“Greening” the Network Through Advanced Conductor Technologies

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“Greening” the Network Through Advanced Conductor Technologies

Wednesday, 22nd September 2021

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©️ CTC Global 2021

Covid-19…

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Source: @statisticallycartoon

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Agenda

1. T&D Losses - John Hopkins Study

2. Line Losses - UK Focus

3. Advance Conductor Technologies And Green Networks

4. Who Is Looking At Network Efficiency?

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John Hopkins University Study

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-019-0544-3

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Network Losses – Compensatory Generation

949 Bn T/year CO2

Source: John Hopkins University Study

>50 % from fossil fuels

for 85 % countries

EMISSIONS from Power and Heat Generation

Other60%

Power & Heat40%

Global GHG Emissions

1,729 TWh/year COMPENSATORY

GENERATIONPOWER GENERATION

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Technical Losses - Globally

“…Only 32 countries mention grid efficiency in their GHG mitigation strategies”

Technical (I2R) Losses = >6% - ≥20% (source: https://iea-etsap.org/E-TechDS/PDF/E12_el-t&d_KV_Apr2014_GSOK.pdf

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COMPENSATORY GENERATION DUE TO LOSSES

949 BnT CO2/year

Source: John Hopkins University Study

REDUCED EMISSIONS411 Mt CO2/year

T&D Losses – Potential

Technical improvements

“Mitigation potential …

…often understated.”

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T&D Technical Losses – UK Focus

Variable Losses“…dependent on load, these are normally called variable lossesand represent about 2/3 of total technical losses”

Source: Ofgem

UK Losses Estimate“We have heard that losses are about 7% or 8% on distribution, 1% or 2% on transmission. That is 10%”

Source: UK Parliament

Transmission LossesTransmission losses in 2019: 328,737 GWh.

Source: UK Government

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https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/sites/default/files/docs/2009/05/sohn-overview-of-losses-final-internet-version.pdf

https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201415/cmselect/cmenergy/386/38607.html

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/904805/DUKES_2020_Chapter_5.pdf

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Line Losses Associated With UK Networks – Rough Calculation

2019 2020

I2R losses Over T&D Lines 17.37 TWh 16.52 TWh

Emissions Perspective

Fossil Fuel Emissions (MT) 4.73 MT 4.17MT

%age Overall UK Emissions 1.31% 1.28%

• All generation data derived from UK Government & DUKES• Transport data from UK Statistics & RAC• I2R Losses estimates on transmission lines from Paper prepared for Ofgem

Equivalent to:

Vehicle

Emissions

2,769,752

Emissions

10MW Offshore

Turbines@30% PF

661

“Negawatt” Effect

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What Are Advanced Conductors?

Conventional Steel Core

Advanced Composite Core

Feature How Does This Help?

Carbon-fiber/matrix Core –Stronger/Lighter

Smaller Core for same load-bearing capacityGreater strength – less sag

Trapezoidal Conductor Strands + 28% fill = more conductor/given diameter

Annealed aluminium replaces alloy - 10% resistance/km = lower losses

Thermal Stability, CTE <3% Lower sag, higher peak-load capability

Low Sag Wildfire Mitigation

HCLS(High Capacity Low Sag)

…And How Do They “Green” The Network?:

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Advanced Conductors – The Compelling Advantages.

High temperature capability = network future-proofing

Same capacity, less weight = Tower work

Narrower pathways = easier permitting

Lower resistive losses= 25-40%

Use existing infrastructure = Project costs/emissions

Benefits

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Recognised Technology in UK

SSE FFE-FFW 132kV

“…the conductor was twice as strong as steel, 70% lighter and able to

carry twice the amount of power. By using this technology and

strengthening the existing towers only 5 of the 156 towers needed to be

replaced, retaining 97% of the towers - sustainability at its best!”Pat Howe, Lead Project Manager, SSE

44km double-circuit line between Fort William and Fort Augustus utilizing ACCC®️ Monte Carlo ULS

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Advanced Conductors - Certified CO2 Emissions Savings

2016 - First Conductor to Receive Energy Efficiency/CO2 Certification

“SCS Global’s Certification of ACCC conductor creates significant new opportunities for corporate and governmental entities seeking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for regulatory or voluntary purposes. Certification allows transmission owning electric utilities and developers to evaluate and quantify CO2 emission reductions associated with using(Advanced) conductor in place of less efficient ASCR conductor, and to explore pathways for monetizing those reductions or using them to meet regulatory obligations.”

SCS Global Services News: CTC Global’s ACCC®️ Conductor Certification for reduced CO2 emissions

…verified that (ACCC® conductor) reduces CO2 emissions associated with transmission line losses by 27 to 31 percent under certain design conditions compared to conventional steel reinforced ACSR conductor.

https://www.scsglobalservices.com/news/ctc-globals-acccr-conductor-earns-first-third-party-certification-for-reduced-co2-emissions

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US Initiatives…

Senate Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill (2021):

Enhance Grid Resiliency:$5B in Grants…: “relocation of power lines or the reconductoring of power lines with low-sag, advanced conductors;…”

Transmission Facilitation Program. (DOE can) buy up to 50% of a project’s capacity with $2.5B revolving loan fund and $10B for PPP Loans that…“…use technology that enhances the capacity, efficiency, resiliency, or reliability of an electric power transmission system, including reconductoring of an existing electric power transmission line with advanced conductors … “

Deployment of Technologies to Enhance Grid Flexibility. $3B matching Grant Program. Includes: “…advanced transmission technologies such as … advanced conductors,… applied to existing transmission facilities that increase the network’s operational transfer capacity, ….

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ADB (Bangladesh):• Projects co-financed by ADB and AIIB• Other projects financed by KfW, Indian EXIM• ACCC®️ chosen conductor to mitigate GHG Emissions

Losses/Emissions as Evaluation Criteria

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”Financial losses caused by electrical losses due to conductor intrinsic resistivity will also be part of the Total Cost of Ownership. They will be evaluated in monetary terms with the MWh rate… “

Source: Elia Framework Tender

European Utilities…

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Evaluating Efficiency - Ideas

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Why Not Applied To Network Component Efficiency?

Europe USA

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• Uses Industry Standards(e.g. IEEE 738-2006).

• Results are comparable and add information to other programmes like PLS CADD™

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Compares:

• Technical Performance• Economic Aspects• Emission Savings• And Others

https://ccp.ctcglobal.com/

Emissions Comparison Software

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Greening The UK Network?

Projects require environmental TCO perspective, not just “good enough” at lowest purchase cost.

Advanced Conductors…

Lower Losses →Less Generation→Lower Emissions

Lower Project Cost

Future-proof Network

Lower TCO

“Greening” the Network Through Advanced Conductor Technologies

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