A/H1N1 Virus
• Index Case – Mexico in March 2009
• By end of 2009 – PANDEMIC
• Virus – “2009 H1N1 Virus”
• SWINE FLU / HUMAN FLU
– REASSORTMENT
• Glycoproteins –
– Heamagglutinin – Binds to receptors
– Neuraminidase – Helps initiate the infection
Spread
• Swine Flu doesn’t often infect people, and in past have mainly affected people who had contact with pigs.
• Current ‘swine flu’ outbreak is different. It can spread from person to person among people who have not had any contact with pigs.
Person to Person??
• This virus can survive for hours on surfaces.
– Upto 48hrs on hard non porous surfaces like stainless steel.
– 12 hrs on cloth and tissues.
• Few min on your hand. So??
contd
• Spread primarily through respiratory droplets.
1. Coughing
2. Sneezing
3. Touching with contaminated hands.
Risk?
• Pregnant women – six times more likely than non pregnant women.
• Young children – under 2 yrs.
• Lung diseases – COPD.
• Asthma.
• Immune Suppression – HIV, Ca therapy.
• Liver, kidney, neurologic problems.
Medical Emergency - Adult
• Breathing difficulty.
• Chest pain
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion
• Severe vomiting
• Confusion
Medical Emergency - Children
• Fast breathing
• Bluish or grey skin
• Not drinking fluids
• Not waking up
• Severe vomiting
• Fever with rash
Treatment
• Tamiflu or Relenza
• These antiviral drugs are most effective when
taken within 48 hours of the start of flu
symptoms.
• It's resistant to older flu drugs.
Not everyone needs treatment with these anti-
flu drugs. Most people who come down with
H1N1 swine flu recover fully -- without
antiviral treatment
Vaccine
Clinical tests show the 2009 H1N1 vaccine worksremarkably well.
• People ages 10 and older need only one dose ofthe vaccine. Protection begins about eight daysafter vaccination.
• Kids under age 10 will need two vaccinations,given three weeks apart.
• The vaccine is highly effective -- and, accordingto early results from clinical trials, very safe -- inpregnant women