Grammar Midterm Exam Fall 2012 EAP 90
Grammar Midterm ExamFall 2012EAP 90
Verb FormsTime Frame Aspect
Past Present Future
SimpleProgressivePerfectPerfect Progressive
Verbs: eat play
Present Time Frame
•Present Simple vs. Present Progressive▫Present Simple
Recurring habits and skillsI drink coffee in the morning.
FactsFlowers need water to live.
Permanent situationsWe live in Saint Louis.
States and Conditions Doctors have a lot of responsibility
Present Time Frame
•Present Simple vs. Present Progressive▫Present Progressive
Action in progress at time of speaking/writingI am drinking coffee right now.
Action that is happening around time of speaking/writing
The cold weather is killing my plants. Temporary situations
We are living in Saint Louis (until I finish my job here).
Actions The doctors are having a lot of fun at the party
Present Time Frame
Dynamic vs Nondynamic verbs
Dynamic:Verbs that describe actions
The dog is running.I am eating.She drinks coffee.
Nondynamic:Verbs that describe states
Dogs like to run.I want to eatShe needs coffee.
Present Time Frame
Dynamic vs Nondynamic verbs
Dynamic can be progressive:
The dog is running.I am eating.She is drinking
coffee.
Nondynamic can not be progressive:
Dogs like to run.I want to eatShe needs coffee.
Present Perfect•Something that continues from past until
present:▫I have lived in Saint Louis for 8 years.▫I lived in New York for 8 years.
•Something that is still true now:▫I have learned how to adapt to American
culture.▫I learned how to adapt to Japanese culture
when I lived there (2 years ago).•Some connection to the present situation
(experiences):▫I have been to Hawaii.▫I have eaten grasshoppers.
Present Perfect
•Something that happened very recently:▫I have just met Barack Obama!▫We have just arrived here.
•When using ‘ever’, ‘never’, or ‘since’:▫I have never learned how to play piano.▫Have you ever learned how to paint?▫She has studied at SLU since 2009.
Future Forms•Will Future
▫You will have 16 children. (prediction)▫Don’t worry! I will pick up that glass. (decision)▫Plants will die if you don’t give them water
(general truth)•Going to Future
▫I’m going to play football with my friends this weekend. (plan/intention)
•Present Progressive Future▫I’m playing football with my friends this
weekend. (plan/intention – similar to going to future)
Future Forms•Present Simple Future
▫Our plane leaves at 4:10. (schedule/timetable)
▫My birthday is Friday. (schedule/event)▫Tomorrow is another day. (absolute
certainty)•Modal to Future
▫I should go to the zoo this weekend. (uncertainty)
▫He might play baseball this weekend. (uncertainty)
Noun ModifiersDeterminer
Intensifier
Adjectives and Participles
Noun modifier
Noun Modifying Phrases
the/a/anSome/noMy/yourThese/those
ReallyVery Slightly
Old/newInterestingRed/green
StoneUniversity
WallCampus
•Next to the river•Described in the book
Noun Modifiers – adjectives order
Opinion Appearance
Age Color Origin
GoodBadUglyInterestingNice
BigHeavyRoundChippedBroken
OldNewYoung
RedBlackGreen
WoodenMetalFrenchJapanese
PassivesHow to make passives:
The Egyptians constructed the Pyramids.
The Pyramids were constructed by the Egyptians.
PassivesHow to make passives:
The cookie is eaten by Steve.
Past?Present Perfect?Present Progressive?Future?
Transitive vs. Intransitive Verbs
Transitive Verbs: Verbs that have receivers (objects)
for example:I was punished by my mother for being late.
Intransitive Verbs: Verbs that do not have receivers (objects)
for example:I arrived home at 11:00 PM.
*Transitive Verbs can be Passive
*Intransitive Verbs can not be Passive
See page 56 for list of some intransitive verbs