APPLICATION: Primary Reserve GSS ™ Grid Storage Solution THE NEED FOR PRIMARY RESERVE Electric power grids must maintain frequency (50Hz or 60Hz depending on region) or risk a blackout − Frequency can fluctuate due to disturbances in generation, load, or transmission Primary Reserve resources serve to immediately stabilize the grid’s frequency − Ramp up and down in response to fluctuations in grid frequency; responds automatically in seconds Generators reserve 3% to 5% of their capacity for Primary Reserve − Also known as Frequency Response, Frequency Containment, Primary Frequency Control, or Spinning Reserve Reserve capacity Generator output is limited to provide primary reserve Generator can provide increased output with a GSS ™ providing its primary reserve obligation GENERATOR GENERATOR + GSS ™ Generator Power Output Risk of blackouts Risk of blackouts 60 59 59.5 59.9 60.1 60.5 61 Hz Grid Frequency Total blackout Total blackout Emergency Emergency Low High Too Low - more power needed Too High - reduce power N o r m a l R a n g e THE ROLE OF ENERGY STORAGE A battery energy storage system can effectively replace a generator’s reserve generation capacity obligation − The NEC Energy Solutions GSS ™ has been successfully used in this manner since 2009 and is the highest performing reserve asset in the region, faster and more consistent than other resources VALUE PROPOSITION Release of 3%-5% reserve capacity allows generation plants to increase output Additional generation capacity increases generator’s revenue Depending on the price of energy, and the nature of the reserve requirements, this can yield significant return on investment for the energy storage owner Energy storage also provides faster, more precise, and more consistent response than traditional assets for primary reserve GSS ™ Generator Power Output Time GSS ™ is capable of much faster response times (in milliseconds) and power output ramp rates than traditional generators.
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application:
Primary Reserve GSS™
Grid Storage Solution
THE NEED FOR PRIMARY RESERVE
�� Electric power grids must maintain frequency (50Hz or 60Hz depending on region) or risk a blackout
− Frequency can fluctuate due to disturbances in generation, load, or transmission
�� Primary Reserve resources serve to immediately stabilize the grid’s frequency
− Ramp up and down in response to fluctuations in grid frequency; responds automatically in seconds
�� Generators reserve 3% to 5% of their capacity for Primary Reserve
− Also known as Frequency Response, Frequency Containment, Primary Frequency Control, or Spinning Reserve
Reserve capacity
Generator output is limited
to provide primary reserve
Generator can provide increased
output with a GSS™ providing
its primary reserve obligation
GENERATOR GENERATOR + GSS™
Gen
erat
or P
ower
Out
put
Risk of blackouts
Risk of blackouts
60
59
59.559.9 60.1
60.5
61
HzGrid Frequency
Totalblackout
Totalblackout
Emergency Emergency
Low High
Too Low - more power needed
Too High - reduce power
Normal Range
THE ROLE OF ENERGY STORAGE
�� A battery energy storage system can effectively replace a generator’s reserve generation capacity obligation
− The NEC Energy Solutions GSS™ has been successfully used in this manner since 2009 and is the highest performing reserve asset in the region, faster and more consistent than other resources
VALUE PROPOSITION
�� Release of 3%-5% reserve capacity allows generation plants to increase output
�� Additional generation capacity increases generator’s revenue
�� Depending on the price of energy, and the nature of the reserve requirements, this can yield significant return on investment for the energy storage owner
�� Energy storage also provides faster, more precise, and more consistent response than traditional assets for primary reserve
GSS™
Generator
Pow
er O
utp
ut
Time
GSS™ is capable of much faster response times (in milliseconds) and power output ramp rates than traditional generators.
�� A stable grid is critically important to support Chile’s mining industry
�� In 2009, a 12MW, 4MWh GSS™ was installed in the Atacama Desert at the Los Andes substation in northern Chile to provide primary reserve to support a local power plant
�� In 2011, a second 20MW, 5MWh GSS™ was installed by the sea coast at Angamos, also in northern Chile, to replicate the success of the Los Andes site but supporting a different power plant
�� Both units have been performing with faster response, greater consistency, and higher availability than any other reserve resource in the region
�� Power plant output is now consistently higher than it was before by about 5%, providing increased revenue for their owners
NEC Energy Solutions, Inc.155 Flanders Road Westborough, MA 01581 (508) 497-7319 www.neces.com© 2014 NEC Energy Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved. MD100130-001 1
case study:
CDEC-SING* (Chile)
GRID
FREQUENCY
GSS
MW
50.5
50.0
49.5
49.0
48.8
15.0
10.0
5.00
0.00
-5.0
-10.
-15.
49.91 Hz
48.91 Hz
49.91 Hz
June 1114:48:00
14:50 14:52 14:54 14:56:15Time of Day
Grid Frequency
GSS™
100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150
25
20
15
10
5
0
Num
. Ob
s.
(MW)
Without GSS™ With GSS™
12.5MW/4MWh GSS™
Los Andes
20MW/5MWh GSS™
Angamos
Operational data from Los Andes taken June 11, 2011
Generator average output increased 5% after addition of the GSS™.
The GSS™ has responded faster and more consistently to frequency disturbances than any other primary reserve unit in Chile.
*The Center for Economic Load Dispatch of the Northern Interconnected System (CDEC-SING) is the entity in charge of coordinating operation of the electric utility grid in Northern Chile.
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