Green Computing - Arizona State Universityimpact.asu.edu/cen591fa12/GreenComputingv4.pdfGreen Computing ‐‐Dr. Sandeep Gupta Overview • Green Computing – Definition – Green

Green Computing‐‐Dr. Sandeep Gupta

http://impact.asu.edu/

Overview

• Green Computing – Definition– Green computing in relation to Data center

• Data centers – How data center works?– Data Center types

• Green computing as a solution to energy problems in data center

• Sustainability and green computing initiatives.

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What is Green Computing?


Is it about a different hardware?

Just a buzz word?

Renewable energy?

How green is green computing?

Green Computing

Green Computing Initiative defines it as:

“Eco‐Friendly Green Computing is the study and practice of the design, development, implementation, utilization and disposal of sustainable information technology infrastructure efficiently and effectively with low or zero impact on the environment whilst reducing operating costs.”


Green Computing is..


The study and practice of efficient and eco‐friendly computing resources

Alternative Energy

resources

Power Efficient

Computing

Recyclable products for environment

http://www.electronicsweekly.com/

…maximizing energy efficiency during product lifetime and minimizing environmental footprint.

Trend of increasing internet data


http://www.design‐reuse.com/articles/23546/bandwidth‐engine.html

Phone applicationsand social networking

malksp.com

Cloud Computing

Internet Speed


Is Green Computing related to Data centers?

What does a data center do?

• IT • High Performance Computing• Communication• Gaming• Application• Data Storage• Social Networking


dlib.org

http://experiencematters.criticalmass.com/2011/06/07/june‐tech‐trends‐my‐laptops‐a‐web‐browser‐and‐my‐wallets‐a‐phone/

dropbox.comhttp://www.my4hrworkweek.com

dci.clrc.ac.uk

Data center technologies• Mega data centers

– Colossal computer facilities packed with tens of thousands of servers to power cloud computing.

• Data center in container– Modularized data centers


Mega data center

• Microsoft Mega data center –Dublin– To provide cloud computing

services

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http://www.latestdigitals.com/2011/08/18/cloud‐service‐rely‐it‐you/

• Cloud computing is availability of access to computing facility, storage, applications over the internet with use of no specific hardware at the user end.

Container

Advantages• Scalability

– Deployment time is faster• Flexibility

– Modular data center will be used when required, shipped to destinations when required

• Security– Limited people access

container infrastructure• Technology

– Modular contained can be updated with latest equipment

Disadvantages• Requires more space.• Cost increase due to

individual infrastructure.

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iALO1kHf4Qs&feature=related – video link

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Data center‐ future vision

http://spectrum.ieee.org/tech‐talk/semiconductors/devices/what‐will‐the‐data‐center‐of‐the‐future‐look‐like

Data centers are growing…

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Projected electricity use in data centers

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http://www.energystar.gov/ia/partners/prod_development/downloads/EPA_Datacenter_Report_Congress_Final1.pdf

Interesting Fact :Consumption is increasing 20% per year….Energy Cost of running server hardware is becoming more than the cost of server!

http://www.greenci.org/

Projected World Energy

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0.0

100.0

200.0

300.0

400.0

500.0

600.0

700.0

800.0

900.0

1990 2000 2008 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035Power use (q

uadrillion British th

ermal units)

year

World Energy Consumption

Total

http://www.eia.gov/

Data center use 2% of world electricity

Energy sources in data center

• Hydro • Nuclear• Geothermal• Solar• Wind

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Data center life cycle‐ Carbon footprint

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Caveats –Natural gas

• Is natural gas green?– Researchers at Cornell University say “When burned to generate electricity, natural gas emits roughly half as much carbon dioxide per megawatt‐hour as coal.

– But over its life cycle, natural gas could result in far more greenhouse‐gas emissions, whether through intentional venting, equipment leaks, or cracking.”

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*Ref [1]

Caveats ‐ Shipping to Streamingwhich is greener?

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Results (compared to shipping)

Energy Carbon footprint (electricity. cooling)

Non Optimized Streaming

78% 100%

Using Green IT techniques (using techniques that reduce energy consumption in data center)

30% 65%

Major stakeholders

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HP Energy and Sustainability

IBM Sustainability and Green Infrastructure

Look inside the data centers….

Green Computing–Initiatives in green IT companies

Virtualization and

Consolidation

Energy Efficiency

Travel Reduction

Asset Disposal

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Reducing environmental impact of technologies Saving Money

How green is my data center?

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• Energy‐Sustainability: measures percentage of energy used from green sources to powerdata centers. Such metrics are provided by Green Grid

equipment ITby consumedEnergy center data by the consumedenergy electric Total (PUE) essEffectiven ePower Usag

equipment ITby consumedEnergy reusedEnergy -energy electric Total (ERE) essEffectiven ReuseEnergy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O96PwWkJdUo&feature=player_embedded#!

Green Computing at all data center levels

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• Server level power management

• Data center level power management (cooling + computing)

• Management across data center

Power Management for a Server

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http://connectedsocialmedia.com/intel/189/radical‐rethinking‐in‐chip‐design‐intels‐core‐i7‐ready‐to‐launch/

Video Link – Intel multicoretechnology with power management

Intel.com

Make your processor run slower

zz..ZzZzz…

Green Computing at data center level –Workload management and VM migration

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Data center megatechinfoserve.blogspot.com

VM migration

Workload Management

VM Consolidation

Server rack

VM’s migrated to a single machine

praestogroup.com

• Use equipment that automatically goes to sleep – (Energy Star)

• Turn off the peripherals• Use ink jet printers as they use 80‐90% less energy than laser jet.

• Use flat panel monitors replacing the CRTs.

• Use renewable energy• … more…

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Green Computing from client side

DND

Zzzzzzzzzz…. .zz….

What can you do at client side?

While minimizing the energy use in the data center

Overdesign• Like extra pairs of shoes…

Edge Design• Balancing with just enough

resources

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Are these savings really enough to save our future environment?

Jevons Paradox: When Doing More with Less Isn’t Enough

If our machines use less energy, will we just use them more?http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/12/20/101220fa_fact_owen#ixzz1ZpkWtzCp

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http://ourenergyfutures.org/page‐titre‐The_Jevons_Paradox‐cid‐25.

Sustainability solutions

In a first‐of‐a‐kind trial, the planned Aquasar system will use water to cool thesupercomputer’s processor.Through a network that emulates the human vascular system, and highly efficient chip‐levelcoolers, 60°C water will be used to cool the processor’s chips and transport excess heat away.This will be directed towards the heating system of ETH Zurich where the energy can bereused (see diagram). The system could potentially save up to 30 tons of CO2 per yearcompared with a similar system using current cooling technologies

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http://www.gridtalk.org/Documents/gridsandgreen.pdf

Summary

• Data center are becoming expensive and affecting the environment, hence Green Computing initiatives are coming into picture.

• Green Concepts provides solutions to sustainable computing saving more resources and money.

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Reference1. Technology Review article – published by MIT2. Anand Seetharam, Manikandan Somasundaram, Don Towsley, Jim Kurose, and Prashant Shenoy. 2010.

Shipping to streaming: is this shift green?. In Proceedings of the first ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Green networking (Green Networking '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 61‐68. DOI=10.1145/1851290.1851304 http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1851290.1851304

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Virtual Meetings

End – End Life Cycle of green products

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manufacturing

supplier

transportation

packaging

In usemaintenance

disposal

Lot of energy is expended in generating resources

How much energy is spent in disposal and recycle?