GROWTH OF ONLINE TRADING IN INDIA

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AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

AMITY UNIVESITY, UTTAR PRADESH

SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT ON TITLE

“GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE TRADING IN INDIA”

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:SHIVAM GUPTA Mr.Vishal Sharma MBA (M&S-09) Area Sales Manager9312923992 Sharekhan [email protected]

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

http://amity.edu/admission/default.asp

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First of all I would like to thank the Management of SHAREKHAN LTD. for giving me the

opportunity to do my two-month project training in their esteemed organization. I am highly

obliged to MR. VISHAL SHARMA (AREA SALES MANAGER) AND MR. PANKAJ

KUMAR (ASSISTANT MANAGER) for granting me to undertake my training at Sector-18

NOIDA branch.

I express my thanks to all Sales Managers under whose able guidance and direction, I was able to

give shape to my training. Their constant review and excellent suggestions throughout the project

are highly commendable.

My heartfelt thanks go to all the executives who helped me to gain knowledge about the actual

working and the processes involved in various departments.

I would also like to sincerely thank my faculty guide Mr. Jitendra Kumar whose guidance has helped me to understand and complete my project in a timely and proper manner.

SHIVAM GUPTA

CONTENTS PAGE NO.


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Executive summary 4Research Objectives 5Research Methodology 6Limitations 10Introduction-Sharekhan 11Online Trading 15Literature Review 27Data Analysis 43Conclusion 70Recommendations 71Industry Relevance 72Learnings 73Bibliography 74 Appendix 75

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

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As per the title suggest the project report has been prepared regarding the growth and development of online trading in India. Online trading was initiated by NSE in India and soon after the other exchanges also followed it. There was a major boom in yr. 2000 when lots of online trading companies came with a bang but only few were survived because of lack of computer knowledge and low internet penetration.

There are two types of online trading companies one is the banking online trading companies and the other is non-banking trading.A few examples of banking online trading companies are HDFC securities, ICICI direct.com, UTI securities etc.On the other hand non banking trading companies are sharekhan.com, Angel Broking, Reliance Money etc.

Today online trading contributes are about 8-10%. It is continuously growing and has a huge market potential.

A study was undertaken to determine the growth of various online trading companies in India in terms of trade done by them through online and services provided by them.

Major findings indicates that out of a survey of 100 respondents it was seen that 77 investors prefer online trading because of few major factors such as time saving convenience, protection through Freudian brokers etc. although during my research project I’ve seen that most of the respondents feel online trading, a secure way of investing into stock market still a few of them feel it unsafe and a bit complicated but they posses information about online trading.

Today the online trading companies having cut-throat competition in our offering whose brokerage discounts lower margin money and zero balance accounts.

Due to the rising education awareness and use of internet there is a huge potential for online trading in future and companies must come up with innovative offerings to capture the untapped market.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

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The objectives of my research project has been-

1. To determine the growth and development of online trading in India.

2. To understand the customer perception of online trading.

3. To see the type of technology used by stock exchanges and by the Indian customer in online trading.

4. To determine what type of products the customers deal while doing the online trading.

5. To understand the presence of major online traders in the Indian market and looking about the features provided by them.


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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY


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TITLE:To determine the “GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ONLINE TRADING IN INDIA”

TITLE JUSTIFICATION :

The above title is self explanatory. This study mainly deals with growth of online trading in India

since its inception in the year 2000.The trading volumes of stock exchange has increased since

then and the services offered by the online stock traders has facilitated the Indian Customer. The

level of Indian stock trading through online has been increasing and provides a vast scope for the

future.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Since the year 2000 a big boom has been witnessed in the Indian Stock Market when the market

showed the coming up of Online Trading System. Many online stock trading companies came but

initially due to lack of online trading some companies vanished and some survived. The

companies which survived are getting the handsome returns also attracting the foreign Investment

Companies. Nowadays this sector is facing cut-throat competition and also provides huge growth

prospects. The study then goes to evaluate and analyze the findings so as to present a clear picture

of the trends in the online trading sector.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The 100 people have been interviewed through various sources and their responses have been

analyzed. This data can be explorated to take in the trends all Indian Online Stock Trading Industry.

The significance for the Industry lies in studying the growth trends that emerge from the study. It is

one of the fastest growing and evolving sectors.


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RESEARCH DESIGN

NON-PROBABILITY

The non –probability respondents have been researched by selecting the persons who does

the stock trading. Those persons who do not trade in stocks have not been interviewed.

EXPLORATORY AND DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

The research is primarily both exploratory and descriptive in nature. The sources of

information are both primary and secondary. The secondary data has been taken by

referring to various magazines, newspapers and journals online through the help of the

internet to get the figures required for the research purposes.

The objective of the exploratory research is to gain insights and ideas.

The objective of the descriptive research study is typically concerned with determining the

frequency with which something occurs.

A well structured questionnaire was prepared for the primary research and personal interviews were

conducted to collect the responses of the target population.


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SAMPLING METHODOLOGY

Sampling Technique:

Initially, a rough draft was prepared a pilot study was done to check to check the accuracy of the

Questionnaire and certain changes were done to prepare the final questionnaire to make it more

judgmental.

Sampling Unit:

The respondents who were asked to fill out the questionnaire in the National Capital Region are the

sampling units. These respondents comprise of the persons dealing in stock trading. The people

have been interviewed in the open market, in front of the companies, telephonic interviews and

through other sources also.

Sample Size:

The sample size was restricted to only 100 respondents.

Sampling Area:

The area of the research was National Capital Region (NCR).


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LIMITATIONS

The various limitations of the study are:

There is lack of awareness among people about investing in stock market. So the people

who are aware of such things were found in specific areas for survey purposes.

Most people are comfortable with traditional system in small towns and like to trade from

their respective brokers, hence not providing a true opinion of theirs.

Most of the people they are not techno savvy. Though Internet penetration is growing still

it is not at the required level.

Some of the respondents who did not do online trading were able to respond to only some

questions.

The survey was done in the NCR region and may not truly express the opinion of whole

country


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INTRODUCTION

SHAREKHAN BACKGROUND

Sharekhan is one of the leading retail brokerage of SSKI Group which was running sucessfully since 1922 in the country. It is the retail broking arm of the Mumbai-based SSKI Group, which has over eight decades of experience in the stock broking business. Sharekhan offers its customers a wide range of equity related services including trade execution on BSE, NSE, Derivatives, depository services, online trading, investment advice etc.

The firm’s online trading and investment site - www.sharekhan.com - was launched on Feb 8, 2000. The site gives access to superior content and transaction facility to retail customers across the country. Known for its jargon-free, investor friendly language and high quality research, the site has a registered base of over one lakh customers. The number of trading members currently stands at over 6.5Lacs. While online trading currently accounts for just over 2 per cent of the daily trading in stocks in India, Sharekhan alone accounts for 22 per cent of the volumes traded online.

The content-rich and research oriented portal has stood out among its contemporaries because of its steadfast dedication to offering customers best-of-breed technology and superior market information. The objective has been to let customers make informed decisionsand to simplify the process of investing in stocks.

On April 17, 2002 Sharekhan launched Speed Trade, a net-based executable application that emulates the broker terminals along with host of other information relevant to the Day Traders. This was for the first time that a net-based trading station of this caliber was offered to the traders. In the last six months SpeedTrade has become a de facto standard for the Day Trading community over the net.

Sharekhan’s ground network includes over 750 branches in 315 cities in India, .

Sharekhan has always believed in investing in technology to build its business. The company has used some of the best-known names in the IT industry, like Sun Microsystems, Oracle, Microsoft, Cambridge Technologies, Nexgenix, Vignette, Verisign Financial Technologies India Ltd, Spider Software Pvt Ltd. to build its trading engine and content. The Morakhiya family holds a majority stake in the company. HSBC, Intel & Carlyle are the other investors.

With a legacy of more than 80 years in the stock markets, the SSKI group ventured into institutional broking and corporate finance 18 years ago. Presently SSKI is one of the leading players in institutional broking and corporate finance activities. SSKI holds a sizeable portion of the market in each of these segments. SSKI’s institutional broking arm accounts for 7% of the market for Foreign Institutional portfolio investment and 5% of all Domestic Institutional portfolio investment in the country. It has 60 institutional clients spread over India, Far East, UK and US. Foreign Institutional Investors generate about 65% of the organization’s revenue, with a daily turnover of over US$ 2 million. The Corporate Finance section has a list of very prestigious clients and has many ‘firsts’ to its credit, in terms of the size of deal, sector tapped etc. The group has placed over US$ 1 billion in private equity deals. Some of the clients include BPL Cellular Holding, Gujarat Pipavav, Essar, Hutchison, Planetasia, and Shopper’s Stop.


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PRODUCTS OFFERED BY SHAREKHAN

1- Equity in online and offline trading.2- Portfolio Management Services.3- Offline & online Trade in Commodities and Derivatives..4- Mutual Fund Advisory& Insurance..

REASONS TO CHOOSE SHAREKHAN LIMITED

Experience

SSKI has more than eight decades of trust and credibility in the Indian stock market. In the Asia Money broker's poll held recently, SSKI won the 'India's best broking house for 2004' award. Ever since it launched Sharekhan as its retail broking division in February 2000, it has been providing institutuonal-level research and broking services to individual invcestors.

Technology

With ShareKhans online trading account you can buy and sell shares in an instant from any PC with an internet connection. PesonYou will get access to ShareKhans powerful online trading tools that will help him take complete control over your investment in shares.

Accessibility

Sharekhan provides ADVICE, EDUCATION, TOOLS AND EXECUTION servies for investors. These services are accessible through ShareKhans centres across the country (Over 588 locations in 148 cities) over the internet (through the website www.sharekhan.com) as well as over the Voice Tool.

Knowledge

In a business where the right information at the right time can translate into direct profits, client gets access to a wide range of information on our content-rich portal, sharekhan.Client will also get a useful set of knowledge-based tools that will empower you to take informed decisions.

Convenience

One can call ShareKhans Dial-N-Trade number to get investment advice and execute your transactions. We have a dedicated call-centre to provide this service via a Toll Free Number 1800-22-7500 & 1800-22-7050 from anywhere in India.

Customer Service

ShareKhans customer service team will assist you for any help that you need relating to transactions, billing, demat and other queries. Our customer service can be contracted via a toll-free number, email or live chat on www.sharekhan.com.


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Investment Advice

Sharekhan has dedicated research teams of more than 30 people for fundamental and technical researchs. Our analysts constantly track the pulse of the market and provide timely investment advice to you in the form of daily research emails, online chat, printed reports and SMS on your mobile phone.

Benefits

Free Depository A/c Secure Order by Voice Tool Dial-n-Trade. Automated Portfolio to keep track of the value of your actual purchases. 24x7 Voice Tool acess to your trading account. Personalised Price and Account Alerts delivered instantly to your Cell Phone & E-mail

address. Special Personal Inbox for order and trade confirmations. On-line Customer Service via Web Chat. Anytime Ordering.

ShareKhan offers the following products:-

CLASSIC ACCOUNT

This is an User Friendly Product which allows the client to trade through website www.sharekhan.com and is suitable for the retail investor who is risk-averse and hence prefers to invest in stocks or who do not trade too frequently.

Features

Online trading account for investing in Equity and Derivatives via www.sharekhan.com Live Terminal and Single terminal for NSE Cash, NSE F&O & BSE. Integration of On-line trading, Saving Bank and Demat Account. Instant cash transfer facility against purchase & sale of shares. Competative transaction charges. Instant order and trade confirmation by E-mail. Streaming Quotes (Cash & Derivatives). Personlized market watch. Single screen interface for Cash and derivatives and more. Provision to enter price trigger and view the same online in market watch.

DIAL-N-TRADE

Along with enabling access for trading online, the CLASSIC ACCOUNT also gives Dial-n Trade serives. With this service, all the cutomer has to do is dial our dedicated phone lines 1-800-22-7050, 3030-7600.


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PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT SERVICES

1. ProPrime: - Research & Fundamental Analysis. 2. ProTech: - Technical Analysis.

-Thrifty Nifty-Beta Portfolio

3. ProArbitrage: -Exploit price analysis

IPO ON-LINE

You can apply all the forthcoming ipo online hasselfree, paperless and time saving work.

Account Opening Charges(normal) Rs 49 +5000 margin cheque(refundable) Annual Maintanance Charges Rs. NIL first year Rs. 300/= p.a. from

second celender year onward

EXPOSURE : 4 TO 6.7 TIMES (ON MARGIN MONEY)

ONLINE FUND TRANSFER

Sharekhan have tie up with Eleven banks for online fund transfering i.e. HDFC, ICICI, IDBI, CITI, Union Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce, INDUSIND, UTI bank , Bank of india, Yes Bank and Centruion Bank of Punjab, for online money transfer.


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WHAT IS ONLINE TRADING

Online trading involves investment activity which takes place over the Internet and it does not require physical inclusion of the broker. An investor has to register with an online trading portal like ICICIdirect.com, motilaloswal.com and sharekhan.com and many companies like that and investor gets into an agreement with the firm to trade in different securities according to the terms and conditions given on the agreement. As the servers of the online trading portal are connected all the time to the stock exchanges and designated banks the order processing is done in real time and investors can also have updates on the trading. They can also check the status of their orders either through e-mail or through the interface that it cannot be accessed by a third party.Some options are usually given to users such as to link their bank account, Demat accounts and brokerage accounts into a single interface. A single window is also there for all exchanges and a single screen is there for the complete order routing mechanism. The hardware used comprises Web and application servers, switches, routers, firewalls and security devices, and specialized appliances. There are two broad models in play in the online brokerage space-

1. Bank-backed firms 2. Entrepreneur-floated firms.

Bank-backed brokerages such as ICICIdirect and HDFC Securities have expanded on the basis of their brand name and the trust of investors in them. The integrated 3-in-1 accounts offered by these bank-backed brokerages help their parent bank by giving it accounts along with float income.

In second case i.e Entrepreneur-backed companies like Sharekhan, Indiabulls, Religare and Indiainfoline have expanded by offering customers a mix of online and offline accounts, higher margin finance amounts and lower brokerage rates. Though the bank based has performed better but the latter have not lagged too far behind.

The reason why online trading has developed over conventional offline brokerage firms is that this conventional method struggled with unfavorable economies. Staff cost is just one example of it. As the markets opens for 330 minutes a day one dealer can at best execute 500 trades in a day while online company like ICICI direct executes 150,000-200,000 trades a day on the National Stock Exchange alone accounting for 3-4% of NSE trades of 5 million a day. It would require a large amount of dealers to service this demand. Besides the salary costs it would also demand huge expenses in real estate and support systems.

The offline model has got a downfall in the form of lower bandwidth and IT costs and the cost of bandwidth has fallen to one-eighth of what it was in 2000 giving online broking an advantage especially in the case of lower-volume retail investors. Today 30% of volumes on the NSE comes from this and it may go up to 50% in three-four years providing explosive growth for online broking in India.

To be a successful trading portal it will definitely depend on bouquet of services provided by it for an end-user. Most of the portals charge a small registration fee and brokerage based on various conditions but it's important for the organization to keep focussed on customer-centric services and delivery models to actually enjoy the most attention.


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THE EMERGENCE OF E-BROKING IN INDIA

The Indian trader is being fancied by the democratized world of online trading or also known as e-broking. The regular and attractive advertisements in the print media and electronic media have added to this fancy world.

But as we compare to the Western countries, in India online trading has not still grasped the market , but has done a very important amount of progress in the past years and the future of online trading is bright. That is why many new companies are coming into this form of business structure and the existing companies are changing to this new format besides offline and other traditional forms of business. With only a mere share of 10% online trading a combined gross turnover of around Rs. 9000-10,000 crores handled by the BSE and NSE together there is a much greater scope for online trading. At present some of the dominant players in the online trading market of share market are –

1. Sharekhan.com2. Icicidirect.com3. Unicon4. 5paisa.com5. Indiabulls6. Kotak Securities7. Motilal Oswal8. Geojit Securities9. Angel Trade10. Reliance Money11. Religare12. Karvy13. IL&FS

Earlier the share market was not safe enough to invest but some of the changes in the past ten years in the Indian share market have created the interest of trading in the shares by the people. Broadly we can classify three important factors which have contributed to the development of online trading in India-

Firstly the major step was taken by the National Stock Exchange (NSE) in the year 1994 which allowed the electronic trading and seeing to this various other stock exchanges in India followed soon. This helped in making the fast .accurate and transparent transactions saving a lot of time then the traditional method of trading. The investors were also saved by the clutches of the fraud brokers at the times when the clients were not aware of the true prices of the shares.

Secondly, in the year 1996 the dematerialization of the shares came (also known as DEMAT) which avoided the online presence of shares in an electronic form avoiding them from theft, pilferage or from other losses like counterfeiting and frauds regarding share transfer.

The third reason was the rapid growth of computer education and learning of internet by the people. With the evolving of internet the online trading became a hit and the investors became confident in investing just with a click of a mouse.


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With the happening of such events the ratio of trading has improved a lot. As it takes less time people praise this technology for trading purposes. Some people who traded rarely now even trades 2-3 times every day as it provides edge of researching about companies on the internet. The number of small investors is increasing on the daily basis that trades on the internet.If a person invests or trades in equities, derivatives, commodities etc through the use Internet it is known as online trading enabling the investor to connect electronically to buy or sell stocks, derivatives etc with the other investors. This can be done with the help of online service providers like Sharekhan.com, ICICI Direct.com etc. A person can access a stockbroker's website through an PC connected to Internet and can place his orders. The benefits are-.• A person can see the latest market movement through streaming quotes.• Reduces time lag due to self-execution and instant confirmation.• Empowers traders to have a complete control over their trading decisions. • A person can access his accounts and related information on the Website. • Provides greater convenience of trade as a person can trade from home or other convenient

location. • It is cheap in terms of cost associated and offers reduction in overheads • A trader can view the historical charts on his computer.

The Internet revolution has changed the way to communicate and the way to do business in today’s society bringing us closer and closer to vital sources of information. It provides us with means to directly interact with service-oriented computer systems tailored to our specific needs; therefore, we can serve ourselves better by making our own decisions.

This new access by the online trading customers to low-cost transactions and cutting-edge, real-time market information that formerly belonged only to brokers has opened up extraordinary new investment opportunities as well as a crucial need for state-of-the-art information.

Today the investors use the Internet Client-Server technology to buy and sell the securities at an instant at any point of time. People investing online have reached the proportions. Online trading allows an investor to buy and sell shares on the exchange through Internet and helps in the direct control of his investments.


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The data of the startup dates by some of the brokers in India and charges charged by them are shown in the table as below:

TABLE 1: LAUNCH DATE AND FEATURES OF ONLINE BROKERS

LAUNCH DATE

MARGINS

(%)

BROKERAGE(DELIVERY)*

BROKERAGE

(TRADING)%

MIN. BROKERAG

E (RS)

REGD. CHARGES (RS)

BANK DEPOSITORY

ENCRYPTION

LEVEL (BIT)

SHAREKHAN Febuary-2000

25 0.25 # 0.1 16

500 HDFC or GTB

own DP 128

INVESTMART Febuary2000

25-30 0.75 0.25 25 910 HDFC own DP 128

GEOJITSECURITIESFebuary20-

00 30 0.5 0.07 NA NAHDFC /CitiBank

own DP 40

FGLOBAL NYS* 25-30 1 0.11 10 paisa/share

750 HDFC own DP 128

ICICIDIRECT April-2000 100 0.20 - 0.85

0.43 25 750 ICICI own DP 128

EQUITYTRADE July-2000 25 0.5 0.1 NA 2000HDFC /CitiBank

HDFC 40

KOTAK SECURITIES August-2000 33 0.25 0.1 NA 500HDFC/CitiBank

own DP 40

ANANDRATHIDIRECT

September2000 25 0.25 0.05 NA NA

HDFC/CitiBank

own DP 128

MONEYPORE September2000

40 0.5 0.05-0.1+ NA 1000 HDFC any 40

MOTILALOSWAL NYS* 300.3

- 0.4 0.1 50 NAHDFC /CitiBank

own DP 40

# or Rs1000 per monthl * Operations not yet seamless l+ statutory charges


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(Source: Capital Market)

ANGEL BROKING

The Angel Group which was started in 1987 has two corporate memberships on BSE and one on NSE with net worth of Rs 1,600 mln today. It has one of the top positions with a network of 102 terminals across the country and an average daily volume of Rs 1,500 mln. The Group also serves as clearing members of BSE and NSE for the derivatives segment. Mr Dinesh Thakkar, CMD, states that Internet-based trading with efficient support systems, smooth and glitch-free back-end operations and up-to-the-minute market reports and analysis boosts confidence of the investor. Thakkar feels introducing rolling settlement will ensures timely settlement for a real investor and the speculator also won’t suffer much on account of the underlying mechanism of daily badla or a continuous net settlement system. Angel broking is a registered as a depository participant with CDSL.

Angel's retail stock broking house offers the following services-.

E-broking Investment Advisory Portfolio Management Services Wealth Management Services Commodities Trading

Trades In both BSE and NSE.

The company provides 4 trading platforms, 2 are browser based & 2 are application based.

Angel investor: It is a browser based trading platform. The rates are updated on clicking the refresh button. This facility ensures it is not blocked by firewall which is useful for investor who needs to access information from places where firewall blocks such data.

Angel Trade It is a browser based trading platform in which the rates are updated automatically. This platform is useful for investors & traders to access market from different terminals.

Angel Diet It is an application based trading platform where rates are updated automatically and segments are available on a single screen making it an ideal platform for the daily traders.

Angel Anywhere


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It is an application based trading platform where rates are updated automatically. This is ideal for investors & traders who are inclined towards trading based on charts & technical tools.

Brokerage and fees:1. Account opening fees:

Stock trading account - Rs 575/- Demat account - Rs 200/- Commodity Trading - Rs 625/-

2. Brokerage: For trade up to the range of Rs 1 - 3 Crore:Cash Based: 0.50%Day trading: 0.05%Derivatives: 0.05%For trade more than Rs 3 Crore, brokerage is about 0.03%.

ICICIDIRECT.COM

ICICI Direct.com is one of the leaders in Internet-based trading segment in India. It has complete seamlessness as far the three intermediaries’ i.e. Banks, depositories and brokers. The trading platform is divided mainly into a trading centre, allocation of funds and demats view status, which allows easy buying and selling, order book and cash and security projection on the screen. Many other features like news regarding stocks and other points such as stock watch, technical reports, market information, etc facilitates investors a lot. ICICI Direct started its operations on 17 Apr. 2000 and provides integrated services of banking, depository services and e-broking.. E-trading has reduced the paperwork and when the makes any buying or selling transactions on the settlement date, it is electronically debited or credited in the customers a/c. ICICI Direct offers the SSL with 128-bit encryption. Bagchi of ICICI Direct states that there should be clarity about the concept and enforcement of digital signatures, differing technologies and standardization of these technologies for a seamless experience for the customer. Improved and secured online payment systems have added to the benefits of online trading.

ANAND RATHI SECURITIES

Anand Rathi Securities is a new-generation securities firm, but one of the fastest growing ones. It has four seats on BSE and one seat on NSE. The firm is today a large and established player across all business segments of retail and institutional broking, investment banking and advisory services with a highly professional and motivated team of over 200 people comprising a research wing with a team of 10 analysts tracking close to 150 companies. The firm is known for its professional approach in the business of stock broking and recognized for its transparency and integrity. It has almost 40,000 retail customers through 75 franchisees in nearly 50 cities. On the wholesale broking front, it has relationships with close to 75 institutional investors in India and abroad. Total traded


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volume on BSE and NSE for FY 2000 exceeded Rs 40,000 cr. The company took the Internet trading initiative in Sep. 2000. On whether Net trading encourages speculation in the markets, says Amit Rahti, director, Says, “Net trading doesn’t really change the fundamental nature of any equity market. Greed and fear have always ruled the markets for decades and Net trading will not change that or exaggerate that to any significant extent. In fact, through real-time information dissemination, it may bring price adjustments more quickly, making the markets a little more efficient.”

GEOJIT SECURITIES

Geojit Securities has the distinction of being the first to commence Internet trading in the country in Feb. 2000. It is a retail stock brokerage firm catering to over 1,00,000 investors through its 50 branches across the country. All the branches are linked through VSAT and lease lines for reliable and instant connectivity. Recently, HDFC Bank and Geojit announced the launching of the order level fund transfer system for Internet trading. The company has plans for expansion as well as a slew of new products. Retail stock broking has been Geojit’s core activity since its inception in 1987. Of a total of 80-100 crores daily turnover, around two crores constitute trades on the Internet. The company has 10,000 registered members. The company thinks that the existing client base would be its real wealth as they are the main prospects for the future and they could be converted into Internet trading mode.

Trade In: BSE and NSE

Online Stock Trading Platforms:

Geojit offers 2 different online trading platforms to its customers:

1. Gold

Online browser based (website) stock trading platform by Geojit. This platform is suitable for low volume stock market investors who want flexibility to trade any where they go. This is kind of standard browser based trading platforms available by its competitors. Stock quotes in this web based application refreshes every second and provide latest update from the market.

2. Platinum

Installable terminal based trading account by Geojit. This trading terminal is suitable for high volume intraday traders. Quotes are refreshes and orders are executed much faster then browser based trading websites.Brokerage and Account opening fees:

Account opening fees: Rs 500/- one time non refundable.

Brokerage:

1. For delivery based trading, Geojit brokerage is 0.30% for trading less then 10 lakhs a month and reduces for more volume.

2. For Intra-day trading, Geojit brokerage is 0.030% for trading less then 2 Crores a month and reduces for more volume.


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3. For F&O trading, Geojit brokerage is Rs 75/- per lot less then 9 Crores a month and reduces for more volume.

MOTILAL OSWAL SECURITIES

Motilal Oswal Securities Ltd. (MOSt) was founded in 1987 and has presence in 200 cities through 400 outlets. It provides advice-based broking (equities and derivatives), portfolio management services (PMS), e-Broking, depository services, commodities trading, IPO and mutual fund investment advisory services. Motilal Oswal E-Broking is complete online stock trading solution for Indian stock market. Following are the features of its e-trading-

1. Easy single screen trader with instant trade confirmation similar to exchange based trading terminals.

2. Provides access to various online reports like margin report, Demat A/c details, trades executed, turnover report, net position report with market to market profit/loss and realized profit.

3. Facilitate online transfer funds through HDFC Bank.Motilal Oswal Securities Ltd. (MOSt) is one of the best broking houses in India. Founded in 1987, MOSt has in 200 cities through 400 outlets. MOSt provide advice-based broking (equities and derivatives), portfolio management services (PMS), e-Broking, depository services, commodities trading, IPO and mutual fund investment advisory services.

RELIANCE MONEY

RelianceMoney.com is the financial services division of the Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group which is being promoted by Reliance Capital Limited offering most dynamic web based trading environment to its clients filling up the gap between old online trading companies in India and their customers.It uses features such as SECURITY TOKEN makes you online trading experience more secure without complexity Reliance Money (or RelianceMoney.com) is the financial services division of the Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group promoted Reliance Capital Limited. RelianceMoney.com offers most dynamic web based trading environment to its customers. The new trading platform has many new features which basically fill up the gap between old online trading companies in India and their customers. In Reliance money one can invest in-

1. Equity (Stock) Trading 2. Derivatives Trading 3. Forex Trading 4. Commodity Trading 5. IPO's 6. Mutual Funds 7. Insurance

Type of Account


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Reliance money offers 3 types of accounts to its customers. Account for beginners, for middlers and for experts.

Brokerage and fees:

Reliance Money offers lowest brokerage rates in today's online stock trading industry in India. The brokerages are as low as 0.075% for delivery based trading and 0.02 for now delivery.

RELIGARE

Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited promotes the Religare as a part of its financial product and service provider Company. Religare provides services in three areas including Retail, Wealth management and the Institutional spectrum. It offers services like equities, commodities, insurance broking, wealth advisory, portfolio management services, personal finance services, Investment banking and institutional broking services. Religare has more than 900 locations across in more than 300 cities and towns in India. Religare Securities Limited deals in services like online trading at BSE and NSE, Derivatives, commodities, IPO, Mutual fund, Investment banking and institutional broking services.

Religare Enterprises Limited is Ranbaxy Laboratories Limited promoted financial product and service provider company.

Religare provide its service in three different segments including Retail, Wealth management and the Institutional spectrum. It offers wide range of services including equities, commodities, insurance broking, wealth advisory, portfolio management services, personal finance services, Investment banking and institutional broking services. Religare retail network spreads across more than 900 locations across more than 300 cities and towns in India.

Type of Account

R-ACE (Basic) It's the basic online trading account provided by Religare. Investor can trade and access their account information online and over the phone as well.This account comes with a browser based online trading platform and no additional software installation needed. This type of account also provides Lifetime free DP account with no annual maintenance charges.

R-ACE Lite (Advanced) It's the advanced account option for the investor with Religare. This trading account provides the entire feature of R-ACE (Basic) account. In addition it also provides real-time streaming stock quotes and alerts. This trading platform is also browser based and no software installation is needed.

R-ACE Pro (Professional) As the name indicates this account is for high volume traders. Along with the features from above 2 accounts, this account also comes with a Trading Terminal, software which needs to install on your computer. This terminal directly connects the investor to stock market and having all industry standard Treading terminal features including technical charting (intra-day and EOD), multiple watch list, advanced hot-key functions for faster trading, derivative chains, futures & options


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calculator. As in basic and advance account, trading is available online through internet and offline though phone.

Brokerage and Account opening fees:Religare offers three kinds of accounts as above. Below are detail about fees and activation charges for each account:

R-ACE

-Account activation charges Rs.299/-.-Minimum margin of Rs.5000/- required.

R-ACE Lite-Account activation charges Rs.499/-.-Minimum margin of Rs.5000/- required.

R-ACE Pro-Account activation charges Rs.999/-.-Minimum margin of Rs.10,000/- required.-All the account comes with free annual maintenance charge.-All account comes with free DP account.

On the basis of volume and frequency of trading, Religare provide different options for brokerages. On the broader way they divided into three categories:

Classic AccountIntraday brokerage varies from 0.3% to 0.5%.Delivery brokerage varies from 0.30% to 0.50%.Derivatives brokerage varies from 0.3% to 0.5%.

Freedom Account In this payment scheme, investor has to pay a fix amount in advance for Monthly (Rs 500/-), Quarterly (Rs.1400), Half-yearly (Rs 2500) or Annual Subscription (Rs 4000). This one time payment enable account holder to trade for Rs. 3,00,000 intraday & derivative trading and Rs. 40,000 of delivery based trading for zero brokerage.

Trump Account Trump account has two payment options, Trump Plus and Trump Super plan:

1. Trump Plus has annual subscription fees of Rs 2,500, Brokerage on Delivery Trades of 0.25% and Brokerage on Intraday Trades & F&O Trades of 0.025%.2. Trump Super has annual subscription fees of Rs. 15,000, Brokerage on Delivery Trades of 0.15% and Brokerage on Intraday Trades & F&O Trades of 0.015%.


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KOTAK SECURITIES LIMITED

Kotak Mahindra Bank set up Kotak Securities Limited in the year 1994. Kotak Securities is a corporate member of both Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE) having a wide geographical reach. Kotak securities online trading, is the online trading portal of the Kotak Securities Ltd, the leading stock broking house of India. The online division of Kotak Securities Limited provides services like internet broking services, online IPO and mutual fund investments.

Trade In: BSE and NSE

Account Types:

Kotak offers different account types according to user’s requirement:

Kotak Gateway

Kotak securities gateway account opens the gateway to a world of investing opportunities for beginners. Kotak gateway user can trade anywhere, anytime using internet.Kotak also offers call and trade facility. They provide sms alert, research report, free news and market updates. Best feature of Kotak gateway is call and trade facility. Anybody can activate Kotak securities gateway account with any amount between Rs 20,000 to 5, 00,000. This can be in form of cash deposit or the value of the shares you buy. Brokerage will be charged based on the account type. For intraday trading brokerage is .06% both sides for less then 25 lakhs and .023% for more then 25 crores.

Kotak Privilege Circle This is the premium account for its users. Along with kotak gateway account benefits they provides independent market expertise and support through a dedicated relationship manager and a dedicated customer service desk which provides assistance in opening accounts, handling day-to-day problems, and more. They provides KEAT premium which is an exclusive online tool that lets you monitor what is happening in the market and view your gains and losses in real-time.One can activate Kotak securities privilege circle account with any amount more than Rs. 10, 00,000/- as margin, by way of cash or stock. For intraday trading brokerage is .06% both sides for less then 25 lakhs and .03% for more then 25 crores.

Kotak High Trader This is the best offer for daily trader or intraday traders. This is an Auto Square Off product where you can enjoy the benefits of intra-day trading. Trader can get the 6 times exposure on the margin.


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They provide all the benefits which kotak gateway and privilege account provides. Trader can apply paper free order for IPO. One can activate Kotak securities high trader with any amount less than Rs 5, 00,000/- as margin, by way of cash or stock. The minimum brokerage that is applicable in the Kotak high trader account is 4 paisa on delivery and 4 paisa in the cash segment.

Kotak Freeway Frequent trader use this account type because freeway account enables it’s users to trade as many times as they like - at a fixed brokerage.One can activate Kotak securities freeway with any amount less than Rs. 1, 25,000/- as margin, by way of cash or stock. They charge fixed brokerage of Rs.999/- a month and on delivery transaction brokerage is .59% on less then 1lakhs and .18% on more then 2 crores.

Kotak Flat This product is best suited for the needs of the Indian retail investor who actively invests through the internet. Kotak flat introduces the international trend of charging brokerages on per trade basis. Brokerage rate works up to 0.18% on delivery trades and 0.018% for intraday trades.

Kotak Assist This account most suits to long term investors. This account provides Complete assistance on all your financial investment.

Brokerage and Account opening fees:A trading account in Kotak requires you to have a minimum of Rs.1000 to start with, the bank account to have a minimum of Rs.2500.

Brokerage:

1. For Intra-day trading, Kotak brokerage is around 0.05%. 2. For delivery trading, Kotak brokerage is around 0.45%.

5 PAISA.COM

5paisa is Online Stock Trading Company of India Infoline Securities Private Ltd. Besides high quality investment advice from an experienced research team, the site offers real time stock quotes, market news and multiple tools for technical analysis.

Trades In: BSE and NSE

Trading Terminals:5Paisa offers 2 different online trading terminals to its customers: 1. Investor Terminal (IT)Investor Terminal is 5Paisa's equity trading terminal for low volume trader. This is web based terminal and could access from anywhere. This product provides limited features in comparison of Trader Terminal, which is another product provided by 5Paisa. 2. Trader Terminal (TT)Trader Terminal is for high volume equity traders. Trader Terminal provides high volume trading with powerful interface and fast order execution.


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Brokerage and Account opening fees:

Account opening fees: Rs 500/- onetime non refundable.

Brokerage:5 paisa offers charge only 5 paisa for Rs100 of intraday trade done, which is 0.05% brokerage. In case of in delivery trade, they charge an additional 0.20% for back office and securities handling.

LITERATURE REVIEW


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ONLINE TRADING INFRASTRUCTURE

The emergence of online exchanges has facilitated faster transactions by providing online trading portals and brokerage houses ease and flexibility. The Internet has indeed opened up new opportunities for conducting the business. The worldwide stock exchanges has made a major shift from the traditional method of trading and now conduct a bulk of its business online through its brokers and partners. In the developed countries majorly all the exchange transactions are conducted online. The trend took off slowly in India and the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) two of the largest exchanges in India have been conducting online trade successfully for some time.

WHY ONLINE TRADING ENTERED LATE IN INDIA?

The Indian exchanges and brokering houses have been very slow in moving their transactions online and the major reason has been the lot government regulations. The initial delay was due to laying down the specifications for creating Closed User Groups (CUGs). This issue was resolved between the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) and the Finance Ministry around 1998 and after that soon came the online trading portals like ICICIDirect.com, motilaloswal.com, sharekhan.com and smartjones.com. Connectivity related issue was perhaps the most important technological factor. Traditionally the cost of leased lines and VSAT links has been very high and the reliability of the links was very low. To commission the links it took a long time as one had to make an application and wait for a few weeks for the link to be up and running. Many other issues like security, backup and recovery procedural costs also acted as deterrents in the process. Now with the resolution of regulatory issues India no longer have any pressing connectivity and bandwidth issues. The entry of private players into the broadband scenario and the government opening up the telecom sector these issues have become almost non-existent. Security solutions and services available in the market have matured and it doesn't cost a pretty packet anymore to put a simple backup solution in place.

Through online trading everyday large volumes of data is being transacted. At BSE the average daily turnover in 2001-2002 (April-March) was Rs 1244.10 crore and the number of average daily trades was Rs 5.17 lakh.

To control Online Trading RBI made regulations making it mandatory for companies to store at least 7 years of transactional and financial data.

1. Design needs to be always-on, secure, redundant, and have adequate backup and recovery processes.

2. For such high amounts of critical data it's natural to deploy network-based storage like NAS or SAN.


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3. Security is a vital and integral part of the design architecture. The hardware and software elements should be built around layered security architecture and should be held in place with a well-documented security policy.

4. Ideally online exchanges should have 'five-nines' availability. 5. It's difficult to deploy out-of-the-box applications at exchanges as each has a unique

architecture based on factors like operations flow, trading volumes, number of members, number of users, and number of locations.

6. NSE has deployed NIBIS (NSE's Internet Based Information System) for real-time dissemination of trading information over the Internet and NEAT a client-server-based application to help its operations.

7. BSE has deployed an OnLine Trading system (BOLT) on a Tandem platform which has a two-tier architecture. It claims to be able to support up to 2 million trades a day.


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INDIAN EXCHANGES: NSE and BSE

The NSE and BSE are among the largest exchanges in the country handling very large daily trading volumes, support large amounts of data traffic, and have a very large nationwide network.The trading volume in year 2000 was huge with the average daily turnover in the capital markets segment at NSE is around Rs 2300 crore and in the derivatives segment, around Rs 1300 crore. The average daily traffic volume was around one million trades per day in the capital markets segment and around 50,000 trades per day in the derivatives segment and there were around 13,000 registered users in both segments and an average of around 9500 users is logged in at a time.At BSE the average daily turnover in 2001-2002 (April-March) was Rs 1244.10 crore and the number of average daily trades was Rs 5.17 lakh.

THE NETWORK DESIGN

Any online exchange should always be-on, safe, secure, redundant and should have adequate backup & recovery processes. The Vice President of NSE-IT G.M Shenoy tells that the basic design objective of NSE was to provide fair, equal and transparent access across all NSE nationwide locations and to provide connectivity to the trading members as soon as possible.The telecom sector is fairly liberal nowadays but way back in 1993 the technology was maturing and was very costly. The cost of lease lines was almost ten times as much as it is today. Satellite technology was a boon since it allowed quicker deployment than leased lines. Today NSE has the country's largest VSAT network with over 3000 VSATs and expects to grow to more than 4000 VSATs very soon.

NETWORK ELEMENTS

When there are massive trading volumes and traffic bulk it makes one tensed even to think of the expected losses in case of a ten minute downtime when daily trade crosses Rs 3000 crore. Network elements like security, storage, backup and recovery processes, availability and other different applications are to be planned carefully and commissioned. Also the RBI regulations to store at least 7 years of transactional and financial data has to be followed and to store such high amounts of critical data it's natural to deploy network-based storage like NAS or SAN. NSE is implementing a SAN as it feels that its data volumes have grown widely.Security is a vital and integral part of the design architecture and the hardware and software elements should be built with layered security architecture around and it should also be held in place with a well-documented security policy. According to Shenoy the security is the most crucial element in the network and at NSE all applications have been built with a conscious approach towards security. All the security policies are tightly integrated and regularly scrutinized thus not providing any room to compromise with. Also all the applications and OSs are hardened time to time for safety.

The Backup and recovery has emerged as one of the most important and vital aspects of business continuity. When online exchanges were designed earlier a lot of emphasis was perhaps not placed AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

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on this aspect as it is done nowadays. However it's not difficult to add continuity processes to a programme which is existing. Shenoy said that a terrestrial-based trading network was deployed as a backup to NSE VSAT network in the middle of 2000 and it have more than 850 leased lines connecting to different locations in India. NSE is the only stock exchange in the country which has a fully-redundant business continuity site in Chennai.

Availability: Ideally online exchanges should have 'five-nines' availability. Exchanges usually likes to host its infrastructure in-house and not use the services of an external or other data center.NSE claims to achieve uptime greater than 99.9% which is mostly due to internally formulated procedures and continuous review of SLAs with hardware vendors.

Applications: It is tough to deploy out-of-the-box applications at exchanges as each has a unique architecture based on factors like operations flow, number of members, trading volumes, number of users and number of locations. The applications like trading, surveillance, index computation, listing, membership, clearing, risk-management and accounts may be developed in-house or by external software developers.There are two popular types of architectures- 1. NSE architecture 2. BSE architecture These both exchanges keep on updating and upgrading their technology systems to keep delivering according to commitments and promises made to its members, partners and customers.

NEAT-THE NSE ARCHITECTURE

NSE has deployed NIBIS (NSE's Internet Based Information System) for real-time dissemination it of trading information over the Internet and NEAT a client-server-based application to help its operations. All the trading information is stored in NEAT an in-memory database at the server end for achieving minimum response time and maximum system availability for users. The trading server software runs on a fault-tolerant STRATUS mainframe and the client software runs on Windows PCs. The telecommunications network uses the X.25 protocol and is the backbone of the automated trading system. Each trading member trades on the NSE with other members through a PC located in the trading member's office. The trading members on the Wholesale Debt Market segment are linked to the central computer at the NSE through dedicated 64 Kbps leased lines and VSAT terminals. These leased lines are multiplexed using dedicated 2 MB optical-fiber links. The WDM participants connect to the trading system through dial-up links. The exchange uses RISC-based Unix servers from Digital and HP for backoffice processing. Applications like Oracle 7 and SQL/Oracle Forms 4.5 front ends are used for the exchange functions.

BOLT-THE BSE ARCHITECTURE

BSE has deployed an OnLine Trading system (BOLT) on March 14, 1995. It works on a Tandem S74016 platform running on 16 CPUs. The Tandem Himalaya S74016 machines act as the backend to more than 8000 Trader Workstations networked on Ethernet, VSAT and Managed Leased Data Network (MLDN). The systems claim to handle up to two million trades a day. BOLT has a two-tier architecture. The trader workstations are connected directly to the backend server which acts as a communication server and a Central Trading Engine (CTE). Other services like information dissemination, index computation, and position monitoring are also provided by the system. A transaction monitoring facility in the Tandem architecture helps keep data integrity through non-stop SQL. With the help of MTNL, BSE has setup a MLDN Network comprising 300 2 Mbps lines and 1500 64 Kbps lines which connect all regional stock exchanges and offices in Mumbai. Access


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to market related information through the trader workstations is essential for the market participants to act on real-time basis and take instantaneous decisions. BOLT has been interfaced with various information vendors like Bloomberg, Bridge, and Reuters. Market information is fed to news agencies in real time. The exchange plans to enhance the capabilities further to have an integrated two-way information flow

RECOMMENDATIONS OF SEBI

The SEBI has also played an important role in the issue of the guidelines regarding online trading so that the chances of fraud and misrepresentation are minimized. The some of recommendations are as follows:The stock brokers which are being registered with Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) will have to apply to stock exchanges for a formal permission. The following conditions must be fulfilled- 1. The online trading company must have a minimum net worth of Rs 50 lakh

2. The encryption technology should be there in the system used by the brokers to ensure the provision for confidentiality ,security ,justifiability and reliability of data .The user id, first level and second level password, automatic expiry of passwords at the end of a reasonable period,secured socket level security for server access through Internet, suitable firewalls between the trading set-up directly connected to an exchange trading system and the Internet trading set-up, microprocessor-based Smart cards, dynamic password, 64 bit/128- bit encryption are the basic minimum security standards. 3. The brokers must maintain adequate back-up systems and data storage capacity which must be checked by the stock exchanges.

4. The minimum qualification must be laid down by the stock exchange to ensure that the persons hired by the brokers must have the proper qualification regarding trading so as to guide the clients and he can communicate regarding trading instructions. 5. To handle contingency situations and for review of incoming and outgoing electronic correspondence the respective stock exchange must develop uniform written rules, regulations and procedures.

6. To ensure the authenticity and accuracy of data a certification agency must be appointed using the certification technologies when notified by the government or the SEBI.

7. The better client and the broker relationship to be maintained.

8. To determine the risk associated with the clients the brokers must have the have sufficient verifiable information about clients and the stock exchange must ensure it.

9. The clients must be taken into an agreement stating about all the obligations and rights including the minimum service standards to be maintained by the service provider broker for services specified by SEBI/exchanges for Internet-based trading from time to time. 10. The web site of the broker providing the online trading facility should contain information rules and regulations affecting client broker relationship, arbitration rules, investor protection rules, etc meant for investor protection. It should also provide and display prominently hyper link to the web


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site/page on the web site of the relevant stock exchange(s) displaying rules/ regulations/circulars. Ticker/quote/order book displayed on the web site of the broker should display the time stamp as well as the source of such information. 11. An e-mail should be sent to he investor for the confirmation of his Order or trade.12. The limits of trading and exposure provided to the client must be set on system-based control and brokers and exchanges must ensure it. The limits must be predefined by the broker on the exposure and turnover of each client. The system of broker should be such that it is capable of assessing the risk of the client as soon as the order comes in. The system should inform the clients client the reports on margin requirements, payment and delivery obligations etc. 13. As per the regulations the Contract Notes must be issued to clients within 24 hours of the trade execution. 14. Cross trades of the clients will not be allowed with each other to the brokers using Internet-based systems for routing client order and all orders must be offered to the market for matching. 15. A separate working group has been set up to look into the surveillance and enforcement-related issues arising due to Internet-based securities trading. However, general anti-fraud provisions (SEBI Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices Regulations, 1995) will apply to all transactions involving securities or financial services, regardless of the medium.


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ISSUES IN SELECTION OF AN E-BROKER

Individual investors compare the brokerage provided by various online traders. Brokerage can be a key differentiator among different schemes offered by e-brokers in the present competitive market place. For example icicidirect.com was the first to enter into e-broking and charges the highest brokerage (for delivery transactions) at 0.85 per cent per trade as compared to InvestSmart which charges 0.75 per cent. Other competitors like 5Paisa.com, Sharekhan and Kotakstreet.com charges 0.25 per cent of the transaction value for delivery-based trades. The pattern of entry into e-broking shows that ``brokerage and associated costs'' can be the differentiators only for a timewhile. ICICIdirect.com as the first entrant, has touted itself as the first integrated e-broking service provider in the market. Although it charges high brokerage charges than its competitors it has positioned itself as the only player to have online broking, banking and depository interface in one module to offer a fully integrated online trading experience. Sharekhan, tried to overcome icicidirect.com by introducing a flat fee product of Rs. 1,000 per month. This innovation helped Sharekhan to get the investors who traded heavily and had not to worry about paying heavy brokerage .But the next launch in e-trading halved the flat fee to Rs 500 and got an edge over Sharekhan. It also allowed short sales and offered clients the option of trading against securities up to three times sales marked for delivery providing for exposure. Thus innovation provides limited scope for it is a matter of time before almost all the schemes offer more or less identical features. All it depends is on the client's risk profile, preferences and requirements and each client may have to choose the different schemes.

Online trading is still at infant stage and all the major players which have set up e-broking outfit’s aim to achieve two objectives-

1. To broadbase the overall trading of investors, while holding their existing clientele intact. 2. Most settled e-broking players like ICICIdirect.com, InvestSmart and Kotakstreet.com are

using their brick-and-mortar presence to encourage investors to go online.The investors are being assured if due to any reasons like poor connectivity or Internet infrastructure and that even if the Internet order-routing system breaks down or investor access is broken for any reason, online registered investors can have the option of putting through their orders offline.

As this combination is still a new concept, most investors will be better off clarifying how the offline environment will operate, if the online environment fails for any reason. For the investor, the important thing is to ensure that this switch from online to offline is seamless and that there are no associated hidden costs. From the opinion of an investor viewpoint the click-and-mortar approach to investing may be the best bet till the online trading market matures in terms of technology, infrastructure and service to become a self-sustaining business proposition. The brick-and-mortar brokerage outfit is likely to subsidise the investment in online trading technologies and further in the ongoing/recurring costs. Unless the share of online trading volumes increase dramatically to 10-15 per cent of the total trading volumes the traditional brick-and-mortar outfits will continue to dominate the market.. The investor checklist is mainly a trendspotter's guide to the selection of an e-broker. With most online trading outfits still forging agreements with payment gateways for online banking and with


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depository participants for online demat, it may be too early to differentiate the grain from the chaff among e-brokers. But the investors' checklist still looks at aspects that are expected to acquire prominence as online trading catches on.

The pedigree of the e-broker plays a great role as to decide the serious players. Going forward, consolidation is inevitable even in this industry and when that happens, online trading sites such as icicidirect.com, Sharekhan, Geogit securities, InvestSmart and Kotakstreet.com with a good reputation have a much better chance of survival and growth than the stand-alone sites such as 5paisa.com and Indiabulls. Technology and backoffice infrastructure used by these online companies may prove to a burden in the long run. It is good for medium to term investors looking at online trading from a perspective, sites with deep pockets and a pedigree will be a good choice. With the consolidation in the industry and standardization of technology the quality of service becomes the key differentiator. In the initial stage from investors viewpoint holding at least two online trading accounts with two different outfits will be good in the long run which helps in the evaluation of the quality of service and security-related issues of the two companies. So investor can switch to the better player according to his comfort level.. The integrated package provided initially by ICICIdirect.com offered a seamless 3-in-1 package of broking, banking and demat accounts. This helped in reduction of the paperwork and time involved in settlements and transfer of shares or money. Although other players also started it but it gave a headstart to ICICIDirect.. Currently ICICIDirect offers online trading services only to investors who have a bank or a demat account with ICICI bank and same is the case with Kotakstreet having a dmat a/c with Kotak securities and should have a bank account either with Citibank, HDFC Bank or Global Trust Bank.


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ADVANTAGES OF ONLINE TRADING

1. Provides with the Freedom of Information

The Internet provides a new sense of controlling our financial future as the amount of investment information available online is truly outstanding. An investor can-• Know the price of any stock he desires at any point time on the internet.• An investor can review the price history of any stock in chart format online• An investor can follow in-depth the events happening in the market • Helps an investor in receiving a wealth of free commentary and analysis about stock

markets in the global economy • Helps an investor to conduct an extensive financial research of any company he desires• He may also consult with other investors online present around the world

Some online stock broking companies provide real-time stock quotes, daily roundups of the stock market, expert commentary, and a deep community of fellow investors.

2. Provides Control to Investors Money

When an investor wants to buy or sell stock he no longer need to call his broker on the phone thus helping in the execution of the order instantly on the internet.

3. Provides access to the market Through the sophisticated information streams, dedicated trading platforms and sophisticated tools the investor can access the markets which provides more agility in buying and selling stocks.

4. Ensures the best price for investors

Some companies like Investsmart (IL&FS)specialize in the techniques which offers the best price deals for the buy and sell orders of the investors and traders providing the high level of transparency by displaying of information relating to the specific stocks and company profiles which helps in getting the best quote for the orders.

5. Online trading offers greater transparency

Online trading offers the investors with greater transparency by providing with an audit trail. The process involves a complete integrated electronic chain starting from order placement, to clearing and settlement and finally ending with a credit into the depository account of the investor. All these stages are inspected which brings the transparency into the system.

6. Provides hassle free trading

Online trading provides an integration of the bank account, trading account and demat accounts, which leads to easy and paperless trading for the client.


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7. Online trading allows instant trade execution

Online transactions helps in the quick execution of the entire trading transaction right from logging to the traders site and to the settlement of the bank account in a very short period of time.

8. It provides a level playing field

Trading online gives even the smallest retail investor access to information which was earlier available only to the big traders. It has provided with a level playing field for all investors in the securities market.

9. Online trading reduces the settlement risk

This method of trading reduces the settlement risk for the investor as when a short sell order is played the orders are squared off at the specified cut-off time and are not allowed to be carried forward.

10. Provides live financial news & analysis The online sites also provide live terminals which provide streaming news to give investor the latest financial information as it occurs.

11. Online help desk

Some companies provide online help desk an investor cancan contact the Tele Trading Executives from the Tele Trading team during and after market hours and can clarify questions.

12. Instant order trade confirmations

Through online trading every trade is confirmed immediately and investor receives an on-screen confirmation following every trade with full details for the investors records which avoids costly errors that would have been discovered when it is too late.

13. Keeps Information Secure

As per the guideline provided by SEBI every effort has to be made to keep the investors account and personal information secure by use of encryption technology and updated security technology to advanced fraud prevention measures.

DISADVANTAGES OF ONLINE TRADING1. In online terminal, investor can’t get customized expert advice, whereas in offline the broker gives suggestions according to investors strategy (i.e. short term or long-term)

2. Brokerage is high compared to offline.

3. Privacy is less due to hacking scandals

4 .Transactional errors due to technical problems


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GROWTH

According to an article by Krishnamoorthy B in 2005 after inception of online trading in India in the year 2000 online trading is gained momentum with trading volumes growing by 150 per cent per annum in the years 2003-2005.The volume of all trades executed through the Internet on the National Stock Exchange had grown from less than Rs 100 crore (Rs 1 billion) in June 2003 to over Rs 700 crore (Rs 7 billion) in July 2005 which was a handsome growth.

This also provided a massive rise in the number of Internet traders. At the end of July 2005, there were 108 registered brokers on the NSE and the number of Internet trading subscribers to about 1.054 million. And the top three players ICICIdirect.com, Indiabulls and Kotak Securities had nearly 85 per cent of the total customer base. Today the ICICIDirect has nearly 36% market share.

In March 2003 ICICIDirect had about 234,000 customers trading through its portal which rose to over 675,000 customers in the year 2005.According to Anup Bagchi the MD and CEO of ICICIdirect.com as their company was the first player to enter the online trading segment, ICICIdirect has made broking more structured and transparent which further reduced the operational hassles.

At the same time the number of subscribers trading through the portal of Kotak Securities had gone up significantly by 150 per cent and the number of online trading customers had grown from 30,000 to 75,000. And the company expected to have at least 130,000 customers by the end of that fiscal.

Indiabulls which was a late entrant in the game had its online customers growing from 35,000 in June 2003 to over 140,000 in the mid 2005. Out of total customer base of 180,000 majority were online customers. Indiabulls appointed 2,000 relationship managers to handle online clients.

In the recent past years of 2005 ICICIDirect and Indiabulls recorded an annual volume growth of 100 per cent and IndiaBulls had about 30 per cent of India's online trading volumes.

In the year 2005 the online revenues grew faster for Indiabulls than offline revenues (online revenues increased from 40 per cent to 60 per cent of the total year 2004 and clients wanted a backup while trading online.

ICICI Direct had 7.5 lakh registered users online in the tear 2005 more than five times what Indiabulls had. In 2005 number of demat accounts doubled to 7.1 million with the facility of online trade since 2002. From the years 2000-2005 the online broking grew to account for a tenth of the total trading volumes. If the numbers are considered for only the retail segments, the growth is starker. Almost half of the Rs 5,000 crore-6,000 crore daily market volume on the NSE accounted for by non-retail


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Online trading represented 30 per cent of Sharekhan's broking business in the year 2005. The number of customers registered with Sharekhan was 130,000 at that point of time of which 60,000 used Internet trading.

At that point of time despite the rapid growth of online trading in India it constituted a puny 8-10 per cent share of the total turnover on the NSE although this rose from 2-3 per cent about two years ago. The big players expected a 100 per cent growth in their subscriber base every year for the next few years.

According to a recent article in livemint.com while the Indian markets lag those in many emerging and developed countries in online trade volume, some of the share brokers expect that in the coming years the buying and selling of shares through the Internet would account for up to half of the total equity trade volumes.

Today the total volume of online trade in India is about 20% of total trades.

According to brokers the better broadband connectivity across the country and wider awareness of equity as an asset class will rise the online trade volumes to over 50% of total trade.

In India the demography is such that two-thirds of the population is under the age of 36 and more than 50% is under age of 25 and this is another supporting factor for this view. According toMr R. Kalyanaraman the senior vice-president of Sharekhan Ltd the total number of traders opting for online trading is on a rising considerabily,though people are making more cautious investments. Sharekhan is the India’s largest online brokerage firm and the majority owned by Citigroup Venture Capital International and Infrastructure Development Finance Co. Ltd. Also according to him the online volume has suffered a dent because of recent market volatility and negative market sentiment.

Sharekhan gets 60% of its brokerage revenue from the online trading. In 2003 when there were only 10-15 brokers empanelled for Internet trading with the exchange and accounted just about


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10% of total volume in Indian stock marketsthe number has increased to around 300 brokers wooing Internet-savvy investors. According to a recent study Ernst and Young only 4% of India’s domestic household savings or just about 13% of its gross domestic product is being channelled to shares and debentures issued by companies which is very less or in an initial stage. Sudip Bandyopadhyay chief executive of Reliance Money Ltd says that online investing is still at a nascent stage in India and expects that Internet-based trading will eventually take about half of the total stock market trading as like with developed markets such as the US. Philippines has the highest online trade with about 55-60% execution of trade is online.The reason is because they had wider Internet connectivity years before India. The biggest challenge in India remains better Internet connectivity. The earlier Web-based technology used for Internet trading has been replaced by specialized software which gives real-time global data streaming rates to trader helping investors to analyse the market trends and helps in faster execution of trades. Earlier the investors made trade calls over the phone which sometimes led to the delays.

Online share trading in India was at a boom in the end of 2006 with daily-traded volumes more than tripling from Rs 1,500 crore to Rs 5,000 crore in the last one year and terminals was set up in small towns such as Rajkot, Hubli and Vijayawada .In that year the share of online trading rose dramatically from 7% last year to 20% as a percentage of overall traded volumes.Due to this factor the top five US brokerage firms decided to make a foray into India in the next year driven by strategic interest.Also at that time non-metros accounted for half of the daily turnover of online trading.

In a crash of the market in the early Febuary 2008 the investors remained away from online trading and the turnover of the NSE from internet-based trading dipped to a daily average of Rs 1,648 crore between February 1 and February 8 as compared with Rs 3,450 crore in January 2008 Rs 3,587 crore in December 2007 and Rs 4,417 crore in November 2007 in the exchange’s cash market segment. In the mid Febuary 2008 it accounted for just 12% of NSE’s total cash turnover as compared with a high of 24% in November last year..

The most online stock broking companies started from 2000 onwards because of development of global Internet economy and for years 2000 to 2003 the stock market was under a bear hug. The intense competition among a new wave of online brokerage companies hammered down brokerage rates from 1% (in 2000) to 0.25 %, or even lower to 5 paisa.

According to Aseem Dhru, MD and CEO, HDFC Securities in todays scenario an online business can break even in as short a period as about 18-24 months. Earlier there were other problems like the Internet connectivity was unreliable, and investors resisted the strict margins and compliance online stock broking demanded. Initially it seemed that online stock tradingwould flop. In the year 2003 online trades were a merely 2% of trades on the National Stock Exchange. Even the strong players like Kotak Securities could only get online transaction volumes of a mere Rs 25-30 crore in a day.A few companies like Hometrade and LTtrade went off after the dotcom implosion. But some determined companies like Sharekhan Ltd, Indiabulls and IndiaInfoline,remained despite the burden of huge cash-burn. Sharekhan, for example, is estimated to have lost Rs 20 crore on its launch campaign. According to R Kalyanaraman, Senior VP, Sharekhan at that time there was room to service the mass market through a trusted nameand those who bore the pain are still around in the market to reap the gains.


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If seen today Kotak Securities deals online transactions worth Rs 1,000 crore a day. This may mean annual revenues of Rs 120 crore, assuming a 0.05% brokerage. But Kotak Securities’ total revenues including offline transactions are higher at Rs 834 crore. HDFC Securities have 500,000 online customers’ deals in daily online trades worth Rs 250-300 crore is also in the black. The revenues it had in 2007-08 is Rs 100 crore. HDFC Securities had revenues of Rs 67 crore and a net profit of Rs 7.21 crore in 2006-07. ICICIdirect has 1.5 million online broking accounts and parent ICICI Securities reported revenues of Rs 750 crore for March 2008. Sharekhan at present has 650,000 customers with daily Internet trading volumes of Rs 400-500 crore. The new player Reliance Money has 2 million online accounts trades worth Rs 2,000 to Rs 3,000 crore per day.

Today online trading accounts for 25-30% of retail market turnover that can make online stock trading a Rs 400 crore industry, measured by the brokerage earned by them. The online model has helped the companies to expand rapidly without big investments in distribution. Prasanth Prabhakaran, Senior VP and Head of Broking, Kotak Securities says that even though the company has no branches in Rourkela and Sambalpur it gives volumes and Tier-II and tier-III cities bring in 40-45% of total trading volumes. Apart from cutting margins and making trades cheaper for investors, online trading has shaved off a lot of costs for brokerage firms resulting in business making more money. On the retail side of the business the companies having a stronger online presence are enjoying better profitability. But the offline business still rules institutional business.HDFC Securities earns 75% of its revenues from online trades. The key to success is quick ramp-up because the initial system set-up cost is based on assumptions on the number of accounts and trades that the firm will carry out and once the point is reached, the break-even can come faster. If today a new entrant comes he will have to start off with the capacity to handle at least 100,000 trades a day which could entail an investment of Rs 25 crore on the initial technology and hardware set-up. The annual expanses of around Rs 4-5 crore will also be needed to scale up.

Industry size: Rs 5,000 crOnline share: Rs 400 cr

Key players: HDFCsec, ICICIdirect, Indiabulls, Indiainfoline, Kotaksecurities, Sharekhan

Current growth rate: 40-50%

The stock markets which saw a dip in online trading due to investor apathy because of prolonged bearishness in recent years is now witnessing a revival of interest and is expected to have a record growth in the coming years.

Mr Tarun Shah, CEO of Sharekhan, Mumbai says that the retail investors in the capital market are the most neglected ones have no access to research and Sharekhan, seeks to fill this vacuum felt by retail investor.

Sharekhan has invested about Rs 13 crore in the last two years in creating the requisite infrastructure by way of branches and for Internet trading.

Sharekhan has presence in about 80 cities across the country now and it is seeking to consolidate its presence in the current year 2008 and has focus on expanding its membership. Sharekhan enjoyed about 20 per cent market share in Web business (Internet trading) in stock markets and in past 3


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years Web trading showed lot of promise but as the market witnessed a downturn retail customers had no much interest in it.

By then the company has been adding around 1, 000 customers a month and felt that for retail customer web trading was a very good medium as it provides live information.Web trading constituted about 1 per cent to 2 per cent of the revenue Sharekhan in the year 2001-02.

But in the year 2002-03 overall revenue of Sharekhan trebled and the share of Web trading constituted 22 per cent of the revenue. At that time the Sharekhan's daily trading volume was over Rs 200 crore the Web trading constituted at about Rs 40 crore a day major part of the volume came from the intraday transactions.

According to Tarun Shah the growth of Internet trading in the stock markets would come with a rapid pace and web trading in the total turnover of the capital markets would go up to 10 to 15 per cent in the next 2-3 years which is now just about 1 to 2 per cent.


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ANALYSIS PART


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INTERPRETATION

The total number of people who trade online out of 100 is 77 people. The about 77standard

deviation is 0.423 with a mean of .77 meaning that the 77% people are consistent with online

trading and a mode of 1 defining that maximum number of response comes is online trading.

Q2-Which of the following companies are you aware of?

ICICI DIRECT.COM 77SHAREKHAN.COM 59INDIABULLS 34KOTAK SECURITIES 58RELIGARE 38ANY OTHER 60


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INTERPRETATION

The maximum number of people is aware of ICICIDirect .com with a share and the next place is shared by Sharekhan and Kotak Securities at 18%.12% of people are aware of Religare and 10% of Indiabulls.

Q3-In which of the following do you trade online?

MUTUAL FUNDS 37EQUITY 65INITIAL PUBLIC OFFER (IPO) 49COMMODITIES 18FUTURE AND OPTIONS (DERIVATIVES) 17


ICICI DIRECT.COM

24%

SHAREKHAN.COM18%

INDIABULLS10%

KOTAK SECURITIES

18%

RELIGARE12%

ANY OTHER18%

ICICI DIRECT.COM

SHAREKHAN.COM

INDIABULLS

KOTAK SECURITIES

RELIGARE

ANY OTHER

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37

65

49

18 17

0

1020

30

40

5060

70

MUTUAL

FUNDS

EQUITY

INIT

IAL

PUBLIC O

FFER (I

PO)

COMM

ODITIE

S

FUTURE AND O

PTIONS (.

..

Series1

INTERPRETATION

The maximum amount of person’s trade online to trade in equity. The second preference is to trade in IPO in which about 49 people do.37 people trade online to deal in mutual funds 18 deal in commodities and 17 in future and options.


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Statistics

Q4. THROUGH WHICHTECHNOLOGY DO YOU TRADE ONLINE?

N Valid 77

Missing 23

Mean 1.26

Median 1.00

Mode 1

Std. Deviation .441

Variance .195

Range 1

Minimum 1

Maximum 2

INTERPRETATION

Out of the people who trade online it is seen that the maximum peopletrade through web based online trading and a mean of 1.26 shows this.

Q5. DO YOU FEEL ONLINE TRADING IS SECURE?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid NO 21 21.0 21.0 21.0

YES 79 79.0 79.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0


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Statistics

Q5. DO YOU FEEL ONLINE TRADING IS SECURE?

N Valid 100

Missing 0

Mean .79

Median 1.00

Mode 1

Std. Deviation .409

Variance .168

Range 1

Minimum 0

Maximum 1

INTERPRETATION

The 80% people believe that the online trading is secure. This shows that the online trading has

taken a good place in the mind of Indian Stock Traders and the Indian consumer is moving towards

online trading faithfully.


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QUESTION 6- Statistics

Q6a.Is security a

important factor

for online

trading?

Q6b.Is Instant

online transfers

a good factor for

online trading?

Q6c.Is Time

saving an

important factor

for online

trading?

Q7d. Do you feel

online trading is

convenient?

N Valid 77 77 77 77

Missing 23 23 23 23

Mean 1.42 1.52 1.49 1.83

Median 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00

Mode 1 1 1 2

Std. Deviation .615 .641 .576 .801

Variance .378 .411 .332 .642

Range 2 2 2 3

Minimum 1 1 1 1

Maximum 3 3 3 4

Q6a.Is security an important factor for online trading?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Strongly Agree 50 50.0 64.9 64.9

Agree 22 22.0 28.6 93.5

Neither Agree Nor Disagree 5 5.0 6.5 100.0

Total 77 77.0 100.0

Missing System 23 23.0

Total 100 100.0


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INTERPRETATION

About 50% of people strongly agree that they consider security as an important factor when they go

for online trading, while 22 out of 77 respondents just agree and five people nor agree nor disagree.


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Q6b.Is Instant online transfers a good factor for online trading?


Cumulative

Percent


Agree 28 28.0 36.4 92.2

Neither Agree NOR Disagree 6 6.0 7.8 100.0

Total 77 77.0 100.0


Total 100 100.0

INTERPRETATION

While considering online trading 43% of people strongly agree to the fact that instant online

transfers is an important consideration while 28 people just agree to this while 6 persons neither

agree neither disagree to this fact.


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Q6c.Is Time saving an important factor for online trading?


Cumulative

Percent


Agree 32 32.0 41.6 96.1

Neither Agree nor disagree 3 3.0 3.9 100.0

Total 77 77.0 100.0


Total 100 100.0

INTERPRETATION

42 people out of 100 strongly believe the time saving as an important factor for the online trading

while 32 agree still agree and 3 are do not agree nor disagree.


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Q6d. Do you feel online trading is convenient?


Cumulative

Percent


Agree 38 38.0 49.4 85.7

Neither agree nor disagree 7 7.0 9.1 94.8

Disagree 4 4.0 5.2 100.0

Total 77 77.0 100.0


Total 100 100.0

INTERPRETATIONWhile 28 persons strongly agree to the fact that online trading is convenient,37 persons agree to it,7 people neither agree neither disagree ,and 4 people do not consider online trading as a convenient one.


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Q7.Do you think that online trading has helped in growth and development of Indian Stock

Market?

N Valid 100

Missing 0

Mean .87

Median 1.00

Mode 1

Std. Deviation .338

Variance .114

Range 1

Minimum 0

Maximum 1

Q7.Do you think that online trading has helped in growth and development of Indian Stock Market?

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent

Valid no 13 13.0 13.0 13.0

yes 87 87.0 87.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0


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INTERPRETATIONThe 13% of people believe that the online trading has not helped in growth and development of Indian stock market while the majority of people i.e around 77% people believe that the online trading has certainly helped in growth and development of Indian Stock Market.


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STATISTICS Q8.Which

trading method

do you prefer?

Q9.Do you think

online trading is

easy and fast

way of trading?

Q10.What is

your highest

education level?

Q11.What is

your stream of

education

N Valid 100 100 100 100

Missing 0 0 0 0

Mean 1.48 .86 3.33 2.73

Median 1.00 1.00 3 3.00

Mode 1 1 4 3

Std. Deviation .731 .349 .726 .930

Variance .535 .122 .526 .866

Range 2 1 3 4

Minimum 1 0 1 1

Maximum 3 1 4 5

Q8.Which trading method do you prefer?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid online 66 66.0 66.0 66.0

offline 20 20.0 20.0 86.0

Both 14 14.0 14.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0


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INTERPRETATIONTHE 66% OF PEOPLE PREFER ONLINE TRADING,20 PEOPLE PREFER THE OFFLINE TRADING AND 14 PEOPLE PREFER TO DO TRADING BOTH ONLINE AND OFFLINE.

Q9.Do you think online trading is easy and fast way of trading?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid No 14 14.0 14.0 14.0

Yes 86 86.0 86.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0


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INTERPRETATION14 % PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT ONLINE TRADING IS NOT FAST AND EASY WAY OF TRADING WHILE 86% OF PEOPLE ARE IN ITS FAVOUR.


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Q10.What is your highest education level?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Secondary education 1 1.0 1.0 1.0

Senior secondary 12 12.0 12.0 13.0

Graduate 40 40.0 40.0 53.0

Post graduate 47 47.0 47.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATION1 person out of 100 people met was secondary educated while the 12 persons were senior secondary educated 40 people were graduates and 47 people were post graduates.


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Q11.What is your stream of education?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid science(medical_ 9 9.0 9.0 9.0

science(non-medical) 29 29.0 29.0 38.0

commerce 46 46.0 46.0 84.0

humanities 12 12.0 12.0 96.0

others(specify) 4 4.0 4.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATIONTHE data collected shows that 9 people are from the medical stream,29 from the non-medical stream,46 people are from the commerce stream,12 from the humanities,4 people are from the other stream.


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Q8.Which trading method do you prefer? *

Q11.What is your stream of education?COUNT Q11.What is your stream of education? Total

science(medical_ science(non-

medical)

commerce humanities others(specif

y)

Q8.Whic

h trading

method

do you

prefer?

Online 8 19 31 6 2 66

Offline 1 3 9 6 1 20

Both

0 7 6 0 1 14

Total 9 29 46 12 4 100


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INTERPRETATION

The table and graph shows that out of nine people science medical stream 8 prefer to trade online

and one offline, and out of 29 people from science non-medical stream 19 trade online, 3 people

trade offline and 7 people trade through both methods. Out of 46 commerce people 31persons trade

online, 9 persons prefer offline trading and 6 people prefer both forms of trading. Out of 12

humanity persons 50% prefer offline and other 50% prefer offline. In other cases 2 persons out of 4

prefer to trade online, 1 offline and 1 person prefer both.


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Q12.Do you think introduction of online trading has helped in attracting the new investors thus

increasing the trading volumes of Stock Market?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid no 10 10.0 10.0 10.0

yes 90 90.0 90.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATION

90% of people believe that online stock trading has helped in increasing trading volumes at stock

exchange while 10% of people still disagree with the fact.


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Q13.Do you find easy to operate the computer?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid no 9 9.0 9.0 9.0

yes 91 91.0 91.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATION

91% of people find it easy to operate a computer while the other 9 %people does not find it easy to

operate a computer.


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Q14.Do you own a computer?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid No 13 13.0 13.0 13.0

Yes 87 87.0 87.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATION13 people out of 100 do not own a computer while 87 people do have it.


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Q15.Do you have an Internet Connection?


Cumulative

Percent

Valid No 29 29.0 29.0 29.0

Yes 71 71.0 71.0 100.0

Total 100 100.0 100.0

INTERPRETATION29 people out of 100 interviewed did not had an internet connection while the rest 71 people had internet connection. The summary of` people who trade online and has internet connection are-

COUNTQ15.Do you have an

Internet Connection?

Total

NO YES

Q8.Which trading

method do you prefer?

ONLINE 11 55 66

OFFLINE 11 9 20

BOTH 7 7 14

Total 29 71 100


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Q16-At what time do you trade online?OFFICE HOURSNON OFFICE HOURSFREE TIMEAFTER MARKET TRADE

74244520

INTERPRETATION

The table shows the responses of the persons who trade online and at at what time do they trade.Maximum of people trade during the office hours as the time clashes with the office hours.20 people also does after market trade while while 45 persons do trading in their free time.


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Q17-In which of the following do you trade online?

Online shopping 35 Online Ticket Booking 68Online Banking 45 Others 86

INTERPRETATION

From the survey of 100 people it is clear that 15% of people use internet for online shopping,29% people use it for online ticket booking,19% for online banking and 37% people use it for other purposes such as chatting, e-mail etc.


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CONCLUSION

The online trading is growing with a rapid pace with the rising level of education among the customers. The other factors being that the Indian Investor nowadays wants to deal himself in trading rather than depending upon other middlemen. They also consider the factors like time saving in doing the online transactions, convenience etc. Although some people feel that online trading is not secure but the people doing the trading online is happy about the increasing security concerns among the companies. The year 2008 has not been so good for the stock market and the Sensex and Nifty has been dipping and affecting the business negatively for these companies. This is due to the fact that at these times people do not prefer to open the DMAT and Trading accounts. So the companies have to reduce their account opening fees to attract more and more customers. Also people trade very less in the bearish market and the company’s profits against brokerage fees soars downwards. It is also a found fact that during the bearish market the ratio of online trading becomes very less. Also there is an intense competition among the companies and the companies come up with new and new promotion schemes such as discounted and negotiable brokerages, Zero balance accounts, waiving a/c opening fee and AMC etc. As the internet penetration is growing in India this business holds a huge potential for growth. The mantra for success in the current situation will be educating the customers about the benefits of online trading and the amount of ROI that can be generated through it. The total trading volume of brokerage companies has increased from US$1239.1 billion in 2004 to US$1492.1 billion in 2005, and is expected to reach US$6535.7 billion by 2015.


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RECOMMENDATIONS

The companies should come up with more and more innovative features in their web portals.

The customer should be educated regularly regarding the new technologies and techniqes of trading online and also other relevant information.

The companies should look after to develop more safe and secure ways of transacting business online.

The companies should make maxium efforts to detect fraud cases and minimise them.


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INDUSTRY RELEVANCE

My research project is Quite Relevant to the Investment Industry. The following things can be usefull for Share Khan-

Sharekhan Ltd will be able to know their market position with other competitors.

The company will also get to know some areas of improvement which came forward through my research.

The changing perception of Indian consumers and thier requirements will also be made clear.

The company will be able to do the effective segmentation of their market based on the research analysis.

The investment companies at large will be able to understand how to keep themselves abreast with the changing technology.


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LEARNINGS

The two month summer training was a good experience for me to learn the practical aspects of the corporate life.Some of the learning of mine are:

I improved my communication skills by learning how to talk to different kind of people as it requires the diffent approach to handle each person.

I learnt to how handle the pressure under difficult situations.

I became aware about various aspects of working of stock exchange

I learnt about the consumer perception about the stock market and online trading.

Patience was the thing I learnt the most as I have to approach the clients who were to be explained same things again and again while appraoching or calling them at regular Intervals.


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Marketing management by Philip KotlerMarketing research by Gilbirt A. Churchill, Jr, Dawn IacobucciTimes of IndiaThe Economic TimesThe Financial Expresswww.sharekhan.comwww.icicidirect.comwww.kotakstreet.comwww.bseindia.comwww.nseindia.comwww.bseindia.comwww.sebi.co.inwww.livemint.com


http://WWW.LIVEMINT.COM/

http://www.sebi.co.in/

http://www.bseindia.com/

http://www.nseindia.com/

http://www.bseindia.com/

http://www.kotakstreet.com/

http://www.icicidirect.com/

http://www.sharekhan.com/

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APPENDIXQUESTIONAIRE

Growth and Development of Online Trading in India Q1-Do you trade online or not?

Yes No

Q2- Which of the following companies are you aware of- ICICIDirect.com Sharekhan.com IndiaBulls Kotak Securities Religare Any other_________________________

Q3-In which of the following do you trade online- Mutual Funds Equity Initial Public Offer(IPO) Commodities Future & Options

Q4-Through which technology do you trade online- Web Based Technology Aplet Based/VM/Software Based Technology

Q5-Do you feel online trading is secure? Yes No

Q6-What factors do you consider when you trade online?

Rate on Scale of 5- 1-Strongly Agree, 2-Agree, 3- Nor Agree nor Disagree,40-Disagree,5-Strongly Disagree

Security Instant online transfers

Time Saving/Any Time Access

Convenient

Q7-Do you think online trading has helped in growth and development of Indian Stock Market? Yes NoComment ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


NAME _______________ AGE _______________ GENDER _______________

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Q8-Which of trading methods do you prefer- Online Offline

Q9-Do you think online trading is easy and fast way of trading? Yes No

Q10-What is your highest education level? Secondary Education Senior Secondary Graduate Post Graduate Other(Specify)

Q11-What is your stream of education? Science(Medical) Science(Non-Medical) Commerce Humanities(Economics) Other(Specify)

Q12-Do you think introduction of online trading has helped in attracting the new investors thus increasing the trading volumes at Stock Market?

Yes No

Q13-Do you find easy to operate a computer? Yes No

Q14-Do you owe a Computer? Yes No

If not from where do you trade? ________________________________________Q15-Do you have an Internet connection?

Yes No

If not from where do you trade? (Ex-Cyber Cafe) _____________________________

Q16-At what time do you trade? Office Hours Non Office Hours Free Time After Market Trade

Q17-Do you use Internet for- Online Shopping


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Online Ticket Booking Online Banking Others(Please Specify)

Thank You For Sparing Your Valuable Time!

GLOSSARY


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1. Intra Day Transactions-The deals which are done in the stock market on day to day basis and not carried forward for the next day.

2. Delivery-When the transactions are not done Intra Day and are carried forward for more than one day it is known as Delivery.

3. Brokerage-It is the fees charged by the stock broking companies for facilitating the buying and selling of share market instruments.

4. DMAT-DMAT refers to dematerialization of shares in which the shares are kept in the electronic form instead of being it in physical form. For dealing in shares SEBI has made it compulsory to have a DMAT A/C.


GROWTH OF ONLINE TRADING IN INDIA

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