GREEN NETWORKS-AN OVERVIEW BY, NEENU.K.S ROLL NO:22,EC ASIET 1 GUIDED BY, Ms. SHANTHI.S.PRABHU
GREEN NETWORKS-AN OVERVIEWBY,NEENU.K.SROLL NO:22,ECASIET
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GUIDED BY,Ms. SHANTHI.S.PRABHU
INTRODUCTION
The practice of selecting energy-efficient networking technologies
and products, and minimizing resource use whenever possible.
Green Networking practices includes:
upgrading older equipments for newer.
more energy-efficient products.
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OVERVIEW
Introduction
Causes for power consumption.
Methods to increase energy efficiency.
Conclusion
Reference
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OBJECTIVES
To analyze the energy consumption in different fields.
To know about the methods to reduce such consumptions and
thus to increase energy efficiency .
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POWER CONSUMPTION IN DIFFERENT FIELDS
Information and Communication Technology(ICT) contributes 2%
of CO2 emission.
The first problem of the high levels of energy consumption is that
it is often necessary to use fossil fuel (e.g. diesel), which produces
large amounts of GHG.
The figures are going to triple by 2020.
Objects in Mirror are
Close than they Appear
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POWER CONSUMPTION IN DIFFERENT
FIELDS(contd..)
Most of the power loss occurs in base stations of cellular
network and can be illustrated as:
Figure :Estimated energy consumption in the BS. Source ref [1] 6
MECHANISMS THAT REDUCE ENERGY
CONSUMPTIONS
CELL LAYOUT ADAPTATION(CLA)
CELL SHAPING TECHNIQUES
MACRO-FEMTO CELLS
DEPLOYMENT
REPEATERSS
ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION
MECHANISM &RRM
COMPONENT APPROACH
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CELL LAYOUT ADAPTATION TECHNIQUES
The technique that yields higher energy reduction at a network
scale.
Cell shaping techniques
8Figure : Cell shape adaptation in function of traffic distribution Source:ref [1]
Cell shaping techniques (continue..)
Best way to decrease energy consumption in cellular network is
to adapt cell layout traffic distribution by cell shaping.
The basic idea is to turn off most of the base stations during low
traffic period.
For switching off, its necessary that the base station about to be
deactivated redistribute the traffic to their closest neighbours.
Some base stations will not be able to redistribute their traffic
and will remain active ,and this is said as ‘cell is breathing’
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Macro -femto radio access deployments
It’s a technique gaining more relevance in current trends.
A macro cell is a cell in a mobile phone network that provides
radio coverage served by a high power cellular base station
(tower).
A femto cell is a small, low-power cellular base station, typically
designed for use in a home or small business.
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Macro -femto radio access deployments(continue..)
Femto cells are good solution to enforce the capacity of a
macrocell deployment without a high increase in energy
consumption.
This avoids introduction of new macro BS’s to extend coverage
and availability.
Figure :Simplified diagram of a joint deployment of femto/macro BSs. Source:ref [1]
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Repeaters
Device used for boosting the cell phone reception.
Similar to the cellular broadcast towers used for broadcasting
by the network providers.
They are smaller, usually intended for use in one building.
12Fig:A radio repeater retransmits a radio signal.
ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS
AND RRM
MIMO- In radio, multiple-input and multiple-output is the use
of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to improve
communication performance. It is one of several forms of smart
antenna technology.
It offers significant increases in data throughput and link range
without additional bandwidth or increased transmit power.
Fig :MIMO system 13
ENERGY EFFICIENT TRANSMISSION MECHANISMS
AND RRM(continue..)
RRM-Radio resource management is the system level control of co-
channel interference and other radio transmission characteristics
in wireless communication systems.
RRM involves strategies and algorithms for controlling parameters
such as transmit power,user allocation, data rates, handover criteria,
modulation scheme, error coding scheme, etc.
The objective is to utilize the limited radio-frequency spectrum
resources and radio network infrastructure as efficiently as possible.
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COMPONENT APPROACH
Mainly concerned with the RF power amplifier section in the
base stations of RAN(Random Access Network).
RF section consumes about 60-70% of the energy supplied.
New internal base structure architectures have been
developed to overcome this.
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CONCLUSION
In the present context its essential that we everyone should
be aware of energy saving.
Practical implementations for Green wireless networks are
needed quickly.
Better link should be established between advanced
research proposals and practical mechanisms.
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[1]EURASIP Journel on Wireless communications and Networking 2012
Found at: http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2012/1/142
[2] M Nokleby, B Aazhang, User cooperation for energy-efficient cellular
communications, in IEEE International Conference on
Communications(ICC),2010. Cape Town, South Africa, 1–5 (May 2010)
[3] Mobile VCE, Fibre-to-Air for Cellular Applications–Improving Network
Flexibility & Energy Efficiency.
Found at: http://www.mobilevce.com/newsite/sites/default/files/infostore/
ibriefFIBREtoAIR%284%29.pdf
REFERENCE
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Thank You!
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