PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR SLAVERY SLAVERY DISCOVERY OF NEW DISCOVERY OF NEW WORLD WORLD INDIANS FIRST INDIANS FIRST TRIANGULAR TRADE TRIANGULAR TRADE “MOLASSAS TO RUM “MOLASSAS TO RUM TO SLAVES” TO SLAVES” NORTH & SOUTH NORTH & SOUTH IDEAOLOGY IDEAOLOGY
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PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR SLAVERYSLAVERY
DISCOVERY OF DISCOVERY OF NEW WORLDNEW WORLD
INDIANS FIRSTINDIANS FIRST TRIANGULAR TRIANGULAR
TRADE “MOLASSAS TRADE “MOLASSAS TO RUM TO TO RUM TO SLAVES”SLAVES”
NORTH & SOUTH NORTH & SOUTH IDEAOLOGYIDEAOLOGY
Loose Pack v Tight PackLoose Pack v Tight Pack
ALL MEN ARE CREATED ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL?EQUAL?
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCEDECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE MORAL DILEMMAMORAL DILEMMA CHANCE TO SOLVE THE ISSUE ONCE CHANCE TO SOLVE THE ISSUE ONCE
AND FOR ALLAND FOR ALL
3/5ths COMPROMISE3/5ths COMPROMISE
CONSTITUTIONCONSTITUTION PROPERTYPROPERTY
COTTON GINCOTTON GIN
ELI WHITNEY ELI WHITNEY AND MASS AND MASS PRODUCTONPRODUCTON
SEPERATE SEEDSSEPERATE SEEDS INCREASE OF INCREASE OF
COTTON COTTON PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION
NEGATIVE NEGATIVE EFFECTSEFFECTS
EXPLOSION OF GROWTHEXPLOSION OF GROWTH
Cotton Production
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860
Year
Thou
sand
s of
Bal
es o
f Cot
ton
EXPLOSION OF GROWTHEXPLOSION OF GROWTHGrowth of Slavery
““In the gloomiest moment of the In the gloomiest moment of the revolutionary war, I never had any revolutionary war, I never had any (fears) equal to what I feel from (fears) equal to what I feel from this source... Every new irritation this source... Every new irritation will make it deeper and deeper... will make it deeper and deeper... We have a wolf by the ears, and We have a wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him nor we can neither hold him nor safely let him go.” 1820safely let him go.” 1820
DESIRE FOR DESIRE FOR STATEHOOD 1819STATEHOOD 1819
TALLMADGE TALLMADGE AMENDMENTAMENDMENT
BALANCE OF BALANCE OF POWERPOWER
MAINE APPLIESMAINE APPLIES
HENRY CLAYHENRY CLAY EXPANSION OF EXPANSION OF
SLAVERY?SLAVERY? COMPROMISECOMPROMISE 36* 30’36* 30’ WHO BENEFITTED?WHO BENEFITTED? PREDICT THE PREDICT THE
FUTUREFUTURE
TEXAS / MEXICAN WARTEXAS / MEXICAN WAR
EXPANSIONEXPANSION ALAMOALAMO WAR WITH MEXICOWAR WITH MEXICO ““CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE” CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE” GROWTH OF SLAVERY?GROWTH OF SLAVERY? LAND WON OR STOLEN?LAND WON OR STOLEN? GADSDEN PURCHASE OF 1853GADSDEN PURCHASE OF 1853
COMPROMISE OF 1850COMPROMISE OF 1850
MANIFEST DESTINEYMANIFEST DESTINEY CALIFORNIA 1849 AND STATEHOODCALIFORNIA 1849 AND STATEHOOD MISSOURI COMPROMISEMISSOURI COMPROMISE POPULAR SOVEREIGNTYPOPULAR SOVEREIGNTY HENRY CLAYHENRY CLAY FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW OF 1850FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW OF 1850 NORTH AND SOUTH HAPPY???NORTH AND SOUTH HAPPY???
ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENTABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT
AGAINIST SLAVERYAGAINIST SLAVERY WILLIAM LLOYD WILLIAM LLOYD
GARRISON THE GARRISON THE LIBERATOR, and THE LIBERATOR, and THE ANTI-SLAVERY ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETYSOCIETY
Roger B. Taney-Chief Justice of U.S. Roger B. Taney-Chief Justice of U.S. Supreme CourtSupreme Court
Slaves are propertySlaves are property A slave owner can take his A slave owner can take his
“property” anywhere he goes.“property” anywhere he goes. Violation of 4Violation of 4thth Amendment Rights Amendment Rights Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise
Illinois Senate SeatIllinois Senate Seat Douglas wants to run Douglas wants to run
for President 1860for President 1860 Series of DebatesSeries of Debates Lincoln starts slow Lincoln starts slow
but gains strengthbut gains strength Douglas wins Douglas wins
election, but Lincoln election, but Lincoln gains national gains national recognitionrecognition
Abraham Lincoln 1858Abraham Lincoln 1858
““In my opinion, it will not cease until In my opinion, it will not cease until a crisis shall have been reached and a crisis shall have been reached and passed. A house divided against itself passed. A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the house to fail—but I do not expect the house to fail—but I do expect it will cease to be I do expect it will cease to be divided”divided”
Election of 1860Election of 1860
Election 1860Election 1860
Abraham Lincoln---RepublicanAbraham Lincoln---RepublicanStephen Douglas---Northern DemocratStephen Douglas---Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge-Southern John C. Breckinridge-Southern
DemocratDemocrat John Bell—Constitutional Union PartyJohn Bell—Constitutional Union Party
Democrats and Bell split their support Democrats and Bell split their support allowing Lincoln to win! Did not win a allowing Lincoln to win! Did not win a single southern state!single southern state!
The South Secedes
• President Buchanan does little to stop the movement
• Dec. 20, 1860 South Carolina leads the way followed by MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX.
• Form the Confederate States of America
States RightsStates Rights
Slavery is “our” way of lifeSlavery is “our” way of lifeWe have a “right” to determine what is We have a “right” to determine what is
best for our statebest for our stateWe don’t interfere with what you do in the We don’t interfere with what you do in the
“North”, so don’t interfere with us in the “North”, so don’t interfere with us in the SouthSouth
States Rights is the real issue, but slavery States Rights is the real issue, but slavery will be the driving mechanism of this will be the driving mechanism of this conflict known as the U.S. Civil Warconflict known as the U.S. Civil War
SourcesSources
Isabelle Aguet, A Pictorial History of the Isabelle Aguet, A Pictorial History of the Slave Trade (Geneva, Editions Minerva, Slave Trade (Geneva, Editions Minerva, 1971), plate 64, p.71; original source not 1971), plate 64, p.71; original source not identified identified
Published in Anthony Tibbles (ed.), Published in Anthony Tibbles (ed.), Transatlantic Slavery: Against Human Transatlantic Slavery: Against Human Dignity (London: HMSO, 1994), p. 154, fig. Dignity (London: HMSO, 1994), p. 154, fig. 140. 140.