Guidelines Guidelines for for wind wind farm farm planning planning on on birds birds and and bats bats : : Lessons Lessons learned learned from from operating operating wind wind farms farms Álvaro Camiña Biodiversity & Ecosystem Services in Impact Assessment Inter-American Development Bank | Washington, DC, USA 7-8 February 2013
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Guidelines for wind farm planning on birds and bats · 2017. 5. 18. · Guidelines for wind farm planning on birds and bats : Lessons learned from operating wind farms Álvaro Camiña
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• Just account for number of fatalities• No further data analysis (reasons of collision)• Lack of searcher detection bias or carcass removal• Very poor related with bats• Lack of management conclusions (i.e. retrofitting
turbines)• Saving money/subcontracting• Lack of know-how• Each one their own - not adequate- methodology.
DevelopersDevelopers
• “I do not want any problem”• Just or fill for the requirements of the EIS• The cheaper, the better.• Environmental monitoring is mandatory• Fear : Wildlife is a problem even on already operating
wind farms• Despite proper environmental monitoring is an added
Turbines with one collision increase from 32% to 58%(Wilcoxon Z =2,02 p < 0,05)
VariationsVariations in in mortalitymortality ((samesamespeciesspecies--diferentdiferent places) places) LarkLark’’s s
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Al ar AR %
Al ar SO %
BirdBird andand bat bat monitoringmonitoring
BirdBird monitoringmonitoring
Bat Bat fatalitiesfatalities
> 15 days 15-10 days 7 days-0,05
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
Mor
talit
y y
ear
-1T
urb-
1
Mean Mean±SE Mean±1,96*SE
Camiña, A. (2012) Bat mortality at wind farms in Northern Spain.ActaChiropterologica 14(1):205-212.
1662 fatalities
Only 147 bats (8.84%)
RelatedRelated issuesissues
MitigationMitigation measuresmeasures : : therethere are are alreadyalreadytestedtested measuresmeasures i.e. i.e. curtailmentcurtailment ofofturbinesturbines forfor batsbats , , temporarytemporary shuttshuttdowndown ..