Gadi Singer VP and GM, IDGz Architecture Group GM, Israel Development Centers (IDC) May 7th, 2013 Growing Intelligence - Looking beyond year one “The question of whether computers can think is like the question of whether submarines can swim.” - Edsger W. Dijkstra
“ The question of whether computers can think is like the question of whether submarines can swim.” - Edsger W. Dijkstra. Growing Intelligence - Looking beyond year one. Gadi Singer VP and GM, IDGz Architecture Group GM, Israel Development Centers (IDC ) May 7th, 2013. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Gadi SingerVP and GM, IDGz Architecture Group
GM, Israel Development Centers (IDC)
May 7th, 2013
Growing Intelligence -Looking beyond year one
“The question of whether computers can think is like the question of whether submarines can swim.” - Edsger W. Dijkstra
Why are we here today?
Page 3ICRI retreat
Almost 1 year ago – ICRI InaugurationTel Aviv Museum of Arts, May 22, 2012
What were we trying to achieve ?
Computational Intelligence
Bringing together ML and heterogeneous architectures to
deliver next generation of intelligent devices that are
efficient, adaptive and always-learning
Page 4ICRI retreat
Were we the first to think about it ?
Page 5ICRI retreat
בן גוריון מתנבא על העתיד
Page 6ICRI retreat
ICRI-CI Year One Retrospective
• Impressive group of researchers, impressive set of projects• Cross-domain / Cross discipline research • High match between the grand vision and institute themes /
projects – ML 2020– Intelligent Agents– Brain Inspired Computing– Accelerators
Year Two and Beyond• Computational Intelligence - one of the greatest frontiers– Academia, Industry, Societies
• Requires World-Class research• Impactful research with path to deployed
solutions• Increased collaboration among researchers, and
with Intel• Continuously refine program – e.g., adding
projects– NN based architecture– Agent assist in discussion
Characteristics of “Truly Intelligent” Computing
Page 9ICRI Retreat
Elements of Intelligent Systems
Judges a course of action:
• Rules to govern decisions
• System recommendation
• User approval• Surface relevant
options
Understand the user needs and goals:
• User’s general intent
• Specific goals may be explicitly defined with corresponding actions
Acts on user’s behalf:
• Autonomous action
• Proactive decisions
• Enable users to track actions
Adapts to experiences over time to improve the system:
Collects and synthesized userdata to gainawareness:
• Knowledge of the user
• General Knowledge
• Sensing of the environment
AWARENESS ALIGNED GOALS ACTION LEARNINGDECISIONS
Principle #1 – Brain Inspired Computing
Page 11ICRI retreat
Theories of Perception and Cognition Approaching Viable Implementation
Brain Inspired Computing
Principle #2 – Modular and Open Platforms
Page 13ICRI retreat
“Open & Horizontal” is live and kicking!Source: Bain. *Other brands and names may be claimed as the property of others .
Architecture
Other RISC(IBM)
SPARC
OtherCISC(IBM)
Power
‘90 ‘92 ‘94 ‘96 ‘98 ‘00
75%
Data Centers100%
50%
25%
0
Tablets & PhonesOther
75%
100%
50%
25%
02009 2010 20122011
25%
15%
60%
Platform where capabilities come from modules
provided by individuals, companies, or Academia
Example – Intel’s Perceptual Computing
The Rise of Natural Intuitive ComputingNow Near Future The Vision
Providing Human-like Senses to Computing
Intel® Perceptual Computing SDK Beta
Providing Infrastructure to build on• BETA SDK: Free for Evaluation • Perceptual Modes Support:
– Face Analysis, Tracking– Finger Tracking– Close-Range Hand Gesture Recognition– Voice Processing – 2D, 3D Augmented Reality
• APIs:– High-Level API: For fast, easy
programming– Low-Level API: For innovation and programming control
Principle #3 – Development for a Learning (Evolving) Machine
Page 17ICRI retreat
Design a machine for unforeseeable scenarios
Validate a solution that will evolve and change in the field• What does “correctness” means?• Validate to ensure people’s safety, security, and
privacy
Development for a Learning (Evolving) Machine
?
Open
ing
a do
or
Principle #4 – Significantly Improved Power Efficiency
Page 19ICRI retreat
Efficient Architectures for Perceptual/Cognitive Computing
Watson: Ninety IBM Power-750 servers (plus additional I/O, network and cluster controller nodes in 10 racks)Total of 2880 POWER7 processor cores and 16 Terabytes of RAM. Each Power-750 uses a 3.5 GHz POWER7 8-core processor, 4-threads per core.
Calculation vs. Cognitive
“Invisible” and seamless
Re-imagine power efficient computing
Principle #5 – Structuring for Ethical Choices
Page 21ICRI retreat
“Ethical Computing”• Autonomous == Making Choices• Value system weights on options• High-impact opportunities for good, also imply
risks
“Ethical Module[s]” needs to emerge
Page 22ICRI retreat
Example - Three Laws of Robotics (Asimov, 1940)
1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.
0. A robot may not harm humanity, or, by inaction, allow humanity to come to
• New HW/SW solutions that are optimized for:– Representation: Massively parallel, somewhat
redundant, semantic rich, info storage– Inference/Reasoning: Massively parallel (>>1000),
probabilistic, hierarchical, pattern matching and abstraction
– Learning: Adding new info/patterns through external source (teaching) or introspective ML.
– Power Efficiency: For effective local and distributed computing
Will they create > 100X efficiency in Cognitive Computing uses?
Page 26ICRI retreat
Closing… and opening for a future
• Community (Academia, Industry, Developers) should create content for intelligence competencies
• Define a framework and platform[s] for intelligence computing:1. Brain inspired2. Collaboration through modularity and openness3. Enable and contain machine learning4. Significantly improved power efficiency5. Structure for ethical choices“The coming 3-5 years are about exquisite sensing; the following decade will be about
making sense of the senses.” Gadi Singer
Thank You !
Platf
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Ingr
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OS
&
Mid
dlew
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Apps
&Se
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System ArchitectureRobotic platformsEmbedded-to-cloudCrowd/embed. arch.
CommunicationsEmbedded interfacesV2V CommunicationVisible light communicationLow-power GSMBurst RFID
Power harvestingGSM / 802.11 / UHFBarometric / Thermal
SensingFirst Person SensingCamera-ProjectorInertial localizationSensor network