ii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TABLE OF CONTENTS ii LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES v LIST OF APPENDICES vi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Draft Copy 1 1.3 Final Draft Copy 2 1.4 Final Report 2 1.5 Expenditure 2 1.6 Plagiarism 2 2 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 4 2.1 Organization of the Report 4 2.2 Supervisor‟s Endorsement 5 2.3 Title Page 5 2.4 Declaration Page 6 2.5 Dedication Page 6 2.6 Acknowledgement 6 2.7 Abstract 6 2.8 Table of Contents 7 2.9 List of Tables 7 2.10 List of Figures 8 2.11 List of Symbols/Abbreviations/Notation/ Terminology 8 2.12 List of Appendices 8 2.13 Main Text 8 2.13.1 Mathematical Equation 10 2.13.2 Table in Text 10
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ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS ii
LIST OF TABLES iv
LIST OF FIGURES v
LIST OF APPENDICES vi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Draft Copy 1
1.3 Final Draft Copy 2
1.4 Final Report 2
1.5 Expenditure 2
1.6 Plagiarism 2
2 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 4
2.1 Organization of the Report 4
2.2 Supervisor‟s Endorsement 5
2.3 Title Page 5
2.4 Declaration Page 6
2.5 Dedication Page 6
2.6 Acknowledgement 6
2.7 Abstract 6
2.8 Table of Contents 7
2.9 List of Tables 7
2.10 List of Figures 8
2.11 List of Symbols/Abbreviations/Notation/ Terminology 8
2.12 List of Appendices 8
2.13 Main Text 8
2.13.1 Mathematical Equation 10
2.13.2 Table in Text 10
iii
2.13.3 Figure in Text 11
2.14 References 11
2.15 Appendices 13
3 FORMAT OF REPORT 14
3.1 Language 16
3.2 Paper and Size 16
3.3 Margin 16
3.4 Pagination 17
3.5 Numbering of Chapter and Sub-Chapter 17
3.6 Typing 17
3.7 Spacing 18
3.8 Printing and Binding 18
4 LITERATURE CITATION 19
4.1 Introduction 19
4.2 Oxford System of Referencing 19
4.3 Different Language of Report and Quotation 19
4.4 Reference List 19
REFERENCES 20
APPENDICES 23
iv
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Arrangement of parts in a report 4
2.2 Comparison of experimental and computer simulation results 10
v
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Number of Population in Jasin by Races 11
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE PAGE
A Front Cover of Report 22
B Back Cover of Report 23
C Sample of Supervisor Endorsement 24
D Format of Report Title Page 25
E Sample of Declaration 26
F Sample of Dedication 27
G Sample of Acknowledgement 28
H Sample of Abstract in English 29
I Sample of Abstract in Bahasa Melayu 30
J Sample of Table of Content 31
K Sample of List of Tables 33
L Sample of List of Figures 34
M Sample of List of Symbols 35
N Sample of List of Appendices 36
O Sample of Format of Report 37
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
It is a graduation pre-requisite for final year students in Faculty of Electrical
Engineering (FKE), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) to submit their final
year project report. This guide is an adaptation of the Centre for Graduate Studies of
UTeM guidelines for thesis preparation 2008. It is compiled to help final year students in
the preparation of their Final Year Project report. It deals only with the submission and
physical format of the report. It is the responsibility of each student to ensure that his or
her report conforms to the Guidelines. The supervisors can advise students in the
preparation of the report. Further information or clarification on the Guidelines is
available at the FKE.
The following order of report sections is intended to serve as a guide. Not all
reports will follow this format. Many of these sections are self-explanatory. Finally FKE
wishes the best of luck to all students during the preparation of the report. May all final
year project reports will be of good quality and standard.
1.2 Draft Copy
Students should submit a draft copy to supervisor for proof reading before they
submit their final draft report. This is to ensure that the proper format has been followed
before the copies are sent for examination.
2
1.3 Final Draft Copy
Two (2) copies of the final draft report must be submitted to supervisor and panel
for examination and evaluation.
1.4 Final Report
After following examination and having done all the corrections/amendments as
recommended by the examiners, the student must submit two (2) copies of the approved
work to the Faculty with FKE front (APPENDIX A) and back cover (APPENDIX B)
press-bind. The report submitted must not more than 100 pages for the text part only;
excluding appendices and Roman numeric pages. The student is also required to submit
two copies(in CD form) of his/her work in PDF format.
1.5 Expenditure
All expenses associated with the final report such as typing, printing, photocopying
and binding will be fully borne by the student.
1.6 Plagiarism
Plagiarism is passing off the work of others as your own. This constitutes
academic theft and is a serious matter which is penalized in overall marking. Plagiarism
simply means submission of an item of assessment containing elements of work produced
by another person(s) in such a way that it could be assumed to be the student‟s own work.
Examples of plagiarism are [1]:
a) the verbatim copying of another person‟s work without acknowledgement the
close paraphrasing of another person‟s work by simply changing a few words
or altering the order of presentation without acknowledgement.
3
b) The unacknowledged quotation of phrases from another person‟s work and/or
the presentation of another person‟s idea(s) as one‟s own.
c) Copying or closing paraphrasing with occasional acknowledgement of the
source may also be deemed to be plagiarism if the absence of quotation marks
implies that the phraseology is the student‟s own.
d) Works that may belong to another student or be from a published source such
as a book, report, journal or material available on the internet.
4
CHAPTER 2
ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT
2.1 Organization of the Report
The Final Year Project report should consist of certain parts [2-5]. These are
arranged as in Table 2.1:
Table 2.1: Arrangement of parts in a report
Section
SUBJECT STATUS
EXAMPLE
(APPENDIX) NOTES
2.2 Supervisor‟s
Endorsement Compulsory C
Without page
number but
counted as (i)
2.3 Title Page Compulsory D
Without page
number but
counted as (ii)
2.4 Declaration Page Compulsory E
Page number using
Roman numeric
(iii)
2.5 Dedication page Optional F
Page number using
Roman numeric (if
any)
2.6 Acknowledgement Optional G
Page number using
Roman numeric (if
any)
2.7 Abstract (English)
Compulsory H,I Page number using
Roman numeric Abstrak (Bahasa Melayu)
2.8 Table of Contents Compulsory J Page number using
Roman numeric
2.9 List of Tables Compulsory K Page number using
Roman numeric
2.10 List of Figures Compulsory L
Page number using
Roman numeric
5
Section
SUBJECT STATUS
EXAMPLE
(APPENDIX) NOTES
2.11
List of
Symbols/Abbreviations/
Notation/ Terminology
Compulsory
(if any) M
Page number using
Roman numeric
2.12 List of Appendices Compulsory
(if any) N
Page number using
Roman numeric
2.13 Text Compulsory O
Page number using
Arabic numeric
starting with page
1
2.14 References Compulsory -
Page number using
Arabic numeric,
continue from the
text
2.15 Appendices Optional -
Page number using
Arabic numeric,
continue from the
References.
2.2 Supervisor’s Endorsement
Final year project report that is submitted for examination must be endorsed and
signed by respective project supervisor. The format of the supervisor endorsement page is
shown in Appendix C.
2.3 Title Page
The title of report should be as concise as possible, giving an accurate description
of the work. Title page must contain information listed in the following order:
Title of the thesis (must be written properly without short form)
Student‟s full name as in identity card
Statement of award for the project
Name of Faculty
Name of the University
Month and Year of submission
6
The statement of award for the project should state the purpose and the award for
which the project is submitted. It can be stated as followed:
This Report is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor
in Electrical Engineering (Industrial Power)
The format of the title page is shown in Appendix D.
2.4 Declaration Page
This page should contain declaration by the student on originality of the report.
The declaration should be signed by the student. An example is provided in Appendix E.
2.5 Dedication Page
The dedication must be brief, not more than one paragraph and must not contain
any number, chart or photograph. Refer to the example in Appendix F.
2.6 Acknowledgement
Most report will include a brief statement of thanks and appreciations in
recognition of special assistance (including financial) and guidance given by individuals,
institutions or government bodies in successfully producing the project. This should be
written in one page. Refer Appendix G for the example.
2.7 Abstract
Abstracts in both Bahasa Melayu and English are mandatory. An abstract is
different from synopsis or summary of a report. It should briefly outline the research
problem addressed by the project, methodology, findings and significance of the work in
7
the context of the field of study. The abstract should not exceed one (1) page and less than
300 words. It must be written in English and followed by the translation in Bahasa
Melayu. Example can be seen in Appendix H (English) and Appendix I (Bahasa Melayu).
2.8 Table of Contents
The titles of sections, chapters and their principal subdivisions along with the page
numbers on which they appear should be listed in the Table of Contents. Titles should be
worded exactly as they appear in the text of the report. Report with many subsections
should use a hierarchical numbering system for headings and sub-headings (i.e., 2.1, 2.2,
2.3, etc). All chapters and their sub-sections must be labeled and numbered. The chapters
are numbered using Arabic numeral, i.e. Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Chapter 3 and so on. The
number of chapters is not rigid but it must consist of following items:
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Result and Discussion
Conclusion
Please refer Appendix J for the example.
2.9 List of Tables
This list consists of the exact titles (including numbering) of all tables that appear
in the report. All tables should be numbered consecutively throughout the text. See
example in Appendix K.
8
2.10 List of Figures
All figures must be numbered consecutively throughout the text. See Appendix L for
an example.
2.11 List of Symbols/Abbreviations/Notation/ Terminology
This list is optional, depending on the subject matter or technicality of the report.
All scientific symbols and nomenclature should follow the standard SI- system. See
example in Appendix M.
2.12 List of Appendices
Appendices are not a compulsory in a report but if any, it must be listed in the List
of Appendices. Refer Appendix N for an example.
2.13 Main Text
The main body of the report is usually arranged into consecutively numbered
chapters or sections. The internal organization of the report is the responsibility of the
student in consultation with his/her project supervisor(s) in accordance to the format given
in section Table of Content. The organization will partly depend on the field of study.
Each chapter must be started at new page. Text is written by paragraph. Avoid writing too
long paragraph. As a whole, the font of the main text should be the Times New Roman,
font size12 with 1.5-spacing. The report will often include the following chapters:
Chapter 1 Introduction
The first chapter should include problem statement/hypothesis, project objectives
and scope/limitation of the project.
9
Chapter 2 Literature Review
This chapter should highlight past studies related to the subject of the
project/literature survey. Background theory might also be included in this chapter.
Chapter 3 Methodology
All relevant experimental and descriptive techniques used in the project should be
outlined, such that the study could be repeated by another researcher. It is
recommended to use flow chart with clear explanation to present the project
methodology. The sentences should be in past tense and passive voice. Reference
methods to other researchers should be made where appropriate.
Chapter 4 Results
Visually and textually represent project findings. Visual representation of results:
graphs, tables, diagrams and charts. This may be presented as a single chapter,
divided separately into appropriate section or in two or more chapters to include the
analysis and presentation of data. The results should be interpreted.
Chapter 5 Analysis and Discussion of Results
This provides analysis and discussion on the results of the project, stressing the
significance and implications of the findings of the project undertaken.
Contributions of project findings to the field of study should be highlighted.
Chapter 6 Conclusion and Recommendation
This chapter contains a brief summary of the entire work, including methods,
results and major conclusions /recommendations arising from the work. This
chapter can be written in a single section or in separately numbered sections.
Weaknesses, shortcomings and strengths of the project are presented.
Recommendations for future work may also be included together with contributions
of project. Any potential of or practical application must also be included.
For more detail description, please refer “Guidelines for the Implementation of
Final Year Project”. It is acceptable for individual chapter to be self-contained, including
their own introduction, methods, results and discussions, as is often the case where
individual chapter being submitted for publication. However, in such report a broader
10
introduction to the whole project should be included to tie the chapters or sections together
and to provide the framework for the whole project.
2.13.1 Mathematical Equation
Mathematical equation or any equations must be written in a single line and right-
justify. It also needs to be numbered consecutively as follows;
Output voltage, 1
f
o i
i
RV V
R (2.1)
Therefore
Gain, ov
i
VA
V (2.2)
2.13.2 Table in Text
Tables that situated in text must be numbered. The caption for tables is placed
above the table itself. The table must be mentioned or referred in text before the table
appears. The table number assigned must refer to the chapter number. Example:
Table 2.2: Comparison of experimental and computer simulation results
Distance Ratio Experiment
(Mean value)
Computer Simulation
(Mean Value)
0.125 0.25 0.137
0.250 0.46 0.560
0.375 0.63 0.738
0.500 0.75 0.861
0.625 0.83 0.939
0.750 0.88 0.981
0.875 0.93 0.997
1.000 1.00 1.000
11
2.13.3 Figure in Text
Figures may be a diagram, map, chart, graph and others. Each figure must be clear
and high quality. The caption for figure is placed below the figure itself. In contrast, the
figure must be mentioned in text before the figure appears. Use “Figure 1.1,” not “Fig.
1.1,” in the text, as well as for captions. For example, Figure 2.1 shows the population in
Jasin by races.
500, 86%
50, 9%
20, 3%
10, 2%
malay
chinese
indian
others
Figure 2.1: Population in Jasin by races
2.14 References
References are sources that may referred by writer during final year project. They
may be from work presented in journal or newspaper articles, government reports, books
or specific chapters of books, research dissertations or theses and material from the Internet
etc. Thus the references must be listed in References page. The following bibliographic
style must be followed [6]:
Reference from journals:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of article. Full Title of Journal, Volume number
(Issue/Part number), Page numbers, Year.
12
Example:
T.M. & Lee, Kalotas, A.R. A Simple Device To Illustrate Angular
Momentum Conservation And Instability. American Journal of Physics, Vol.
58, pp.80 - 81, 1990.
Reference from books:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of book. Edition. Place: Publisher, Year
Example:
E.E., Conn, P.K., Stumpf, G. & Doi, R.H., Bruenmig, Outlines of
Biochemistry, 5th ed.. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1987.
Reference from edited books:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of book. Edition. (only include this if not the first
edition) Place: Publisher, Year
Example:
A.D, Horking, Moulds And Yeasts Associated With Foods of Reduced
Water Activity: Ecological Interactions. In Food Preservation by Moisture
Control (Seow, C.C., 2nd
ed.), pp. 57-72. London, Elsevier Applied Science
Publication, 1988.
Reference from conference proceedings:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of article. Full Title Proceeding,(Author, Initials), Page
numbers, Year
13
Example:
M.D., Hassan & H., Norshimah, Designing of Primers for Cloning of Papaya
Ringspot Virus Coat Protein Gene. Proceedings of the 8th National
Biotechnology Seminar (Hasanah, M.G.: Khatijah, M.Y. & Marziah, M.), pp.
172-174, 1996.
Reference from papers presented at conferences, but unpublished:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of article. Full Title Proceeding,(Author, Initials), Year
Example:
H. A. Nimr, "Defuzzification of the outputs of fuzzy controllers," presented at
5th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, Cairo, Egypt, 1996.
Anonymous (authorless) reference:-
Example:
Anonymous External Trade in Sago Flour And Sago Starch, 1985-1995.
Agricultural Statistics, Sarawak. Planning Division, Department of
Agriculture, Sarawak, Malaysia. 1996.
Reference from Publications of international bodies/agencies:-
Example:
WHO Environmental Health Criteria 39: Paraquat and Diquat. World Health
Organization, Geneva, 1984.
14
Reference from Websites:-
Format:
Initials, Author, Title of article. Full Title of Journal, [type of medium]
Volume number (Issue/Part number), Page numbers if available. Available at:
include web site address/URL (Uniform Resource Locator) and additional
details of access, such as the routing from the home page of the source. N.B.
the URL should be underlined [Accessed date]
Example:
J.M., Boughton, The Bretton Woods Proposal: An Indepth Look.Political
Science Quarterly, [online]. 42 (6), Available at:
http://www.pol.upenn/articles (Blackwell Science Synergy) [accessed 12 June