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Libro De Gramática Español Miguel Lanier 7 th period
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Page 1: Grammar book

Libro De Gramática Español

Miguel Lanier 7th period

Page 2: Grammar book

Table of Contents

3. Presente -ar –er –ir 15. Preterite4. Stem Changers 16. Irregulars-

CarGarZar

5. Irregulars –go –zco –yo 17. spock 6. Saber vs conocer 18. cucaracha 7. Reflexives 19. snakey/snakeys8. ‘se’ impersonal 20.Comparatives 9. Dipthongs 21. Superlatives10. Verbs like…Uir/guir 22. Future11. Verbs like…Cer/cir 23. irregulars 12. Verbs like…Ger/gir13. Hace +__+ que + present/presentente14. Imperfecto

Page 3: Grammar book

Ar, Er, Ir Los verbos regulares en el presente

Caminar-

Camino

Camina

Caminas Caminamos

Caminan

Comer-

Como Comemos

Comes Comen

Come

Vivir-

Vivo Vivimos

Vives Viven

Vive

Page 4: Grammar book

Stem Changers(boot verbs)

The verbs change in the root They do not change in the

nosotros form or the vosotros E >ie O >ue U >ue

Pensar-Pienso

Page 5: Grammar book

Irregulars -go -zco -yo

The “go” “zco” verbs are only in the irregulars in the yo form

“go” verbs- caer, decir, oir, puner, hacer, tener, traer, venir

“zco” verbs (cer/cir)- conocer, producir, conducir

y los demás – ser, ir, estar, ver, saber, dar

Yo - Conozco

Yo - Produzco

Yo - Conduzco

Yo – Tengo

Yo – Hago

Yo - Vengo

Ser- Ir-

Soy Somos Voy Vamos

Eres Son Vas Van

Es Va

Page 6: Grammar book

Saber Vs Conocer

saber y conocer= to know “yo” forms are irregular

Conocer- Conozco conocemosConoces ConocenConoce

Saber – Sé sabemosSabes sabenSabe

Page 7: Grammar book

Reflexives

Brenda se lava- se is reflexive Reflexives also can be added on

the end of an infinitive. Such as…- Puedo verme en el espejo

Page 8: Grammar book

‘se impersonal

pronoun ”se” is in front of verbs to make general statements.

¿cómo se dice man en español? In English it translates to either

“you say” or “one says.” How do you that in spanish?

Page 9: Grammar book

Dipthongs w/accents

Dipthongs are the strong or weak vowels in a word next to each other.

Strong vowel sounds are a,e,o. Weak vowel sounds are i,u,y. puerto, ciudad, siete, hay.

Page 10: Grammar book

Verbs like…Uir/Guir

-Yo form only changes from Gu to G -Conseguirconsigoconsiguesconsigueconseguimosconsiguen

-Nosotros form is the only that doesn’t change.-Verbs that end in -uir (not guir) add y before o, e, and a endings-atribuir atribuyoatribuyesatribuyeatribuimosatribuyen

GUIR UIR

Page 11: Grammar book

Verbs like…Cer/cir

vowel + cer or cir add z before the c in the yo form only.

consonant + cer or cir change the c to z in the yo form only.

conducir = conduzco ejercer = ejerzo

Page 12: Grammar book

Verbs like…Ger/gir

Verbs that end in ger and gir change the g to j in the yo form only.

coger = cojo fingir = finjo

Page 13: Grammar book

Hace +__+ que + Present/Presentente The yo form is the only irregular Hago, haces, hace, hacemos,

hacen

Page 14: Grammar book

Imperfecto

The imperfect tense is used to refer to actions in the past that occurred repeatedly.

Yo caminaba todo los días.

Er/Ir-

íaíasíaíamosían

Ar-abaabasabaábamosaban

Ser-

eraeraseraéramoseran

Ver-

veíaveíasveíaveíamosveían

Ir-

ibaibasibaíbamosiban

Page 15: Grammar book

Preterite

-Past tense -Known beginning -Snap shot

Trigger words

Ayer Anoche Anteayer La semana pasada

Page 16: Grammar book

é í aste iste ó ío amos imosaron ieron Esto el preterio

Stem changes

Page 17: Grammar book

Los irregulaguros

Car gar zar Que gue ce

- Only in you - Ex. Tocar-toqué. Jugar-jugué. Comenzar-comencé

Page 18: Grammar book

spock

Ir,ser dar,ver Fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fueron dar- di, diste, dio, dimos,

dieron

ver- vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron

Hacer Hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicieron

Page 19: Grammar book

cucaracha

Andar anduve - If verb conjugation Estar estuve ends in a j, drop Poder pude the I. Poner puse Querer quise conducir-condujSaber supe producir-produjTener tuve traducir-traduj Venir vine

Page 20: Grammar book

Snake/snakey

Stem changers and y changers Changes the root of the verb in

the preterite only in the usted and usteded forms.

Dormir Leer

Dormi dorimos

Dormiste

Durimo durmiero

Lei leimos

Leiste

Leyo leyeron

Page 21: Grammar book

compartives

Mas que..More than Menos que..less/fewer than Tan..come as Tanto como.. As much/many as Are the comparison of a person or

thing to another thing.

Page 22: Grammar book

superlatives

Indicate that one person or thing is the best, least, or worst.

Noun+más or menos+ adjective Es la ciudad menos intersante del

mundo.

Page 23: Grammar book

Future

Infinitive+ trigger words

é todos los dias

ás Siempre á a menudo emos Por lo

general án Ir+a+infinitive

Page 24: Grammar book

Irregulars

Decir-dir Haber-habr Poder-podr Poner-ponr Querer-querr Saber-sabr Salir-saldr Tener-tendr Valer-valdr- Vanir-vendr