3 SMW3 SMW3 ERMC ERMC COLUMBUS-III C2C ATLANTIS-II ATLANTIS-II ATLANTICA-1 ATLANTICA-1 TIS TAT-12/13 TAT-12/13 i2i i2i TEA APOLLO APOLLO TAT-14 TAT-14 TGN-ATLANTIC HIBERNIA ATLANTIC HIBERNIA ATLANTIC COLUMBUS-III TAT-12/13 TAT-12/13 FLAG APOLLO TAT-14 LEV FLAG TGN-ATLANTIC RNAL SMW3 FOG SMW3 APCN2 EAC APCN MIC-1 APCN2 IACS SMW4 AMERICAS-II EAC FLAG T G N - W E S T E U R O P E London Kuala Lumpur Singapore Shanghai San Francisco Los Angeles Denver Dallas Herndon Miami Hong Kong Macau Seoul Moscow Prague Beijing Tokyo Chicago Guangzhou Sydney Frankfurt Paris New York Athens Shenzhen Buenos Aires Dubai Accra Dakar Houston Rabat Vancouver Montreal YAMAL-202 (49E) INTELSAT IS-904 (60E) INTELSAT IS-906 (64E) INTELSAT IS-902 (62E) INTELSAT IS-7, IS-10 (68,5E) INTELSAT IS-4 (72E) ABS-1 (75E) TELSTAR-10 (76.5E) CHINASTAR-1 (87.5E) NSS-6 (95E) ASIASAT-2 (100,5E) ASIASAT-4 (122.2E) JCSAT-3A (128E) APSTAR-V (138E) TELSTAR-18 (138E) JCSAT-2A (154E) INTELSAT IS-704 (66E) APSTAR-VI (134E) JCSAT-5A (132E) INTELSAT IS-701 (180E) INTELSAT IS-801 (328.5E) NSS-10 (322.5E) North Atlantic Ocean Russian Federation United States of America Greenland Iceland China Alaska Canada Brazil Australia Kazakhstan India Nepal Bhutan Bangladesh Argentina Saudi Arabia Sudan Eritrea Djibouti Indonesia Mongolia Mexico Libya Iran UAE Oman Democratic Republic of Congo Congo Republic Equitorial Guinea Algeria Tunisia South Africa Peru Chile Ecuador Afghanistan Pakistan Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Niger Mauritania Mali Ethiopia Egypt Colombia Panama Costa Rica El Salvador Honduras Guatemala Belize Nicaragua Jamaica Grand Cayman Cuba Haiti Dominican Republic Puerto Rico Chad Bolivia Paraguay Uruguay Angola Venezuela Guyana Suriname French Guiana Tanzania Ukraine Turkey Armenia Georgia Azerbaijan Sweden Spain Canary Islands Norway Nigeria Togo Benin Ghana Guinea Gambia Senegal Guinea Bissau Sierra Leone Liberia Namibia Myanmar France Finland Zambia United Kingdom Thailand Somalia Poland Papua New Guinea Morocco Kenya Uganda Rwanda Burundi Japan Iraq Jordan Lebanon Germany Central African Republic Cameroon Botswana Yemen Vietnam Syria Romania Moldova Philippines New Zealand Malaysia Brunei Italy Gabon Zimbabwe Malawi Swaziland Lesotho Mozambique Madagascar Cote d'Ivoire Burkina Faso Belarus Western Sahara Korea Portugal Ireland Hungary Croatia Bosnia Serbia Albania Montenegro Macedonia Slovenia Greece Czech Republic Cambodia Laos Bulgaria Austria Taiwan Switzerland Sri Lanka Slovakia Netherlands Denmark Sea of Japan Bay of Bengal Coral Sea Canarias Sea Black Sea Gulf of Mexico Caribbean Sea Burma Sea Lakshadweep Sea Banda Sea Maluku Sea Aru Sea Natuna Sea Jawa Sea Tasman Sea Laptev Sea Kara Sea Irish Sea Norwegian Sea Iceland Sea Adriatic Sea Mediterranean Sea Red Sea Arabian Sea Caspian Sea North Greenland Sea Greenland Sea Labrador Sea Chukchi Sea Baltic Sea North Sea Barents Sea Beaufort Sea South China Sea Sea of Okhotsk Bering Sea Philippine Sea Fiji North Pacific Ocean Arctic Ocean Arctic Ocean South Pacific Ocean South Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean +180 +150 +120 +90 +60 +30 0 +30 +60 +90 +120 +150 0 30 -30 60 0 30 60 -30 +180 +150 +120 +90 +60 +30 0 +30 +60 +90 +120 +150 Nanhui / Chongming Qingdao Tansui Toucheng Fangshan Shantou Pali Shima Toyohashi Maruyama Kitaibaraki Ajigaura Miura Miyazaki Okinawa Batangas Capepisa Manila Phetchaburi Pyapon Hanoi Cox's Bazar Danang Ho Chi Minh Vung Tau Sri Racha Bangkok Mersing / Kuantan Changi / Katong Tuas Tanjung Batam Penang Satun Songkhla Jakarta Medan Melaka Tungku Port Hedland Perth Oxford Falls Brookvale Whenuapai Suva Takapuna Paddington Alexandria Guam Piti Tanguisson Tumon Bay Keoje Pusan Fangshan Taean Poti Boston Bellport/Shirley Boca Raton Manasquan Tuckerton Greenhill Wall Township Reston Brean Bude Cardiff Landsend Porthcurno Pottington Highbridge Southport Penmarch Goonhilly Oostende Katwijk St. Valery Norden Blaabjerg Blaavand Lannion Marseilles Madrid Alexandria Palermo Mazara Annaba Melkbosstrand Mtunzini Mauritius Maputo Reunion Cacuaco Libreville Douala Lagos Cotonou Abidjan Chania Marmaris Yeroskipos Estepona Tetouan Sesimbra Lisbon Bilbao Rome Dijon Port Said Jeddah Djibouti Fujairah Muscat Kuwait Al Khobar Sumaisma Qatar Manama Karachi Cochin Chennai Mt Lavinia Colombo Suez Aqaba Bandon Hillsboro/Nedonna Beach Manchester Hawaii Spencer Beach Makaha/Keawaula/ Kahe Pt. San Luis Obispo / Morro Bay Bizerte San Jose Milan Conil Chipiona Alta Vista El Medano Catania Port Sudan Al Hudaydah Al Ghaydah Al Seeb Khasab Male Trivandrum Grover Beach Harbour Pointe/Snohomish Country Fortaleza Cayenne Port of Spain Le Lamentin St. Croix Punta Cana Puerto Plata Providenciales Bahamas Crooked Island Cat Island Nassau San Juan Hollywood Camuri Punto Fijo Punta Gorda Willemstad Cape Verde Cancun Tulum Belize City Mexico City Guadalajara Mazatlan Monterrey McAllen Laredo Sacramento Kansas City Tampa Minneapolis Detroit San Antonio Tujuana Puerto Barios Puerto Cortes Trujullo Puerto Lempira Half-Moon Bay Puerto Cabezas Bluefields Purto Limon Colon Panama City Maria Chiquita Ustupo Fort Amador Cartagena Caracas Puerto Viejo Riohacha Tolu Ponta Delgada Halifax St. David Quebec Albany Stanford Ballesteros La Union Dublin Ulan Bator Borhojn-Tal Irkulsk Zabaykalsk Nakhoda Naoetsu Khabarovsh Blagoveschensk Chita Ulan-Ude Irkutsk Krasnoyarsk Abakan Barnaul Novosibirsk Omsk Tyumen Cheliabinsk Kurgan Ekaterinburg Perm Samara Kazan N.Novgored Vladimir Tver Bonn Voronezh Volgograd Elista Makhachkala Sochi Novorossiysk Odessa Bucharest Sofia Belgrade Belgorod Kursk Orel Bryansk Smolensk Ryazan Tula Kaluga Penza Novgorod Kaliningrad Latvia Lithuania Estonia Helsinki Oslo Kotka Petrozavodsk St.Petersburg Pskov Varna Kosovo Istanbul Nalchik Stayropol Krasnodar Rostov-on-Don Astrakhan Vladivostok Wada Chikura Ninomiya Emi Mumbai Hamburg Taipei Bahrain Stockholm Brussels Amsterdam Zurich Seattle Philadelphia Baltimore Vienna Ashburn Atlanta Rio de Janerio Santos Sao Paulo Las Toninas Valparaiso Santiago Lurin Lima Washington D.C. Brookhaven/Mastic Beach Global presence MPLS POP Headquarter Satellite Voice POP IEPL POP Regional center IPLC POP Teleport Current PCCW Global MPLS VPN coverage IP POP Legend Major cable systems AAG AJC APCN APOLLO AMERICAS-II APCN2 ARCOS-1 TIC TIS TPE TPC-5 YELLOW TVH ATLANTICA-1 ATLANTIS-II ERMC C2C BRCS CHINA-US COLUMBUS-III EAC FALCON FLAG FOG SMW4 TGN-WEST EUROPE TGN-ATLANTIC TGN-PACIFIC TEA TAT-14 SOUTHERN CROSS TAT-12/13 PC1 SMW3 SAT-3/WASC SAFE SAC RNAL PARTNER NETWORK PAC LEV HIBERNIA ATLANTIC i2i IACS MAC MATRIX J-US MIC-1 MAYA-1 MN PCCW Global infrastructure map Contact us www.pccwglobal.com Asia Pacific Hong Kong Tel: +852 2888 6688 [email protected] Americas Herndon, VA, USA Tel: +1 703 621 1600 [email protected] Europe London, UK Tel: +44 207 297 6123 [email protected] Middle East & Africa Dubai, UAE Tel: +971 4 204 5834 [email protected] [email protected] MAP/ALL/2009/01/E
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TGN-ATLANTIC
1) For labelling Public Internet Exchange, did we label all the IX we interconnected or only partial? If partial, should we consider remove them all instead?2) why do we show two 'Equinix Tokyo'?
Bulgaria - SofiaRomania - BucharestSerbia - BelgradeGreece - AthensGermany - Frankfurt
AJC
APOLLO
BRCS
FLAG
FLAG
CHINA-US
CHINA-US
J-US
J-US
SMW4
TIC
TGN-PACIFIC
TGN-PACIFIC
TVH
SOUTHERNCROSS
PAC
TPE
TPC-5
TAT-14
TGN-ATLANTIC
SAT-3/WASC
SAFE
PC1
PC1
MN
HIBERNIA ATLANTIC
HIBERNIA ATLANTIC
YELLOW
YELLOW
FALCON
MAC
MAC
MAC
SAC
MAYA-1AAG
AAG
AAG
ARCOS-1
MATRIX
SMW3
SMW3
SMW3
ERMC
ERMC
COLUMBUS-IIIC2C
ATLANTIS-II
ATLANTIS-II
ATLANTICA-1
ATLANTICA-1
TIS
TAT-12/13
TAT-12/13
i2i
i2i
TEA
APOLLO
APOLLO
TAT-14
TAT-14
TGN-ATLANTICHIBERNIA ATLANTIC
HIBERNIA ATLANTIC
COLUMBUS-III
TAT-12/13
TAT-12/13
FLAG
APOLLO
TAT-14LEV
FLAGTGN-ATLANTIC
RNAL
SMW3
FOG
SMW3
APCN2
EAC
APCN
MIC-1
APCN2
IACS
SMW4
AMERICAS-II
EAC
FLAG
TGN
-WE
ST
EU
RO
PE
London
Kuala LumpurSingapore
Shanghai
San Francisco
Los Angeles
Denver
Dallas
Herndon
MiamiHong Kong
Macau
Seoul
Moscow
Prague
Beijing
Tokyo
Chicago
Guangzhou
Sydney
Frankfurt
Paris
New YorkAthens
Shenzhen
Buenos Aires
Dubai
Accra
Dakar
Houston
Rabat
Vancouver
Montreal
YAM
AL-2
02 (4
9E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-9
04 (6
0E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-9
06 (6
4E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-9
02 (6
2E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-7
, IS-1
0 (6
8,5E
)IN
TELS
AT IS
-4 (7
2E)
ABS-
1 (7
5E)
TELS
TAR-
10 (7
6.5E
)
CHIN
ASTA
R-1
(87.
5E)
NSS-
6 (9
5E)
ASIA
SAT-
2 (1
00,5
E)
ASIA
SAT-
4 (1
22.2
E)
JCSA
T-3A
(128
E)
APST
AR-V
(138
E)
TELS
TAR-
18 (1
38E)
JCSA
T-2A
(154
E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-7
04 (6
6E)
APST
AR-V
I (134
E)
JCSA
T-5A
(132
E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-7
01 (1
80E)
INTE
LSAT
IS-8
01 (3
28.5
E)
NSS-
10 (3
22.5
E)
North Atlantic Ocean
Russian Federation
United States of America
Greenland
Iceland
China
Alaska
Canada
Brazil
Australia
Kazakhstan
India
NepalBhutan
Bangladesh
Argentina
Saudi Arabia
Sudan
Eritrea
Djibouti
Indonesia
Mongolia
Mexico
Libya
Iran
UAE
Oman
Democratic Republic ofCongo
CongoRepublic
EquitorialGuinea
Algeria
Tunisia
South Africa
Peru
Chile
Ecuador
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Tajikistan
Kyrgyzstan
TurkmenistanUzbekistan
Niger
MauritaniaMali
Ethiopia
Egypt
Colombia
Panama
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Honduras
Guatemala
Belize
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Grand Cayman
Cuba
Haiti Dominican RepublicPuerto Rico
Chad
Bolivia
Paraguay
Uruguay
Angola
VenezuelaGuyana
SurinameFrenchGuiana
Tanzania
Ukraine
Turkey
Armenia
Georgia
Azerbaijan
Sweden
Spain
Canary Islands
Norway
NigeriaTogo
Benin
Ghana
Guinea
Gambia
Senegal
GuineaBissau
SierraLeone
Liberia
Namibia
Myanmar
France
Finland
Zambia
UnitedKingdom
Thailand
Somalia
Poland
PapuaNew
Guinea
Morocco
KenyaUganda
Rwanda
Burundi
Japan
Iraq
Jordan
Lebanon
Germany
CentralAfrican Republic
Cameroon
Botswana
Yemen
Vietnam
Syria
Romania
Moldova
Philippines
New Zealand
MalaysiaBrunei
Italy
Gabon
Zimbabwe
Malawi
Swaziland
Lesotho
Mozambique
Madagascar
Coted'Ivoire
BurkinaFaso
Belarus
Western Sahara
Korea
Portugal
Ireland
Hungary
Croatia
Bosnia Serbia
Albania
MontenegroMacedonia
Slovenia
Greece
Czech Republic
Cambodia
Laos
Bulgaria
Austria
Taiwan
Switzerland
SriLanka
Slovakia
Netherlands
Denmark
Sea ofJapan
Bay of Bengal
Coral Sea
Canarias Sea
Black Sea
Gulf of Mexico
Caribbean Sea
Burma Sea
Lakshadweep Sea
Banda Sea
Maluku Sea
Aru
Sea
NatunaSea
Jawa Sea
Tasman Sea
Laptev Sea
Kara Sea
Irish Sea
Norwegian Sea
Iceland Sea
Adriatic Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Red Sea
Arabian Sea
Caspian Sea
North Greenland Sea
Greenland Sea
Labrador Sea
Chukchi Sea
Baltic Sea
North Sea
Barents Sea
Beaufort Sea
SouthChinaSea
Sea of Okhotsk
Bering Sea
Philippine Sea
Fiji
North Pacific Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
South Pacific Ocean
South Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean
+180 +150 +120 +90 +60 +300 +30 +60 +90 +120 +150
0
30
-30
60
0
30
60
-30
+180 +150 +120 +90 +60 +300 +30 +60 +90 +120 +150
Nanhui / Chongming
Qingdao
Tansui
Toucheng
Fangshan
Shantou
Pali
Shima Toyohashi
Maruyama
KitaibarakiAjigaura
Miura
Miyazaki
Okinawa
Batangas
CapepisaManila
Phetchaburi
Pyapon
Hanoi
Cox's Bazar
Danang
Ho Chi Minh
Vung Tau
Sri Racha
Bangkok
Mersing / Kuantan
Changi / Katong Tuas Tanjung
Batam
Penang
SatunSongkhla
Jakarta
Medan
Melaka
Tungku
Port Hedland
Perth Oxford Falls
Brookvale
Whenuapai
Suva
Takapuna
PaddingtonAlexandria
GuamPiti
TanguissonTumon Bay
Keoje Pusan
Fangshan
Taean
Poti
Boston
Bellport/Shirley
Boca Raton
Manasquan
Tuckerton
Greenhill
Wall Township
Reston
BreanBude
Cardiff
LandsendPorthcurno
Pottington
Highbridge
Southport
Penmarch
Goonhilly Oostende
Katwijk
St. Valery
Norden
Blaabjerg
Blaavand
Lannion
Marseilles
Madrid
Alexandria
Palermo
Mazara Annaba
Melkbosstrand Mtunzini
Mauritius
Maputo
Reunion
Cacuaco
Libreville
DoualaLagos
Cotonou
Abidjan
Chania Marmaris
Yeroskipos
Estepona
Tetouan
Sesimbra
Lisbon
BilbaoRome
Dijon
Port Said
Jeddah
Djibouti
Fujairah
Muscat
Kuwait
Al Khobar
SumaismaQatar
ManamaKarachi
CochinChennai
Mt LaviniaColombo
Suez Aqaba
Bandon
Hillsboro/Nedonna Beach
Manchester
HawaiiSpencer Beach
Makaha/Keawaula/Kahe Pt.
San Luis Obispo / Morro Bay
Bizerte
San Jose
Milan
ConilChipiona
Alta VistaEl Medano
Catania
Port Sudan
Al HudaydahAl Ghaydah
Al Seeb
Khasab
Male
Trivandrum
Grover Beach
Harbour Pointe/Snohomish Country
Fortaleza
Cayenne
Port of Spain
Le Lamentin
St. CroixPunta Cana
Puerto Plata
Providenciales
Bahamas
Crooked Island
Cat Island
Nassau
San Juan
Hollywood
CamuriPunto Fijo
Punta Gorda
Willemstad
Cape Verde
CancunTulum
Belize City
Mexico CityGuadalajara
Mazatlan
Monterrey
McAllenLaredo
Sacramento Kansas City
Tampa
Minneapolis
Detroit
San Antonio
Tujuana
Puerto BariosPuerto Cortes
Trujullo
Puerto Lempira
Half-Moon Bay
Puerto CabezasBluefields
Purto LimonColon
PanamaCity
Maria Chiquita
UstupoFortAmador
Cartagena
Caracas Puerto Viejo
Riohacha
Tolu
Ponta Delgada
Halifax
St. David
Quebec
AlbanyStanford
BallesterosLa Union
Dublin
Ulan Bator
Borhojn-Tal
IrkulskZabaykalsk
Nakhoda
Naoetsu
KhabarovshBlagoveschensk
ChitaUlan-Ude
Irkutsk
Krasnoyarsk
AbakanBarnaul
Novosibirsk
Omsk
Tyumen
CheliabinskKurgan
EkaterinburgPerm
Samara
KazanN.NovgoredVladimirTver
Bonn Voronezh
Volgograd
Elista
MakhachkalaSochi
Novorossiysk
Odessa
Bucharest
Sofia
Belgrade
Belgorod
KurskOrel
Bryansk
SmolenskRyazan
Tula
KalugaPenza
Novgorod
Kaliningrad
LatviaLithuania
Estonia
Helsinki
Oslo
KotkaPetrozavodsk
St.Petersburg
Pskov
VarnaKosovo
Istanbul
Nalchik
StayropolKrasnodar
Rostov-on-DonAstrakhan
Vladivostok
Wada
Chikura
Ninomiya Emi
Mumbai
Hamburg
Taipei
Bahrain
Stockholm
Brussels
Amsterdam
Zurich
Seattle
Philadelphia
Baltimore
Vienna
Ashburn
Atlanta
Rio de Janerio
SantosSao Paulo
Las Toninas
Valparaiso
Santiago
Lurin
Lima
Washington D.C.
Brookhaven/Mastic Beach
MA
P/A
LL/2
008/
10/E
To Connect & Serve
Global presence MPLS POP
Public Internet Exchange
Headquarter Satellite
Voice POP
IEPL POP
Regional center IPLC POP Teleport
PCCW Global Existing POP – Managed Transmission Network
Partner Network – Managed Transmission Network
Current PCCW Global MPLS VPN coverage
IP POP
PCCW Global Existing POP – Global IP Backbone
Legend
Global IP Backbone Bandwidth
Light
gre
en
High LowGre
en
Red Purple
Dark b
lue
Light
blue
Major cable systems
AAG
AJC
APCN
APOLLO
AMERICAS-II
APCN2
ARCOS-1
TIC
TIS
TPE
TPC-5
YELLOW
TVH
ATLANTICA-1
ATLANTIS-II
ERMC
C2C
BRCS
CHINA-US
COLUMBUS-III
EAC
FALCON
FLAG
FOG
SMW4
TGN-WEST EUROPE
TGN-ATLANTIC
TGN-PACIFIC
TEA
TAT-14
SOUTHERN CROSS
TAT-12/13PC1
SMW3
SAT-3/WASC
SAFE
SAC
RNAL
PARTNER NETWORK
PAC
LEV
HIBERNIA ATLANTIC
i2i
IACS
MAC
MATRIX
J-US
MIC-1
MAYA-1
MN
PCCW Global infrastructure map
Contact uswww.pccwglobal.com
Asia PacificHong KongTel: +852 2888 [email protected]
AmericasHerndon, VA, USATel: +1 703 621 [email protected]
EuropeLondon, UKTel: +44 207 297 [email protected]
Middle East & AfricaDubai, UAETel: +971 4 204 [email protected]@pccw.com
7. Terrestrial links among the 3 countries in Balkan region
MA
P/A
LL/2
009/
01/E
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