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GRAPHENE REINFORCED METAL COMPOSITES AND POLYMER COMPOSITES`GIBIN SUNNY ` B090565MEJEFFIN V THOMAS B090367MEPRADEEP EAPEN MATHEW B090370MESUHAS NAHAS B090086MEVIPIN DAS B090648ME1

OBJECTIVETo enhance the properties of metals such as Aluminium, Copper, Magnesium etc and polymers such as PDMS, epoxy, polyethylene which are extensively used, by reinforcing them with graphene which is a material having high tensile strength, thermal conductivity, optical transmittance and various other mechanical and physical properties.2

GRAPHENEUNIQUE PROPERTIES

Large theoretical specific area (2360 m2/g) Thermal conductivity (5000 W/mk ) High intrinsic mobility (200,000 cm2/sv )Extremely high Youngs modulus (1.0 TPa) Optical transmittance (97.7%)

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ALUMINIUM STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONSHIGH STRENGTH TO WEIGHT RATIOTensile Strength : 200 MPa to 600 MPa.Density : 2.70 gcm3

APPLICATIONSAircraft industry, marine/shipbuilding industry, AND rail transport industryEngine Blocks, Wheels, Cylinder heads, Bumper beams in automobiles.High pressure gas cylinders.

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ALUMINIUMTHERMAL APPLICATIONSTHERMAL PROPERTIESThermal Conductivity : 237Wm1K1Thermal Expansion : 23.1 mm1K1

APPLICATIONSThermal Dissipation by a Fin System that will Draw Heat away from the Engine CasingHeat Exchanger for efficient heat transfer from one fluid to anotherHeat Sink in various electronic devicesHeat transfer fin stock and heat transfer tubes in automobiles

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POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANEAPPLICATIONS

UNIQUE PROPERTIES:Highly flexible and relatively good tensile strengthHigh Optical TransmittanceViscoelastic at high temperatures and can mold to any surface imperfections

APPLICATIONSConstruction of Micro and Nanoscale channels for fluid flowMicro and Nano fluidic devicesCooling of small scale integrated circuits by providing proper channels for cooling fluid flow6

BULK SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENEMODIFIED HUMMERS METHOD` Graphite Powder + NaNO3 and mixed properlyConc. H2SO4 is added and mix kept in ice bath KMnO 4 added gradually at a temperature < 20 CThe mix stirred for 18 hrs in water bath temperature < 35 CAddition of 150ml of water keeping in ice bath, t < 50 C30% H2O2was added to the mix stirring for 2 hrs.Mixture filtered, washed with 10% aqueous HCl, distilled water, ethanol (anhydrous) Resulting solid dried in a vacuum and heated in oven upto 100 CFew Layered graphene flakes are obtained7

GRAPHENECHARACTERIZATIONScanning Electron MicroscopyEnergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopyThermo-gravimetric AnalysisAtomic Force MicroscopyRaman SpectroscopyX-Ray Diffraction 8

SEM IMAGE (10000X MAGNIFICATION)GRAPHITE

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SEM IMAGE (10000X MAGNIFICATION)GRAPHITE OXIDE

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SEM IMAGE (10000X MAGNIFICATION)GRAPHENE FLAKES

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EDAXGRAPHITE OXIDE

ELEMENTWEIGHT %ATOMIC %

CARBON58.3465.60OXYGEN39.8433.63SULPHUR1.820.77

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EDAXGRAPHENE

ELEMENTWEIGHT %ATOMIC %CARBON72.7178.02OXYGEN27.2921.98

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THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSISGRAPHITE

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THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSISGRAPHITE OXIDE

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THERMO-GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSISFEW LAYERED GRAPHENE

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ALUMINUM GRAPHENE COMPOSITEPOWDER METALLURGY 2mg (.1 wt %) graphene Mixed with 20 ml of acetoneDispersion by Probe SonicationAdd 2gm of Aluminum Powder at Regular intervalsMixture Kept for Evaporation of AcetonePowder Compaction at a Pressure of 200 MPa Sintering at a temperature of 550 C (0.7 - 0.9 Melting Point)17

PDMS GRAPHENE COMPOSITEPREAPARATION5 gms of PDMS and 0.5 gms of Hardener (10:1)Different weight proportions of Graphene (.1%, .2%, .5%)

Graphene mixed with HardenerSonication for HomogeneousDispersion PDMS added and stirred thoroughlyRemoval of Entrapped gases Pouring the mixture into the glass mouldHeating to 150C for 10 minutes18

TENSILE TESTSPECIMENS PREPARED

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TENSILE TESTRESULTS OBTAINED (PDMS) 20Tensile (Mpa)1.425Max Force (N)4Elong at Max (%)26.86Stress at Break (Mpa)0.1068Force at Break (N)0.3Elongation (%)49.14Stress @ 10 % (Mpa)0.712Stress @ 20 % (Mpa)0.962Stress @ 30 % (Mpa)0.1068Stress @ 40 % (Mpa)0.1068Stress @ 50 % (Mpa)1.425

TENSILE TESTFORCE V/S ELONGATION CURVE (PDMS) 21

TENSILE TESTRESULTS OBTAINED (0.1 wt %) 22Tensile (Mpa)1.088Max Force (N)3.3Elong at Max (%)35.67Stress at Break (Mpa)0.0989Force at Break (N)0.3Elongation (%)69.7Stress @ 10 % (Mpa)0.3296Stress @ 20 % (Mpa)0.4285Stress @ 30 % (Mpa)0.758Stress @ 40 % (Mpa)0.527Stress @ 50 % (Mpa)0.3955

TENSILE TESTFORCE V/S ELONGATION CURVE (0.1 wt. %) 23

TENSILE TESTRESULTS OBTAINED (0.5 wt. %)Tensile (Mpa)4.242Max Force (N)11.3Elong at Max (%)73.3Stress at Break (Mpa)0.863Force at Break (N)2.3Elongation (%)74Stress @ 10 % (Mpa)0.2628Stress @ 20 % (Mpa)0.751Stress @ 30 % (Mpa)1.014Stress @ 40 % (Mpa)1.502Stress @ 50 % (Mpa)2.14

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TENSILE TESTFORCE V/S ELONGATION CURVE (0.5 wt. %)

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WORK TO BE DONE

Nano-indentation and various other nano-scale tests on the composites for various concentrations of graphene.Testing of properties such as Thermal conductivity, Wear Resistance, Indentation etc. on both Aluminium and PDMS composites.Study on effectiveness of utilization of PDMS-graphene composite in microfluidic devices and its other potential applications.Preparation of graphene reinforced composites of copper and magnesium. Preparation of graphene reinforced composites of epoxy and polyethylene.Characterization and testing of all composites in macro, micro and nano scales26