Greece powerpoint Julia and Nicola

Julia and Nicola

• 2000 BC-200 BC•Peak was 500 BC-400 BC•Greeks controlled mainland and surrounding lands during peak

The Olympics- Originated in GreeceThe Olympics- Originated in Greece Astonishing architecture-Parthenon, Astonishing architecture-Parthenon,

templestemples Great philosophers Great philosophers Their theatre arts such as in acting Their theatre arts such as in acting Amazing paintingsAmazing paintings Beautiful poetryBeautiful poetry Gods- Many, Well knowGods- Many, Well know

Dedicated to Athena Construction-447 BC to 438 BC Carved Blocks Cream Colored Marble Held together by wooden pegs & metal

clamps Rows of columns Inside- huge statue of Athena

Two main groups-citizens and slaves Citizens

◦ Men only◦ Could own property ◦ Take place in politics & law◦ Most adult men were citizens

Women◦ Not considered citizens ◦ Few or no rights◦ Little power outside of home

Slaves◦ Not considered citizens ◦ Usually prisoners of war◦ Owned ◦ Bought and sold-like

property◦ Some lived comfortably ◦ Some lived poorly- bad

homes, mines◦ Most paid◦ Could buy their freedom

Lots of decorative tile Lots of decorative tile tile on roofstile on roofson floorson floors

Some floors made of Some floors made of pebblespebbles

High walls and ceilings High walls and ceilings Tall gatesTall gates Columns used to hold up Columns used to hold up

roofsroofs Have two bedroomsHave two bedrooms

Rich had grand one or two story housesRich had grand one or two story houses Houses pretty much same as poor housesHouses pretty much same as poor houses Houses in different district in townHouses in different district in town Spent money on expensive clothes, slaves, Spent money on expensive clothes, slaves,

jewelsjewels Drank HoneywineDrank Honeywine Children learned to ride horsebackChildren learned to ride horseback

Bread dipped in wineBread dipped in wine Cheese – Goat CheeseCheese – Goat Cheese Dried fish or fresh fish- Ocean CitiesDried fish or fresh fish- Ocean Cities Pork and beef –rarely eaten-high price.Pork and beef –rarely eaten-high price. Vegetables & FruitVegetables & Fruit

◦ Figs- fig treesFigs- fig trees◦ PomegranatesPomegranates◦ Dates-fresh and driedDates-fresh and dried◦ Grapes-wine and eatingGrapes-wine and eating◦ OlivesOlives

Sweetmeats-dates, figs, nuts, sesame Sweetmeats-dates, figs, nuts, sesame seeds, honeyseeds, honey

Family very important Grown kids return for celebrations City families small-two children Country families larger-usually three kids Extended families

◦ Mother◦ Father ◦ Children◦ Grandparents◦ Aunts & Uncles ◦ Cousins

Marriages arranged by parents Marriages arranged by parents Women married between 14-18 Women married between 14-18 Men married between 20-30Men married between 20-30 Couple would go to the mans parents house Couple would go to the mans parents house

and shower in fruits and nutsand shower in fruits and nuts Child must be conceived in their union Child must be conceived in their union If wife could carry child or children divorce If wife could carry child or children divorce

was legalwas legal Divorces granted on many groundsDivorces granted on many grounds

Midwife sat on stool or chair in room Baby placed on pillow

◦ Wrapped in bandages◦ Newborn many be swaddled

Most babies died at or shortly after birth◦ Didn’t receive names until 7 or 10 day of

life Some babies abandoned

◦ If born deformed sometimes abandoned on mountain tops

◦ Girls abandoned more often then boys◦ Abandoned babies also sometimes rescued

by other families and brought up as slaves

Many children died in first days Many children died in first days of birthof birth

Children learned poetry and Children learned poetry and many other things through many other things through songssongs

GirlsGirls◦ Stayed home until marriedStayed home until married◦ Could go to some festivals, funerals Could go to some festivals, funerals

and briefly visit neighboursand briefly visit neighbours◦ Help mothers and in fields if Help mothers and in fields if

neededneeded

GirlsGirls◦ Stayed home until marriedStayed home until married◦ Could go to some festivals, funerals and briefly Could go to some festivals, funerals and briefly

visit neighboursvisit neighbours◦ Help mothers and in fields if neededHelp mothers and in fields if needed

BoysBoys◦ Help in fieldsHelp in fields◦ Stayed home when youngStayed home when young◦ Helped in fieldsHelped in fields◦ Sailing and fishingSailing and fishing

Boys only at schoolBoys only at school Fee’s Charged- Only Rich boys usuallyFee’s Charged- Only Rich boys usually Age 6 and youngerAge 6 and younger

◦ educated by mom or male slave at homeeducated by mom or male slave at home Age 6-14Age 6-14

◦ Neighbour-hood primary school or private schoolNeighbour-hood primary school or private school◦ Books rare due to costBooks rare due to cost◦ Learned to read aloudLearned to read aloud◦ Had to memorize everything Had to memorize everything ◦ Wrote using writing tables and rulersWrote using writing tables and rulers◦ Learned Words of Homer (famous poet)Learned Words of Homer (famous poet)◦ Learned to play LyreLearned to play Lyre◦ Teachers could choose classes to teach (drama, public speaking, Teachers could choose classes to teach (drama, public speaking,

government, art, reading, writing, math, play instrumentgovernment, art, reading, writing, math, play instrument

15-17◦ High school

18-20◦ Military School◦ Age twenty- Graduate

Girls◦ Some learned to read and write at home◦ Learned from mothers- look after house, spin,

weave by Very Different then Spartan education

Our life Raised to doing what they

want Can lead own life Not usually slaves Always live with family Rarely abandoned by

parents Choose who to marry All kids go to school Starts When seven

Their lifeSometimes abandoned by parentsMarried off by parentsHad to do what parents saidGirls not schooledStarts when seven

Believed they had to worship gods to have good fortune

Number of rituals, rite, sacrifices to impress gods

Temples, shrines, statues- places to offer sacrifice to gods

Very important part of society Twelve Pantheon Gods (Olympian Gods) Different gods for every aspect of life and

the world

Main Gods◦ Zeus*- Kings of Gods & Ruler of Mt Olympus; god of sky and thunder◦ Hera*- Queen of Gods, goddess of marriage & motherhood◦ Poseidon*- Lord of the Seas; god of the sea, earthquakes and horses◦ Demeter*- Goddess of fertility, agriculture, nature & seasons◦ Hades- Lord of the dead, god of the underworld & earthly wealth◦ Hestia- Goddess of Hearth and home◦ Aphrodite*- Goddess of love, beauty & sexuality◦ Apollo*- God of light, healing, music, poetry, prophecy, archery, & arts◦ Ares*- God of war & bloodshed◦ Artemis*- Goddess of hunt & moon◦ Athena*- Goddess of wisdom, crafts, & battle strategy◦ Dionysus*- God of wine, festivities & ecstasy◦ Hephaestus*- Blacksmith of Gods; god of fire & the forge◦ Hermes*- Messenger of Gods; god of commerce and thieves

◦Athena Goddess of wisdom, crafts, &

battle strategy Maiden Goddess Born when Zeus had headache –

came out of his head Created spiders (Arachne) Parthenon- Dedicated to Athena Athens named after Athena – gave

gift of olive tree Protector of Athens

Typically HomemadeTypically Homemade Men and women 2 mainMen and women 2 main

◦ Tunic (peplos or chiton)Tunic (peplos or chiton)◦ Cloak (himation)Cloak (himation)

Peplos- large rectangle, heavy fabric(wool), Peplos- large rectangle, heavy fabric(wool), fold over upper edge, fold reaches waist, fold over upper edge, fold reaches waist, placed around body, fastened on should by placed around body, fastened on should by pin/broach, floor lengthpin/broach, floor length

Chiton- light material (linen), very long, Chiton- light material (linen), very long, rectangular, sewn up on sides, pinned/sewn rectangular, sewn up on sides, pinned/sewn at shoulders, girded at waist (usually), floor at shoulders, girded at waist (usually), floor lengthlength◦ Men: knee length or shorterMen: knee length or shorter

Himation- rectangular, heavy fabric Himation- rectangular, heavy fabric (wool/linen), draped diagonally (1 shoulder (wool/linen), draped diagonally (1 shoulder or both (shoulders)or both (shoulders)

Epiblema (sometimes)- Women, shawl like, Epiblema (sometimes)- Women, shawl like, over peplos/chitonover peplos/chiton

Chlamys (often)- men, short cloak, for ridingChlamys (often)- men, short cloak, for riding Foot wearFoot wear

◦ Sandals, slippers, soft shoes, boots home- Sandals, slippers, soft shoes, boots home- barefootbarefoot

Wealthy GreeksWealthy Greeks◦ Decorated materialDecorated material

Important part of life Thought music way of honouring

gods Architecture considered form of art Sculptures form of art

Music and Dance Various Festivals for honoring different gods Anthesteria

◦ Parts sacred to Dionysus◦ Day 1

Jars of new wine opened Wine drunk by slaves and master- side by side

◦ Day 2 Blessed new wine Drunk more wine to sound of trumpets Children have holiday from school Children given small beaker to participate Men and slaves have drinking contest

Themophoria◦ In honor of Demeter◦ Women only◦ Pray for fertility

The Ancient Athenian Greeks were an intelligent, adept culture. They had many amazing architectural sites and many of today's ideas started in ancient Greek. From word roots to reading and writing, Ancient Greece was an outstanding civilization.

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