Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure Vehicle Terrain Performance Laboratory (VTPL) Computational Research for Energy Systems & Transport (CREST) Laboratory Center for Tire Research (CenTire) Center for Sustainable Transp. Infrastructure (CSTI) Guidance to Predict and Mitigate Dynamic Hydroplaning on Roadways - Project Update Gerardo W. Flintsch http://auto.howstuffworks.com/car-driving- safety/accidents-hazardous-conditions/hydroplaning.htm 29 th RPUG Conference Marriott Denver West, Golden, CO November 14 to 17, 2017
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Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Vehicle Terrain Performance Laboratory (VTPL)
Computational Research for Energy Systems & Transport (CREST) Laboratory
Center for Tire Research (CenTire)
Center for Sustainable Transp. Infrastructure (CSTI)
Guidance to Predict and Mitigate Dynamic Hydroplaning on
–A Hydroplaning Risk Assessment Tool • To provide highway engineers with practical and
simple means for assessing the impact of roadway geometric features on the accumulation of water on the pavement and determining the hydroplaning potential for existing or new roads.
–An Integrated Hydroplaning Model• Intermediate product, generated mainly for the
development of the simpler, more practical assessment tool.
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Research Approach Overview
Hydroplaning Potential
Enforcement & Traffic Control
Advice & Education
Pavement & Highway
Engineering
Mitigation Strategies
Previous Experimental Studies
Simulations
Naturalistic Driving
Crash Databases & Road Measurements
Mitigation Measures
Water Accumulation
Vehicle Response
Tire Model
Tire‐water‐pavement
Interaction (CFD)
Vehicle Dynamics
Water Film Thickness
Driver Response Speed
Road Model 3D Road
surfacemodel
Integrated Hydroplaning Model
Speed Limits
Maneuver
Tire Characteristics- Type- Condition
Weather Conditions- Rainfall
Road Characteristics- Geometry- Smoothness
Texture- Drainability
Vehicle Characteristics- Type of vehicle- Safety Features
Inputs Verification & Validation
Hydroplaning RiskAssessment Tool
Simple relationships between road characteristics, vehicle speed and water film thickness and hydroplaning potential
HydroplaningRisk
Current Ongoing Efforts
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Vehicle Terrain Performance Laboratory (VTPL)
Computational Research for Energy Systems & Transport (CREST) Laboratory
Center for Tire Research (CenTire)
Center for Sustainable Transp. Infrastructure (CSTI)
Water Film Model
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation11
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Wat
er F
low
Mod
els
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Water Film Thickness Modeling
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Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Straight Alignment
Curves
Transitions
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Mesh Definition and Initial Verification Work
Proctor (1986) measured WFT on a 30-ft. by 15-ft.
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Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Water Film Thickness Sensitivity Analysis
Modeled Transitions
15
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Longitudinal Slope
16
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
(preliminary results)
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Example of Preliminary Results
17
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Vehicle Terrain Performance Laboratory (VTPL)
Computational Research for Energy Systems & Transport (CREST) Laboratory
Center for Tire Research (CenTire)
Center for Sustainable Transp. Infrastructure (CSTI)
Initial Boundary conditions: Inflow (water and air): Velocity inlet, Vz=-40 kph; VOF wave Outflow (water and air): Atmospheric pressure Pavement: Non-slip wall, Vz=-40 kph Side and top surfaces: Free-slip wall Tire: Non-slip wall, Local rotation rate, ωY=61.19 rad/s
x
YZ
Inflow
Outflow
Pavement Level
Y
VZ
Water Level
X – toward pavement;Y – cross stream direction;Z – car travel direction.
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Effects of water film (preliminary results)
6
Water 5 mmWater 0 mm
Water 8 mm Water 30 mm
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Water splash WFT= 8 mm
WFT= 30 mm
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Velocity Vectors
8
WFT= 8 mm
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
FSI model with slip angle 2º
10
xY
Z
Inflow
Outflow
Pavement Level
Y
Road
Water Level
Operating conditions: Water film velocity: [0.0, ‐0.6239262, ‐17.867] m/s Inflow velocity [0.0, ‐0.6239262, ‐17.867] m/s Pavement: [0.0, ‐0.6239262, ‐17.867] m/s Side and top surfaces: Free‐slip wall Tire: Local rotation rate, ωY=61.19 rad/s
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Pressure: effects of slip angle
12
Slip angle 2º Water film: 5 mm
Slip angle 0º Water film: 5 mm
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Effect on contact patch and water splashing
Front
Side
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Hydroplaning Vehicle Simulator
Hydroplaning Vehicle Simulator allows the user to do a batch simulation by changingthe CarSim simulation factors (vehicle type, road characteristic, maneuver, and tiremodels) automatically by writing CarSim own code file (.par file)
ExportImport
Hydroplaning Vehicle Simulator
Batch of Simulation Cases
1. G Matrix2. Text File with
the simulation information
MATLABWriting .Par files
CARSIMSimulation
SIMULINKData Processing
Vehicle Dynamic Simulation (preliminary)
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Vehicle Cornering Simulation
Vehicle Braking Simulation
Hydroplaning Vehicle Simulator & G Value
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Proposed Approach
31
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Performance Margin
Hydroplaning Potential
Hydroplaning Risk
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Vehicle Terrain Performance Laboratory (VTPL)
Computational Research for Energy Systems & Transport (CREST) Laboratory
Center for Tire Research (CenTire)
Center for Sustainable Transp. Infrastructure (CSTI)
Expected Products
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation32
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Water Film ThicknessSimplified Water Film Thickness Prediction