GREEN VEHICLE - Tarush Raiwani

NATIONAL CHILDREN SCIENCE CONGRESS

Introducing

GREEN VEHICLE: SUSTAINABLE FOSSIL FUELS AND GREEN ENVIRONMENT

TARUSH RAIWANI

INNOVATION

BY – TARUSH RAIWANI

PLANNING AND MODELLING

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AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

1) The use of environment polluting fuels like diesel and petrol should be discouraged so that the environment remains pollution free and the people live a healthy life.

2) The use of vehicles running on a renewable source of energy( solar cells and biodiesel) should be encouraged in order to minimize the use of non renewable fuel

sources and keep the environment clean and green…..

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After recognition of the problem:1) Gauchar market was to be surveyed

and the data for waste vegetable oil from the restaurants, cafes, hotels and tea stalls was to be collected

2) Oil was to be processed into bio diesel.3) Then survey of ponds and brooks was

to be done for algae.4) The oil then was to be extracted from

the algae in the school chemistry lab.

Following data was to be collected:1) No. Of children and the modes of

transportation.2) The fuel consumed by the vidyalaya

students daily.Analysis of data was to be done.

METHODOLOGY

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ASTUDENT DATA

PETROL / DIESEL USERS

STUDENTS COMING FROMDIESELVEHICLES

STUDENTSCOMING TOSCHOOL ON FOOT

STUDENTS COMING BYPETROL VEHICLES

ON FOOT = 44.7 %PETROL VEHICLES= 3.75%DIESEL VEHICLES = 51.55%

DAILY

STRENGTH OF SCHOOL = 520 STUDENTS

CO2 Released BY petrol and diesel vehicles

CO2 BY PETROL 43.7 KGCO2 BY DIESEL 59.4 KG

F

THE GRAPH HERE SHOWS THE ENERGY RESOURCES AND THE RUNNING OUT TIME

SOLUTION

Solar powered cars use solar panels to obtain energy from the sun which is then converted into electric energy for the running of the car. The solar panels of a solar car contains hundreds of

photo- voltaic cells. They convert sunlight into electricity . unlike objects that also use solar cells, solar cars can use different solar

cell technologies that often involve monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon and gallium arsenide . But solar panels can operate the car only for limited distances. So we need

alternate sources of energy.

SOLAR POWERED CARS

Biodiesel is the name to fuel for diesel engines created by the chemical conversion of animal fats or vegetable oil. Production of bio diesel constitutes the collection of the waste vegetable oil from various restaurants, tea shops, cafes etc. filtration through 5 micron filter, titration , trans esterification , washing of fuel. Etc.

BIODIESEL FROM WASTE VEGETABLE OIL

1. COLLECTION OF WASTE VEGETABLE OILSURVEY WAS CONDUCTED IN WHICH THE WASTE OIL FROM GAUCHAR MARKET AND THE HOUSES WAS COLLECTED.

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL

A 5 MICRON FILTRE

2.FILTRATION.THE OIL WAS FILTERED USING A 5 MICRON FILTRE……..

TITRATION1) Place 10 ml of methanol in a 50 ml flask.2) Add 1 ml of vegetable oil and mix it thoroughly with the methanol.3) Add the pH indicator(3 drops)4) Place 15ml 0.1% of NaOH in a 50 ml flask.5) Draw exactly 5 ml of NaOH solution in a graduated pipette.6) Add the 0.1% NaOH to the methanol-oil mixture.(one drop at a time)7) Continue to add the NaOH solution until a ph. of 9 is reached ( blue green color)

LOOK AT THE CORRESPONDING AMOUNT OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE REQUIRED FOR THE ENTIRE TITRATION.

ML TITRATION %FFA NaOH/GALLON

0 0.0 13.250.5 0.3578222 15.151.0 0.7156445 17.0251.5 1.0734667 18.9252.0 1.431289 20.8252.5 1.789112 22.703.0 2.1469334 24.63.5 2.5047557 26.54.0 2.8625779 28.384.5 3.220402 30.285.0 3.5782224 32.17

It is the reaction of a fat or oil with an alcohol to form esters and glycerol.THE REACTION IS SHOWN HERE

TRANSESTERIFICATION

The most commonly used alcohol for trans esterification are methanol, ethenol,

Propanol, butanol and amyl alcohol.

A catalyst is used to fasten the reaction and it allows the reaction to take place in the correct direction and towards the side of the

equilibrium. As The reaction is reversible.

1) DUE TO QUICK REACTION WITH TRIGLYCERIDES

2) IT DISSOLVES NaOH EASILY.

METHANOL IS USED MOST COMMONLY

?DRAINING OF GLYCEROLTHE GLYCEROL CAN BE REMOVED EASILY USING A SEPERATING FUNNEL DUE TO ITS LARGER DENSITY THAN THE BIODIESEL.

Now ,what we have, is the biodiesel which still needs washing. The water is used for the washing to remove the other impurities.

Then it is bubbled with air so that the remaining water can be removed in the form of bubbles.

» Algae is one of the fastest growing plant

» It can double itself in a few hours.The following processes are used for extraction of oil:-1) Oil press. It is the simplest process

and can extract about 75% of oil.2) Organic solvent method. An

organic solvent (benzene) is used to break the cell walls and extract out the oil.

3) ultra sonication Algae is pressurized and heated to extract 100 % oil. Co2 is added to convert the algae into oil.

ALGAE OIL EXTRACTION

ULTRASONICATIONThis is another method of extracting oil from algae.

Intense sonication of liquids generates sound waves that propagate into the liquid media resulting in alternating

High and low pressure cycles. During the low Pressure

High intensity small vacuum bubbles are created In the

Liquid . when the bubbles attain a certain size, they Collapse

Violently during the high pressure cycle. This is called Cavitation.

During the implosion very high pressures and high speed liquid jets are produced locally. The resulting shear forces break the cell structure mechanically and improve material

transfer. This effect supports the extraction of lipids from algae.

MODIFICATION IN CAR BODY

CELLULOSE BASED LIGHT WEIGHT MATERIAL: It is ultra light and strong . it is as strong as an alloy of steel and reduces the car weight by 3/5.

USING CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED PLASTIC.It is ultra light and ultra strong, and makes the car fuel efficient.

SOLAR POWER

1) ONLY INSTALLATION CHARGES. NEGLEGIBLE RUNNING COST.2) RENEWABLE SOURCE OF ENERGY. (SUN)3) SOLAR PANELS HAVE VERY LONG LIVES.

BIODIESEL FROM WASTE VEGETABLE OIL

1) RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE UNLIKE PETROLEUM DIESEL.2) LESS POLLUTING. (AMOUNT OF CO2 REMAINS BALANCED)3) IT CAN BE BLENDED WITH ANY OTHER FUEL .(PETROL, PETROLEUM DIESEL ETC.)

BIODIESEL FROM ALGAE

1) ALGAE IS THE FASTEST GROWING CROP. IT CAN DOUBLE ITSELF IN HOURS. 2)EXTRACTING ALGAE FROM WATER CAN SAVE MARINE LIFE. IT PREVENTS EUTROPHICATION.3) LESS POLLUTING, CHEAP AND RENEWABLE FUEL FOR VEHICLES.

ADVANTAG

ES

THANK YOU