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Professionnels du secteur touristique au Maroc: Votre guide technique en efficacité énergétique Agence Nationale pour le Développement GHV eQHUJLHV 5HQRXYHODEOHV HW GH Oª(ǸFDFLWp eQHUJpWLTXH ADEREE
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Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

Jan 03, 2017

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Page 1: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

Professionnels du secteur touristique au Maroc: Votre guide technique

en efficacité énergétique

Agence Nationale pour le Développement GHV�eQHUJLHV�5HQRXYHODEOHV�HW�GH�Oª(ǸFDFLWp�eQHUJpWLTXH

ADEREE

Page 2: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...
Page 3: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...
Page 4: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...
Page 5: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

1

Sommaire exécutif 3

1. coNtexte 5

2. cadre réglemeNtaire et Normatif eN matiÈre d’efficacité éNergétique au maroc

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table des matières

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6. meSureS d’écoNomieS et d’efficacité éNergétique daNS leS établiSSemeNtS touriStiqueS

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10. bibliographie 78

11. table deS matiÈreS deS tableaux et figureS 79

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Page 9: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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Page 10: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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2. cadre régleMentaire et norMatif en MatiÈre d’efficacité énergétique au Maroc

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2.2 rÈgleMent therMique de construction au Maroc (rtcM) 'DQV�OH�FDGUH�GH�OD�PLVH�HQ�°XYUH�GH�OD�SROLWLTXH�pQHUJpWLTXH�QDWLRQDOH��XQ�QRXYHDX�FDGUH�OpJDO�HQ�OD�PDWLqUH��OH�5qJOHPHQW�7KHUPLTXH�GH�&RQVWUXFWLRQ��57&0���D�pWp�DGRSWp�HQ�QRYHPEUH�������&H�5qJOHPHQW�VHUD�DSSOLTXp�DX[�QRXYHDX[�EkWLPHQWV�UpVLGHQWLHOV�HW�WHUWLDLUHV�j�FRQVWUXLUH��JpQpUDQW�DLQVL�XQ�QRXYHDX�SDUF�GH�EkWLPHQWV�SOXV� UHVSHFWXHX[� GH� O¶HQYLURQQHPHQW� HW� SOXV� pFRQRPH� HQ� pQHUJLH�� 3RXU� OHV�EkWLPHQWV�H[LVWDQWV�� LOV�VHURQW�pYDOXpV�j�WUDYHUV�GHV�DXGLWV�HW�XQH�PLVH�j�QLYHDX�pQHUJpWLTXH�GHV�pTXLSHPHQWV�HW�GH�O¶HQYHORSSH�

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Page 17: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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3. état des lieuX et caractérisation du secteur touristique au Maroc

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3.2.2 installations de chauffage-ventilation-climatisation

(Q� JpQpUDO�� O¶pQHUJLH� GHPDQGpH� SRXU� XQ� EkWLPHQW�� GHVWLQpH� j� OD� FOLPDWLVDWLRQ� GH� VHV�ORFDX[��TXH�VH�VRLW�SRXU�OH�FKDXIIDJH�RX�OH�UHIURLGLVVHPHQW��RVFLOOH�HQWUH����HW������&HFL�LPSOLTXH� GRQF� XQH� LPSRUWDQWH� FRQVRPPDWLRQ� G¶pQHUJLH�� (Q� SDUWLFXOLHU�� O¶LQVWDOODWLRQ� GH�OD�FOLPDWLVDWLRQ�SHXW�UHSUpVHQWHU� MXVTX¶j�����GX�WRWDO�GHV� LQVWDOODWLRQV�pQHUJpWLTXHV�GX�EkWLPHQW��8Q�V\VWqPH�GH�FKDXIIDJH�PDO�FRQoX�HW�R��GHV�RSpUDWLRQV�GH�PDLQWHQDQFH�QH�VRQW�SDV�HIIHFWXpHV��SHXW�JpQpUHU�GHV�SHUWHV�GH����j�����GH�O¶pQHUJLH�WKHUPLTXH��

/HV� V\VWqPHV� GH� FKDXIIDJH� XWLOLVpV� GDQV� OHV� pWDEOLVVHPHQWV� WRXULVWLTXHV� VRQW�SULQFLSDOHPHQW�

Ȉ &KDXGLqUHV� j� SURSDQH� RX� j� IXHO�� S\URWXEXODLUHV� HW� DTXDWXEXODLUHV�� DYHF� GHV�UHQGHPHQWV� FRPSULV� HQWUH� ��� HW� ����� GDQV� XQH� LQVWDOODWLRQ� FHQWUDOLVpH�� /¶HDX�

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FKDXIIpH� GDQV� OHVGLWV� JpQpUDWHXUV�HVW�DFFXPXOpH�GDQV�GHV� UpVHUYRLUV�GHVWLQpV� j� FHWWH� ¿Q� �� HW� GLVWULEXpH�j� WUDYHUV� GHV� FDQDOLVDWLRQV� YHUV�OHV� XQLWpV� WHUPLQDOHV� �UDGLDWHXUV��SULQFLSDOHPHQW���

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Ȉ /H� FKRL[� HW� O¶DFTXLVLWLRQ� GHV� DSSDUHLOV� j� KDXWH� HI¿FDFLWp� pQHUJpWLTXH�� (Q� HIIHW��DYHF�OHV�PrPHV�FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV��FHV�GHUQLHUV�SHXYHQW�FRQVRPPHU�MXVTX¶j�����G¶pQHUJLH�HQ�PRLQV�

Ȉ 6pSDUDWLRQ�SDU�]RQHV�GX�V\VWqPH��FH�TXL�SHUPHWWUD�GH�FOLPDWLVHU�VHXOHPHQW�OHV�HVSDFHV�FKRLVLV�

4XDQW�DX[�V\VWqPHV�GH�YHQWLODWLRQ��LO�HVW�FRXUDQW�G¶XWLOLVHU�GHV�RXYHUWXUHV�HW�SXLWV�GH�OXPLqUH�SRXU� � IDYRULVHU� OD ventilation naturelle�GH�QRPEUHX[�pWDEOLVVHPHQWV��'DQV�GHV� LQVWDOODWLRQV� SOXV� FRPSOH[HV�� VRQW� XWLOLVpV� GHV� YHQWLODWHXUV� G¶H[WUDFWLRQ� HW� GHV�V\VWqPHV�FHQWUDOLVpV�DYHF�GHV�XQLWpV�GH�WUDLWHPHQW�G¶DLU�

3.2.3 installations d’eau chaude sanitaire

/HV�EHVRLQV�HQ�HDX�FKDXGH�VDQLWDLUH��(&6��UHSUpVHQWHQW�XQH�SDUW� LPSRUWDQWH�GH� OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ� G¶pQHUJLH� G¶XQ� pWDEOLVVHPHQW� WRXULVWLTXH�� (Q� IRQFWLRQ� GHV� IDFWHXUV�WHOV� TXH� O¶HPSODFHPHQW� RX� OH� YROXPH� GH� OD� FRQVRPPDWLRQ�� GH� GLIIpUHQWV� V\VWqPHV�JpQpUDWHXUV�G¶(&6�SHXYHQW�rWUH�XWLOLVpV��

Ȉ chauffe-eau électriques��&HV�GLVSRVLWLIV�FKDXIIHQW�GH�O¶HDX�DYHF�GHV�UpVLVWDQFHV�pOHFWULTXHV�HW�OD�FRQVHUYHQW�GDQV�GHV�UpVHUYRLUV��,OV�VH�PHWWHQW�HQ�PDUFKH�VHXOHPHQW�ORUVTXH� OD� WHPSpUDWXUH�GH� O¶HDX�EDLVVH�j�SDUWLU� G¶XQ�VHXLO� SUpGp¿QL��&H�VRQW�GHV�V\VWqPHV� SHX� UHFRPPDQGpV� GX� SRLQW� GH� YXH� HI¿FDFLWp� pQHUJpWLTXH�� ELHQ� TX¶LOV�SUpVHQWHQW�GHV�DYDQWDJHV�FRPPH�OD�IDFLOLWp�GH�O¶XWLOLVDWLRQ�HW�OD�TXDVL�DEVHQFH�GH�OD�PDLQWHQDQFH��,OV�QH�VRQW�SDV�WUqV�XWLOLVpV�GDQV�OHV�pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�WRXULVWLTXHV�TXL��JpQpUDOHPHQW��IRQW�UHFRXUV�DX[�JpQpUDWHXUV�FHQWUDOLVpV��

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Ȉ chaudières centralisées ��F¶HVW�OH�V\VWqPH�OH�SOXV�JpQpUDOLVp�GDQV�OH�VHFWHXU��HQ� HPSOR\DQW� GHV� FKDXGLqUHV� j� SURSDQH� RX� j� IXHO� �DQFLHQQHV� LQVWDOODWLRQV���SULQFLSDOHPHQW��SRXU� OD�JpQpUDWLRQ�FHQWUDOH�GH� O¶HDX�FKDXGH�VDQLWDLUH��3DUIRLV��FHV�FKDXGLqUHV�VRQW�PL[WHV�� IRXUQLVVDQW�pJDOHPHQW�GH� O¶HDX�SRXU� OH�FKDXIIDJH�GHV�EkWLPHQWV��

Ȉ installation Solaire thermique��/¶H[SORLWDWLRQ� GH� O¶pQHUJLH� VRODLUH�SRXU� OH� FKDXIIDJH� G¶HDX�� SHUPHW�XQH� UpGXFWLRQ� FRQVLGpUDEOH� GH� OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ� GHV� FRPEXVWLEOHV�IRVVLOHV� HW� OD� GLPLQXWLRQ��FRQVpTXHQWH� GHV� pPLVVLRQV�SROOXDQWHV��&HOD�VH�WUDGXLUD�SDU�XQ�DYDQWDJH� HQYLURQQHPHQWDO� SRXU�OD� VRFLpWp�� HQ� SOXV� GH� GLVWLQJXHU�SRVLWLYHPHQW� OHV� pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�WRXULVWLTXHV�HW�OHV�SHUPHWWHQW��HQWUH�DXWUHV�DFWLRQV��G¶REWHQLU�OH�label de la clé verte.

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3.2.4 installations électriques

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3.2.5 consommation et coûts énergétiques

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Page 25: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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4.1 étaPe 1: calcul des consoMMations et coÛts énergétiques/D�SUHPLqUH�pWDSH�FRQVLVWH�j� LGHQWL¿HU� OHV� W\SHV�HW� OHV�TXDQWLWpV�G¶pQHUJLH�TXL�VRQW�XWLOLVpV�GDQV�XQ�pWDEOLVVHPHQW��DLQVL�TXH�OHXU�UpSHUFXVVLRQ�GDQV�OHV�FR�WV�JOREDX[�GH�FHOXL�FL��&RPPH�LQGLTXp�GDQV�OHV�FKDSLWUHV�SUpFpGHQWV��OHV�SULQFLSDX[�W\SHV�G¶pQHUJLH�XWLOLVpV�VRQW�l’électricité�HW�OH�JD]�SURSDQH.

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Page 26: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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����5pIpUHQFH��*3/�FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV���&RPLWp�IUDQoDLV�GX�EXWDQH�HW�GX�SURSDQH�

Page 27: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

23

4.2 étaPe 2: BenchMark du secteur/H�EHQFKPDUN�HVW�XQ�RXWLO�GH�JHVWLRQ�SRXU�DPpOLRUHU�OD�SHUIRUPDQFH�HW�GH�UHQRXYHOHU�OHV� VWUDWpJLHV� GH� GpYHORSSHPHQW� GDQV� OH� VHFWHXU�� /¶DQDO\VH� FRPSDUDWLYH� GHV�pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�WRXULVWLTXHV�HVW�GRQF�XQ�SURFHVVXV�GH�³PHVXUHU´�HW�³FRPSDUHU´�OHXUV�SURSUHV�SUDWLTXHV�HW�FHOOHV�GHV�DXWUHV�pWDEOLVVHPHQWV��DYHF�O¶REMHFWLI�G¶DWWHLQGUH�XQH�DPpOLRUDWLRQ�FRQWLQXH�

pourquoi faire un benchmark?

1.�&RQWULEXH�j�O¶RSWLPLVDWLRQ�GH�O¶XWLOLVDWLRQ�GHV�UHVVRXUFHV�G¶pQHUJLH�

2.��3HUPHW� G¶LGHQWL¿HU� OHV� SRLQWV� IDLEOHV� R�� O¶RQ� GRLW� DJLU�� DLQVL� TXH� PHWWUH� HQ�pYLGHQFH� GHV� DYDQWDJHV� FRPSpWLWLIV� SDU� UDSSRUW� j� G¶DXWUHV� pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�HQWUHSULVHV�GX�VHFWHXU��

3.��5pGXFWLRQ�GHV�FR�WV�GH�IRQFWLRQQHPHQW�HW�GHV�FR�WV�pQHUJpWLTXHV��SDU�OD�PLVH�HQ�SODFH�GH�WHFKQRORJLHV�HI¿FDFHV�

4.��*HVWLRQ� GHV� ULVTXHV� PR\HQQDQW� O¶LGHQWL¿FDWLRQ� GHV� SRLQWV� IRUWV� HW� GHV�IDLEOHVVHV�

,O� H[LVWH� GLYHUVHV� PpWKRGRORJLHV� HW� RXWLOV� GH� FDOFXO� GHV� LQGLFDWHXUV�SRXU� OH�VHFWHXU� WRXULVWLTXH��&HUWDLQHV�VRXUFHV�j�QRWHU�VRQW��7RXUEHQFK�� ZZZ�HDUWKFKHFN�RUJ��ZZZ�EHQFKPDUNKRWHO�FRP�

4.2.1 benchmark international

&RPPH�UpIpUHQFH�GH�FHWWH�DQDO\VH�FRPSDUDWLYH��GHV�LQGLFDWHXUV�GH�FRQVRPPDWLRQ�G¶pQHUJLH�HW�GH� O¶HDX�VRQW�GRQQpV�GDQV� OH� WDEOHDX�FL�GHVVRXV��&HOD�SHUPHWWUD� OD�FRPSDUDLVRQ�GH�YRWUH�pWDEOLVVHPHQW�DYHF�XQ�DXWUH�VHPEODEOH��HQ�IRQFWLRQ�GH�VHV�FDUDFWpULVWLTXHV��/HV�YDOHXUV�PR\HQQHV�VRQW�LQGLTXpHV�G¶XQ�F{Wp��HW�VXU�OD�FRORQQH�©EHQFKPDUNª�� VRQW� SUpVHQWpV� OHV�PHLOOHXUV� UpVXOWDWV� GpWHFWpV� GDQV� O¶pFKDQWLOORQ�FRQVLGpUp�

6RXUFH &R�W�$QQXHO��'+ &RQVRPPDWLRQ�$QQXHOOH��N:K 5DWLR��'+�N:K

electricité 901’600 DH ���¶����N:K �����'+�N:K�pOHF�

propane 300’000 DH��¶���� NJ� [� ������ N:K�NJ� ����¶����N:K �����'+�N:K�SURS�

total 1’201’600 dh 1’299’500 kWh

intensité énergétique annuelle par nuitée�¶���¶����N:K������¶�����QXLWpHV� � 108 kWh/nuitée/anintensité énergétique annuelle par unité de surface�¶���¶����N:K����¶����P2� ��� 250 kWh/m2/an

Page 28: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

24

(QHUJLH 0R\HQQH %HQFKPDUN

+{WHO &RQVRPPDWLRQ�PR\HQQH��N:K� N:K�QXLWpH N:K�P2 N:K�QXLWpH N:K�P2

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%HG��%UHDNIDVW 166’344 ���� ����� ���� ����

(DX 0R\HQQH %HQFKPDUN

+{WHO &RQVRPPDWLRQ��PR\HQQH��P3� /LWUH�QXLWpH� /LWUH�QXLWpH

��pWRLOHV 2’357 454 283

��pWRLOHV 5’306 424 210

��pWRLOHV 13’644 335 201

��pWRLOHV 33’680 594 310

%HG��%UHDNIDVW 944 281 133

,QIRUPDWLRQ�H[WUDLWH�GH�³environmental initiatives by european tourism businesses´��DQDO\VH�UpDOLVpH�GDQV�����pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�GH����SD\V�GH�O¶(XURSH��/HV�GRQQpHV�VH�UpIpUHQW�j�O¶pQHUJLH�¿QDOH��

3RXU� OHV� pWDEOLVVHPHQWV� DYHF� UHVWDXUDQW�� OH� QRPEUH� GH� FRXYHUWV� SHXW� rWUH� HVWLPp�FRPPH�pWDQW�OH�QRPEUH�GH�UHSDV�VHUYLV�PXOWLSOLp�SDU�XQ�FRHI¿FLHQW�GH�������GH�VRUWH�TXH�OH�QRPEUH�WRWDO�GH�FOLHQWV�VHUDLW��

Nº total de clients = nombre de nuitées + 0,25 · nombre de repas

&RPPH� RQ� SHXW� REVHUYHU�� OD� FRQVRPPDWLRQ� PR\HQQH� G¶pQHUJLH� GLPLQXH� DYHF�O¶DXJPHQWDWLRQ�GH� OD�FDWpJRULH�GH� O¶K{WHO��0rPH�VL�FHOD�VHPEOH�FRQWUDGLFWRLUH��F¶HVW�KDELWXHO�� SXLVTXH� FHV� pWDEOLVVHPHQWV� FRQVDFUHQW� JpQpUDOHPHQW� SOXV� G¶HIIRUW� SRXU�FRQWU{OHU� OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ� ��HW� OD�GHPDQGH�HVW�PLHX[� UpSDUWLH�HQ� UDLVRQ�GH� OD� IRUWH�FKDUJH�GH�WUDYDLO�

'DQV�O¶K{WHO�GH���pWRLOHV�GH�O¶H[HPSOH�DQWpULHXU��OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ�WRWDOH�G¶pQHUJLH���¶���¶����N:K��HW�O¶LQGLFDWHXU�GH�O¶LQWHQVLWp�pQHUJpWLTXH�SDU�QXLWpH������N:K�QXLWpH��VRQW�WRXV�OHV�GHX[�VXSpULHXUV�j� OD�PR\HQQH�SRXU�FHWWH�FDWpJRULH��&H�TXL� LQGLTXH�TXH� O¶pWDEOLVVHPHQW�GLVSRVH�G¶XQ�SRWHQWLHO�G¶pFRQRPLH�G¶pQHUJLH��PR\HQQDQW�OD�PLVH�HQ�°XYUH�GHV�PHVXUHV�G¶HI¿FDFLWp�pQHUJpWLTXH�

Page 29: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

25

4.2.2 matrice d’autoévaluation energétique

'DQV� O¶DQQH[H� ����� GH� FH� JXLGH�� XQH� PDWULFH� G¶DXWRpYDOXDWLRQ� pQHUJpWLTXH� HVW�SUpVHQWpH��R��O¶pWDEOLVVHPHQW�WRXULVWLTXH�SRXUUDLW�pWDEOLU�VRQ�pWDW�DFWXHO�HQ�PDWLqUH�GH�JHVWLRQ�GH�O¶pQHUJLH�HW�G¶pYDOXHU�VHV�SURJUqV�

/D� PDWULFH� DWWULEXH� XQH� QRWDWLRQ� GH� �� j� ��� HQ� pYDOXDQW� GHV� FULWqUHV� GH� SROLWLTXH�pQHUJpWLTXH��DQDO\VH�HW�HQUHJLVWUHPHQW�GHV�LQIRUPDWLRQV��PLVH�HQ�°XYUH�GH�OD�JHVWLRQ�GH�O¶pQHUJLH��RUJDQLVDWLRQ�SRXU�O¶HI¿FDFLWp�pQHUJpWLTXH��FRPPXQLFDWLRQ�HW�pGXFDWLRQ�

4.3 étaPe 3: Bilan énergétique8QH�IRLV�FRQQXH�OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ�pQHUJpWLTXH�WRWDOH�GH�O¶pWDEOLVVHPHQW��SDU�VRXUFH�G¶pQHUJLH� HW� HQ� pYDOXDQW� OH� QLYHDX� G¶HI¿FDFLWp� GDQV� OH� SURFHVVXV� GH� O¶DQDO\VH�FRPSDUDWLYH��O¶pWDSH�VXLYDQWH�FRQVLVWH�j�HIIHFWXHU�OH�ELODQ�pQHUJpWLTXH��HQ�GLVWULEXDQW�OD�FRQVRPPDWLRQ�G¶pQHUJLH�SDU�LQVWDOODWLRQV�HW�pTXLSHPHQWV�FRQVRPPDWHXUV�GH�O¶pQHUJLH�pOHFWULTXH�HW�RX�WKHUPLTXH�

(Q� JpQpUDO�� GDQV� XQ� pWDEOLVVHPHQW� WRXULVWLTXH�� OHV� FRQVRPPDWLRQV� HW� FR�WV�pQHUJpWLTXHV�OHV�SOXV�LPSRUWDQWV�VH�SURGXLVHQW�GDQV�OHV�LQVWDOODWLRQV�G¶pFODLUDJH��GH�&9&�HW�GHV�PDFKLQHV�

3ULQFLSDOHV�,QVWDOODWLRQV�&RQVRPPDWULFHV

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7KHUPLTXHV &KDXGLqUHV��FKDXIIDJH�HW�(&6�

Sources d’énergie

(OHFWULFLWp3URSDQH$XWUHV��)XHO��EXWDQH��pQHUJLH�VRODLUH�«

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(Q� HIIHW�� LO� IDXGUD� pWDEOLU� R�� HW� FRPPHQW� O¶pQHUJLH� HVW� FRQVRPPpH�� 8QH� IRLV� FHV�GRQQpHV�GLVSRQLEOHV�� XQH� FRPSWDELOLWp� pQHUJpWLTXH�SHUPHWWUD� G¶LGHQWL¿HU� OHV�SRVWHV�GH� FRQVRPPDWLRQ� j� SOXV� IRUW� SRWHQWLHO� G¶pFRQRPLH� G¶pQHUJLH�� VXU� OHVTXHOOHV� VHURQW�IRFDOLVpHV�OHV�PHVXUHV�G¶DPpOLRUDWLRQ�GH�O¶HI¿FDFLWp�pQHUJpWLTXH�

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Page 31: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

27

5.1. Marché de l’électricité/¶HQWLWp� HQ� FKDUJH� GH� OD� UpJXODWLRQ� GH� O¶pQHUJLH� pOHFWULTXH� DX� 0DURF�� HVW� O¶2I¿FH�1DWLRQDO�GH�O¶(OHFWULFLWp�HW�O¶(DX�3RWDEOH��21((���VRXV�OD�WXWHOOH�WHFKQLTXH�GX�PLQLVWqUH�GH�O¶(QHUJLH��GHV�0LQHV��GH�O¶(DX�HW�GH�O¶(QYLURQQHPHQW��/¶21((�HVW�UHVSRQVDEOH�GH�OD�GLVWULEXWLRQ�GH�����GH�O¶pOHFWULFLWp��WDQGLV�TXH�OH�UHVWH�HVW�DWWULEXp�j�GHV�RSpUDWHXUV�SULYpV�RX�SXEOLFV��GDQV�OHV�JUDQGHV�YLOOHV�

(Q�HIIHW��OD�GLVWULEXWLRQ�GH�O¶pOHFWULFLWp�DX[�FOLHQWV�HVW�DVVXUpH�SDU�WURLV�W\SHV�G¶RSpUDWHXUV��VHORQ�OHV�PRGHV�GH�JHVWLRQ�VXLYDQWV��

����*HVWLRQ�GLUHFWH�SDU�OHV�UpJLHV�&RPPXQDOHV��UHOHYDQW�GX�0LQLVWqUH�GH�O¶,QWpULHXU��FRQQXHV� VRXV� OD� GpQRPLQDWLRQ� �� 5pJLHV� $XWRQRPH� ,QWHUFRPPXQDOHV� GH�'LVWULEXWLRQ�G¶(DX�HW�G¶(OHFWULFLWp��SDUPL�OHVTXHOOHV�QRXV�WURXYRQV�

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/H�WUDQVSRUW�GH�O¶pQHUJLH�pOHFWULTXH�FRQVWLWXH�XQ�PRQRSROH�GH�O¶21((��j�WUDYHUV�XQ�UpVHDX�GH���¶����NP�GH�OLJQHV�GH����N9������N9������N9�HW�����N9��&H�UpVHDX�HVW�LQWHUFRQQHFWp�DYHF�FHX[�GH�O¶$OJpULH�HW�GH�O¶(VSDJQH��SRXU�VXSSRUWHU�OHV�ÀXFWXDWLRQV�GX�V\VWqPH�

/HV�pWDEOLVVHPHQWV�WRXULVWLTXHV�IRQW�SDUWLH�GHV�&OLHQWV�3URIHVVLRQQHOV�SRXU�O¶21((�RX�WRXWH�5pJLH�$XWRQRPH�GH�GLVWULEXWLRQ�GH�O¶(DX�HW�GH�O¶(OHFWULFLWp��VHORQ�OD�]RQH�R��LOV�VH�WURXYHQW�

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5. oPtiMisation des déPenses énergétiques

Page 32: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

28

Ȉ 0R\HQQH�7HQVLRQ��,OV�IRQW�SDUWLH�GHV�clients du secteur tertiaire.

Ȉ %DVVH�7HQVLRQ��,OV�IRQW�SDUWLH�GHV�clients patentés.

'DQV� OH� SURFKDLQ� FKDSLWUH�� GHV� OLJQHV� GLUHFWULFHV� VRQW� GRQQpHV� SRXU� O¶RSWLPLVDWLRQ�GHV�FRQWUDWV�HW�UpDOLVHU�DLQVL�GHV�pFRQRPLHV�G¶DUJHQW��,O�HVW�GRQF�LPSRUWDQW�GH�VDYRLU�LQWHUSUpWHU�XQH�IDFWXUH�pOHFWULTXH�

comment interpréter votre facture d’électricité?

la redevance de la puissance Souscrite rpS:

/D� SXLVVDQFH� VRXVFULWH� HVW� XQH� YDOHXU� FRQWUDFWXHOOH� TXL� FRUUHVSRQG� DX� IDLW� TXH� OH�GLVWULEXWHXU� ©� UpVHUYH�ª�XQH� FHUWDLQH�SXLVVDQFH�pOHFWULTXH�SRXU� YRWUH�XWLOLVDWLRQ�� /H�FKRL[�GH�FHWWH�SXLVVDQFH�GRLW�rWUH�RSWLPDO�SRXU�©�DMXVWHU�ª�j�OD�UpDOLWp�GH�YRV�EHVRLQV�HQ�GHPDQGH�pOHFWULTXH��6L�FHWWH�SXLVVDQFH�HVW�WURS�IDLEOH��YRXV�DYH]�GHV�SpQDOLWpV�GH�GpSDVVHPHQW�GH� OD�SXLVVDQFH�VRXVFULWH��6L�HOOH�HVW� WURS� IRUWH��YRXV�rWHV�pJDOHPHQW�SpQDOLVpV�SDU�OH�UHGHYDQFH�GH�SXLVVDQFH�TXL�GHYLHQW�SOXV�pOHYpH�

la pénalité du facteur de puissance (cosinus phi):

$X�0DURF��OH�VHXLO�GHV�SpQDOLWpV�OLpHV�j�XQ�IDFWHXU�GH�SXLVVDQFH�IDLEOH��HVW�¿[p�j�������FH�TXL�HQFRUH�HQ�IDYHXU�GHV�FRQVRPPDWHXUV��HW�QRQ�GX�SURGXFWHXU�RX�GLVWULEXWHXU��'DQV�G¶DXWUHV�SD\V��FH�VHXLO�HVW�pOHYp�j�������YRLUH�SOXV�

3RXU� OH� WDULI� SURIHVVLRQQHO�� ORUVTXH� OH� FRVLQXV� SKL� GLPLQXH� HQ� GHVVRXV� GH� ���� G¶XQ�PRLV��XQH�SpQDOLWp�HVW�DSSOLTXpH�FRPPH�VXLW�

3pQDOLWp��FRV�SKL�� ���[���������FRV�SKL�GX�PRLV����[��5&���536��5'36�

Ȉ 5&��5HGHYDQFH�GH�&RQVRPPDWLRQ

Ȉ 536��5HGHYDQFH�GH�OD�3XLVVDQFH�6RXVFULWH

Ȉ 5'36��5HGHYDQFH�GH�'pSDVVHPHQW�GH�OD�3XLVVDQFH�6RXVFULWH

la facturation des kWh:

/D� IDFWXUDWLRQ� HQ� PR\HQQH� WHQVLRQ� GHV� FRQVRPPDWLRQV� pOHFWULTXH� HQ� N:K�� IDLW�LQWHUYHQLU�WURLV�WUDQFKHV�KRUDLUHV��/H�WDULI�JpQpUDO�HVW�FRQVWLWXp�G¶XQH�SULPH�¿[H�SRXU�OD�IDFWXUDWLRQ�GH�OD�SXLVVDQFH�VRXVFULWH�HW�XQ�SUL[�GH�N:K�SDU�SRVWH�KRUDLUH��

/HV�WDULIV�VRQW�H[SULPpV�HQ�GLUKDPV�79$�FRPSULVH��79$�HVW�GH�����

3ULPH�¿[H�SDU�.9$�HW�SDU�$Q ������

redevance de consommation par kWh et par mois�

+HXUHV�GH�SRLQWH�+3 ������

+HXUHV�SOHLQHV�+3/ ������

+HXUHV�FUHXVHV�+& ������

7DEOHDX����)DFWXUDWLRQ�HQ�PR\HQQH�WHQVLRQ���6RXUFH�21((��

Page 33: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

29

$YHF�

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&H�WDULI�HVW�FRQVWLWXp�GH�WURLV�RSWLRQV�WDULIDLUHV�VHORQ�OD�GXUpH�DQQXHOOH�G¶XWLOLVDWLRQ�GH�OD�SXLVVDQFH��$�FKDTXH�RSWLRQ�WDULIDLUH�FRUUHVSRQG�XQH�SULPH�¿[H�SRXU�OD�IDFWXUDWLRQ�GH�OD�SXLVVDQFH�VRXVFULWH�SDU�SRVWH�KRUDLUH��HW�XQH�UHGHYDQFH�GH�FRQVRPPDWLRQ�SDU�SRVWH�KRUDLUH��

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options tarifaires

3ULPH�¿[H kva/an

prix par kWh

HP HPL +&

7/8 �¶������ ������ ������ ������

08 ������ ������ ������ ������

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GH�SXLVVDQFH 1 ��� ���

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clients patentés

les tarifs sont exprimés en dirhams tva comprise (tva est de 14%)

tranches de consommation mensuelle prix du kWh

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!�j�����N:K ������

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Page 34: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

30

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clients du secteur tertiaire moyenne tension (mt)

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clients patentés basse tension (bt)

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5.2. oPtiMisation tarifaire des contrats d’électricité/HV�SULQFLSDOHV�DFWLRQV�SRXU�O¶RSWLPLVDWLRQ�WDULIDLUH�GHV�FRQWUDWV�G¶pOHFWULFLWp�DYHF�OHV�GLVWULEXWHXUV��VRQW�OHV�VXLYDQWHV�

ajustement de la puissance souscrite:

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déplacement de la courbe de charge:

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compensation de l’énergie réactive:

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Page 37: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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8QH� IRLV� LGHQWL¿pHV� OHV� SULQFLSDOHV� LQVWDOODWLRQV� FRQVRPPDWULFHV� G¶pQHUJLH�� GDQV� OH�ELODQ�pQHUJpWLTXH��XQ�3URJUDPPH�GH�*HVWLRQ�GH�O¶(QHUJLH�GHYUDLW�rWUH�pWDEOLW��R��GHV�PHVXUHV� G¶DPpOLRUDWLRQ� pQHUJpWLTXH� j�PHWWUH� HQ�°XYUH� VRQW� SODQL¿pHV��8QH� pWXGH�GH� IDLVDELOLWp� WHFKQLFR�pFRQRPLTXH� VHUDLW� UpDOLVpH� SRXU� pYDOXHU� OD� YLDELOLWp� GHVGLWHV�PHVXUHV��

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Ȉ economie d’énergie��F¶HVW�O¶pFRQRPLH�G¶pQHUJLH�TXL�VHUDLW�DWWHLQWH�JUkFH�j�OD�PLVH�HQ�°XYUH�GH�OD�GLWH�PHVXUH��(OOH�HVW�PHVXUpH�HQ�N:K�

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exercice pratique:

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Page 38: Guide Technique de l'Efficacité Énergétique dans le secteur ...

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6.2.2 choix de l’équipement auxiliaire

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6.2.3 choix du luminaire

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6.2.5 Systèmes de régulation et contrôle

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6.2.6 gestion et maintenance

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Ȉ Système de gestion centralisée.

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Ȉ conception et utilisation des installations: le confort humain est centré en cinq variables fondamentales:

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qu’est qu’un inverseur?

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qu’est ce que le free - cooling?

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6.3.2 Systèmes de climatisation centralisée

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7.1. études de faisaBilité technico-éconoMique&RPH�H[HPSOH�G¶pWXGH�GH�IDLVDELOLWp�WHFKQLFR�pFRQRPLTXH�HW�G¶LPSDFW�VXU�O¶HQYLURQQHPHQW��G¶XQ�SURMHW�G¶HI¿FDFLWp�pQHUJpWLTXH��QRXV�H[SRVRQV�XQ�FDV�UpHO�G¶XQ�K{WHO�j�)qV�

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Créée en 2011, dans le cadre de la stratégie énergétique du Maroc, l’ADEREE est une institution publique intervenant sur l’ensemble de la chaîne de valeur du développement dusecteur des énergies renouvelables et de l’efficacité énergétique. Force de proposition auprès des autorités en matière de lois et de normes relatives au secteur, concepteur et pilote de programmes sectoriels intégrés, l’ADEREE est classée parmi les 39 établissements publics stratégiques du Royaume.

Elle joue un rôle catalyseur dans le développement énergétique durable du Maroc et du continent africain, en assurant la promotion de la coopération sud-sud par un accompagnement d’aide à la décision de gouvernements africains, et par la dynamisation des collectivités territoriales à travers l’accompagnement de décideurs locaux dans le développement énergétique durable de leurs territoires.

En 2013, l’ADEREE gère plus de 300 millions de dirhams d’actif et 58 partenariats nationaux et internationaux, dédie aux ministères 5000 jours/homme d’accompagnement, propose 125 mesures d’efficacité énergétique, forme plus de 200 professionnels, accompagne 300 investisseurs, et sensibilise trois millions de marocains.

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www.aderee.ma