Graphic Presentation Using Excel Chart axes and axis tricks – Adding a line – Adding arbitrary gridlines(d ummy axis) Examples – Interaction effect – Stacked.

Graphic Presentation Using Excel

• Chart axes and axis tricks– Adding a line– Adding arbitrary gridlines(dummy axis)

• Examples– Interaction effect– Stacked charts with vertical separation– Bar chart with broken axis

• Most of materials covered here are from the following websitehttp://peltiertech.com/Excel/Charts/

ChartIndex.html

Chart Axes and Axis Tricks

• Adding a horizontal/vertical line in a chart1) adding a new series2) applying it to the secondary axes3) making the secondary axes disappear

• Adding arbitrary gridlines1) adding a new series2) adding an error bar3) making the Y axes disappear.

Adding a horizontal /vertical line

• The added line actually is a new data series

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Add A Horizontal Line

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Add A Horizontal Line

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Step 1: adding a new series a) Generate a bar

chart for Y valuesb) Generate a new

series, and set up a range with X and Y values corresponding to the endpoints of your indicator line.

c) Add the new series into the chart by copying and pasting special.

Step 1 : adding a new series

d) Select the new series, and right click the mouse to select the “Change Series Chart Type” menu.

e) Change it to XY(scatter) w/o marker

Step 2: applying to the 2nd axes

a) Select the new series, and change it to secondary axis.

b) Right click the top axis, and change the min to 0, and the max to 1.

c) Hide all axis markers.

Step 3: making the 2nd axes disappear

a) Click the right Y axis, and delete it using the backspace key.

Step 3 : making the 2nd axes disappear

b) Click the end point of the new series, and right click to select the “Add Data Label”.

Finally, a bar chart with a line

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Adding arbitrary gridlines

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Step 1: adding a new series

a) Insert a x y scatter plot

b) Generate a new series that contains vertical locations of the gridlines.

Step 1 : adding a new series

c) Add the new series into the chart by copying and pasting special.

Step 2:adding an error bar

a) Select the new series and add error bar for horizontal direction, and specify the custom value to the max of the x axis.

Step 3: making the Y axes disappear

a) Change the max of Y and X axes to their original values.

b) Remove the legend.

Step 3: making the Y axes disappear

c) Remove the markers and the original gridlines.

d) To add the labels for the gridlines, you need some help from others.

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50Rob Bovey's XY Chart Labeler

Example 1

• Interaction effect

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black other white

Categorical interactionseye

contact no eye contactAverag

e

Flirty-face 9.28 7.52 0 8.385smilling 9.12 8.73 3.5 8.385

not smiling 8.09 7.57

Flirty-face smilling not smiling7

7.5

8

8.5

9

9.5

Average

eye contact

no eye contact

Categorical continuous interaction

• Black=1

• Other=1

• Black=0 & Other=0

iiiii exxxy 2i

2ii *O*02.*B*01.*2.O*4.B*8.4

2*01.*2.8.4ˆ iii xxy

2*02.*2.4.4ˆ iii xxy

ii xy *2.4ˆ

Categorical continuous interaction

xblac

kothe

rwhit

e0 4.8 3.6 41 4.99 3.82 4.22 5.16 4.08 4.43 5.31 4.38 4.64 5.44 4.72 4.85 5.55 5.1 56 5.64 5.52 5.27 5.71 5.98 5.48 5.76 6.48 5.69 5.79 7.02 5.810 5.8 7.6 611 5.79 8.22 6.212 5.76 8.88 6.413 5.71 9.58 6.6

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black other white

2*01.*2.8.4ˆ: iii xxyBlack 2*02.*2.4.4ˆ: iii xxyOther

ii xyWhite *2.4ˆ:

Example 2

• Stacked Charts With Vertical Separation

Example 2 A B C

3-Jan 6.16% 482,2027,822,78

0

4-Jan 5.87% 398,3926,788,55

2

5-Jan 2.60% 365,58114,064,4

87

8-Jan 5.89% 359,3536,102,29

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9-Jan 3.80% 372,8969,812,27

0

10-Jan 4.42% 402,3579,102,14

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1 2 3 4 5 60.00%

200000000.00%

400000000.00%

600000000.00%

800000000.00%

1000000000.00%

1200000000.00%

1400000000.00%

1600000000.00%

ABC

Example 2: What to do?

• Plot the series into different charts and then stack them together.

• How do we get started?1. Massage your data2. Add two gridlines to separate the chart into

three3. Add several dummy axes to show the

different scale

Step 1:Massage your data A B C A-plot B-plot C-plot

3-Jan 6.16%482,20

2 7,822,780 0.28 0.64 0.76

4-Jan 5.87%398,39

2 6,788,552 0.26 0.50 0.73

5-Jan 2.60%365,58

114,064,48

7 0.04 0.44 0.97

8-Jan 5.89%359,35

3 6,102,299 0.26 0.43 0.70

9-Jan 3.80%372,89

6 9,812,270 0.12 0.45 0.83

10-Jan 4.42%402,35

7 9,102,141 0.16 0.50 0.80

Min 2.60%359,35

3 6,102,299 2% 300000 5000000

Max 6.16%482,20

214,064,48

7 7% 5000001500000

0

3/2000,500000,000,15/000,500Cplot

3/1000,300000,500/000,300Bplot

3/%2%7/%2Aplot

C

B

A

Step 2

• Add two gridlines to separate the chart into 3 using the gridline tricks just mentioned above or simply changing the major unit to 0.3333333.

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A-plot B-plot C-plot

Step 3• Add three vertical gridlines (dummy axes)

using the copy-paste-special trick

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A-plot B-plot C-plot

X-left X-right A-labels B-labels C-labels A-axis B-axis C-axis

0 7 2% 300,000 5,000,000 0 0.3333330.666667

0 7 3% 350,000 7,000,000 0.0666670.4166670.733333

0 7 4% 400,000 9,000,000 0.133333 0.5 0.8

0 7 5% 450,00011,000,00

0 0.2 0.5833330.866667

0 7 6% 500,00013,000,00

0 0.2666670.6666670.933333

0 7 7% #N/A15,000,00

0 0.333333 #N/A 1

Step 3

• Use Rob Bovey's XY Chart Labeler to label the dummy axes.

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0.6666670.733333

0.80.8666670.933333

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0.333333

0.416667

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0.583333

0.666667

000.0666670.133333

0.20.2666670.333333

A-plot B-plot C-plot

Example 3

• Broken Y axis.

Example 3

• The problem: some bars are too high…

London Paris Madrid Brussels Lisbon Munich0

5,000,000

10,000,000

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30,000,000

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40,000,000

May June July

Example 3: what to do?

• Plot a fake data!1. Massage your data 2. Add dummy axis to show the different scale3. Add a “broken” sign.

May June July

London 1,234,565 1,452,369 1,478,852

Paris 2,363,645 34,568,876 5,562,413

Madrid 32,645,254 3,211,654 5,857,421

Brussels 5,914,753 5,544,221 3,620,015

Lisbon 5,824,676 4,541,258 4,015,876

Munich 2,501,478 6,325,698 4,569,872

Too big!

Step 1: Massage your data

Two values are too big to fit the chart. • If a value is greater than 8,000,000 then trim

it by subtract a constant (e.g., 23,000,000), and

• Adjust the Y axis to reflect that using a discontinued scale.

The label is wrong!

London Paris Madrid Brussels Lisbon Munich0

2,000,000

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May June July

Step 2

• Add a dummy axis (vertical arbitrary gridline).

Markers Labels0 0 0

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aBru Li

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May June July

Step 2

• Apply labels.• Use the horizontal error bar as tick

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12,000,000

May June July

Step 3• Now it's time to add the breaks in the axis and

in the columns.• We need figure it out where the breaks should

be, and then insert a break as a custom marker.

L P M Br Li M

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

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6,000,000

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10,000,000

11,000,000

12,000,000

May June July

Positions

Step 3

• Gap Width: this is the width between adjacent clusters of columns, in the percentage of a single column's width. The default is 150%.

• The # of Series: this is the number of series in the chart (3, for May, June, and July).     

• The # of Clusters: this is the number of clusters in each series (6, for the number of cities).

Step 3

• There are three series, and six clusters in the chart. we need three break markers, which can be identified by cluster and series number.

Series Cluster0 02 21 3

01,000,0002,000,0003,000,0004,000,0005,000,0006,000,0007,000,000

9,000,00010,000,00011,000,00012,000,000

May June July

Gap Width 150# of

Series 3# of

Cluster 6

Step 3

• Except for the Y axis, horizontal position can be calculated as follows,

[Cluster-1+(150/200+Series-.5)/(150/100+3)]/6

• Recall that the vertical position is 8,000,000. • Just play the copy-paste-special trick again.

Series ClusterX

PositionY

position

0 0 08,000,00

0

2 2 0.258,000,00

0

1 3 0.379638,000,00

0

Step 4

• Draw a parallelogram autoshape to replace the dot in the chart. “ “

• Select the cut off series, and paste the break symbol.

London Paris MadridBrussels Lisbon Munich0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

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5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

9,000,000

10,000,000

11,000,000

12,000,000

May June July Cut Off

Finally a broken Y axis chart!

L P M Br L M

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

9,000,000

10,000,000

11,000,000

12,000,000

May June July