Grocery Store Grocery Store Issues Issues RTF April 10, 2007 RTF April 10, 2007
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Grocery Store Grocery Store IssuesIssues
RTF April 10, 2007RTF April 10, 2007
Need RecommendationsNeed RecommendationsPECI: Energy Smart Grocer ProgramPECI: Energy Smart Grocer Program
Savings method for interactive measuresSavings method for interactive measures Unitized savings using simplified Unitized savings using simplified
methodologymethodology Load shapes for savingsLoad shapes for savings Measure livesMeasure lives Sub Committee to:Sub Committee to:
Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Design empirical testing for Auto-closer, Design empirical testing for Auto-closer,
Door Gasket, Strip CurtainsDoor Gasket, Strip Curtains
Measure SavingsMeasure Savings
PECI calculator reviewed by Cascade PECI calculator reviewed by Cascade Engineering and RTF sub committeeEngineering and RTF sub committee
Eight recommendations for improvement Eight recommendations for improvement Seven adopted plus other improvementsSeven adopted plus other improvements Final Cascade recommendation to Final Cascade recommendation to
reviewreview Some new measures not reviewed by Some new measures not reviewed by
CascadeCascade Review of savings for unitized measuresReview of savings for unitized measures
Interactive MeasuresInteractive Measures
Segue to slides from PECISegue to slides from PECI PECIPECI InteractiveInteractive Adjust.pptAdjust.ppt
Unitized SavingsUnitized Savings
36 Measures with simplified unit savings36 Measures with simplified unit savings Savings derived from calculationsSavings derived from calculations Used for measures with relatively consistent Used for measures with relatively consistent
savingssavings Little value to model savingsLittle value to model savings
Savings per unit and number of unitsSavings per unit and number of units Example: kWh / linear foot case * linear feet caseExample: kWh / linear foot case * linear feet case
Methods reviewed by Cascade Engineering & Methods reviewed by Cascade Engineering & RTF staffRTF staff
Comparative analysis in: Comparative analysis in: ESG Measures.xls\ESG Measures.xls\MeasuresMeasures
Unitized Savings IssuesUnitized Savings Issues Savings for anti-sweat heaters in medium Savings for anti-sweat heaters in medium
temptemp
Assumptions for door auto-closer savingsAssumptions for door auto-closer savings
Savings & methodology for door gasketsSavings & methodology for door gaskets
Assumptions and methods for strip curtainsAssumptions and methods for strip curtains
Review comparative analysis in: Review comparative analysis in: ESG Measures.xls\MeasuresESG Measures.xls\Measures
Unitized Savings: Unitized Savings: Anti-Sweat Heater ControlAnti-Sweat Heater Control
Turn off resistance heaters when not Turn off resistance heaters when not neededneeded Humidity or timer controlHumidity or timer control
Compared PECI savings estimates to Compared PECI savings estimates to BPA findings on NRM installationsBPA findings on NRM installations Comparable for low-temp casesComparable for low-temp cases PECI savings low for medium temp (46 PECI savings low for medium temp (46
versus 330 kWh per year per linear foot versus 330 kWh per year per linear foot case)case)
Post-install duty cycle differencesPost-install duty cycle differences
Unitized Savings: Auto Unitized Savings: Auto ClosersClosers
Assures door gets closed if left open or ajarAssures door gets closed if left open or ajar Door intentionally open 3 hours per day Door intentionally open 3 hours per day
(1095/year)(1095/year) Ajar 25% of remaining hours (1915/year)Ajar 25% of remaining hours (1915/year)
Savings based on closing door these hoursSavings based on closing door these hours Heat loss by ASHRAE Open Door MethodHeat loss by ASHRAE Open Door Method
Effective opening approx 3 to 4 inch openingEffective opening approx 3 to 4 inch opening No comprehensive data on door openingsNo comprehensive data on door openings
BPA data on two cafeteria walk-ins show much BPA data on two cafeteria walk-ins show much lower opening times (one hour/day & .29 hour/day)lower opening times (one hour/day & .29 hour/day)
Unitized Savings: Unitized Savings: GasketsGaskets
Damaged gaskets = infiltrationDamaged gaskets = infiltration Hours 8760 minus open time minus ajar Hours 8760 minus open time minus ajar
timetime 5750 hours for gasket savings5750 hours for gasket savings
Gasket prevents 2% of open door heat lossGasket prevents 2% of open door heat loss ASHRAE Open Door (2006 Chap 13.4 equation ASHRAE Open Door (2006 Chap 13.4 equation
12)12) PECI revised savings downward 12-25%PECI revised savings downward 12-25%
Ambient conditions, door size, effectivenessAmbient conditions, door size, effectiveness Savings now maximum of 2% of case loadSavings now maximum of 2% of case load
Unitized Savings: Strip Unitized Savings: Strip CurtainsCurtains
No savings in BPA program due to uncertaintyNo savings in BPA program due to uncertainty Monitored data on one store showed increase Monitored data on one store showed increase
energy useenergy use Evaluate firstEvaluate first
PECI Method:PECI Method: ASHRAE Open Door Heat LossASHRAE Open Door Heat Loss 80 percent effective80 percent effective Door open hours: Survey or default (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 Door open hours: Survey or default (0.4, 0.8, 1.2
hrs/day)hrs/day)
Issues: Issues: Is door left open longer due to curtains?Is door left open longer due to curtains? Longevity of curtainsLongevity of curtains
Load Shape for SavingsLoad Shape for Savings
Need shape for cost-effectiveness Need shape for cost-effectiveness analysisanalysis
Few previously-existing shapes for Few previously-existing shapes for refrigerationrefrigeration
Proposal: Six new shapesProposal: Six new shapes Developed by engineering assumptions, Developed by engineering assumptions,
DOE2.2R refrigeration runs, and some DOE2.2R refrigeration runs, and some metered datametered data
Reviewed by NRM, PECI, kW EngineeringReviewed by NRM, PECI, kW Engineering
Refrigeration Load Refrigeration Load ShapesShapes
GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoad GrocFloatHeadAirGrocFloatHeadAir GrocFloatHeadEvapGrocFloatHeadEvap GrocNightCoverGrocNightCover GrocAutoCloserGrocAutoCloser GrocDoorGasketGrocDoorGasket
See
Grocery Shapes.xls
for map of measures & corresponding load shapes and derivation of shapes
Time SegmentsTime SegmentsDay of Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday HolidayHour
1 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 42 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 43 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 44 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 45 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 46 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 37 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 38 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 39 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
10 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 211 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 212 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 213 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 214 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 215 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 216 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 217 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 218 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 219 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 320 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 321 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 322 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 423 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 424 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4
Flat LoadFlat LoadFlat
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Pe
rce
nt
of
Ye
ar
Series4
Series3
Series2
Series1
GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad Follows shape of refrigeration load Follows shape of refrigeration load Responds to ambient conditions at heat sinkResponds to ambient conditions at heat sink Based on DOE2 model runs for 8760 hoursBased on DOE2 model runs for 8760 hours Tested impact of climate (Boise & Seattle)Tested impact of climate (Boise & Seattle) Tested impact of heat sink (Air & Water Tested impact of heat sink (Air & Water
Cooled)Cooled) Tested control type (Fixed & Floating Head)Tested control type (Fixed & Floating Head) Result:Result:
Total savings change with factorsTotal savings change with factors But shape of load remarkably similarBut shape of load remarkably similar
Proposal: Simple average of 8 casesProposal: Simple average of 8 cases
GrocRefLoadGrocRefLoad
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Averageof Jan
Averageof Feb
Averageof Mar
Averageof Apr
Averageof May
Averageof Jun
Averageof Jul
Averageof Aug
Averageof Sep
Averageof Oct
Averageof Nov
Averageof Dec
4
3
2
1
Data
Segment
Link to excel
GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoad
Shape is opposite refrigeration loadShape is opposite refrigeration load Savings occur when refrigeration Savings occur when refrigeration
load is reducedload is reduced Unloading compressors or condenser Unloading compressors or condenser
fans with VSD or floating suctionfans with VSD or floating suction Turn off walk-in evap fans when Turn off walk-in evap fans when
compressor is offcompressor is off Shape derived from compressor Shape derived from compressor
cycling datacycling data
GrocRefUnLoadGrocRefUnLoadGrocReferUnload
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Segment 4
Segment 3
Segment 2
Segment 1
GrocFloatHeadGrocFloatHead
Floating head pressure controlFloating head pressure control Source DOE2 runsSource DOE2 runs Average for climate, system type & heat Average for climate, system type & heat
sinksink Similar to GroceryUnLoad, but steeperSimilar to GroceryUnLoad, but steeper
Small savings in summerSmall savings in summer Little difference by climateLittle difference by climate Significant difference Air-Cooled versus Evap-Significant difference Air-Cooled versus Evap-
CooledCooled Proposal: Two shapes Air-Cooled & Evap Proposal: Two shapes Air-Cooled & Evap
CooledCooled
GrocFloatHeadGrocFloatHeadFHPC Savings for Evap-Cooled System
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Averageof Jan
Averageof Feb
Averageof Mar
Averageof Apr
Averageof May
Averageof Jun
Averageof Jul
Averageof Aug
Averageof Sep
Averageof Oct
Averageof Nov
Averageof Dec
4 - Evap
3 - Evap
2 - Evap
1 - Evap
Data
SegmentSink
FHPC Savings for Air-Cooled System
-2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Averageof Jan
Averageof Feb
Averageof Mar
Averageof Apr
Averageof May
Averageof Jun
Averageof Jul
Averageof Aug
Averageof Sep
Averageof Oct
Averageof Nov
Averageof Dec
4 - Air
3 - Air
2 - Air
1 - Air
Data
SegmentSink
New Load Shapes (3)New Load Shapes (3) GrocNightCoverGrocNightCover GrocAutoCloserGrocAutoCloser GrocDoorGasketGrocDoorGasket
GrocNightCover
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Series4
Series3
Series2
Series1
GrocAutoCloser
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Segment 4
Segment 3
Segment 2
Segment 1
GrocDoorGasket
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Series4
Series3
Series2
Series1
Measure LivesMeasure Lives Gaskets Gaskets 44 Night Covers Night Covers 5 5 Auto-closers Auto-closers 88 Anti-Sweat Heater Control Anti-Sweat Heater Control (8 or 12?)(8 or 12?) ECM Motors ECM Motors (12 or 15?)(12 or 15?) New Efficient cases New Efficient cases 1212 Condensers Condensers 1010 VFD Refrig MotorVFD Refrig Motor 1010 Multiplex systems Multiplex systems 1515 Floating Head Systems Floating Head Systems 1616 Case Lighting Case Lighting (12 or 16?)(12 or 16?)
For Details:
ESG Measures.xls
Need RecommendationsNeed RecommendationsPECI: Energy Smart Grocer ProgramPECI: Energy Smart Grocer Program
Savings method for interactive measuresSavings method for interactive measures Unitized savings using simplified Unitized savings using simplified
methodologymethodology Load shapes for savingsLoad shapes for savings Measure livesMeasure lives Sub Committee to:Sub Committee to:
Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Scope out evaluation plan & protocols Design empirical testing for Auto-closer, Design empirical testing for Auto-closer,
Door Gasket, Strip CurtainsDoor Gasket, Strip Curtains
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