GPS(Global Positioning System) -Vignesh C Iyer. Introduction About GPS Working of GPS Examples of fields where GPS is widely used ◦ Fleet Management Systems.

GPS(Global Positioning GPS(Global Positioning System)System)

-Vignesh C Iyer

IntroductionIntroductionAbout GPSWorking of GPSExamples of fields where GPS is

widely used◦Fleet Management Systems◦Employee Management Systems◦Heavy Equipment Management◦Asset Tracking and Workplace

Security

About GPSAbout GPSGlobal Positioning System is Satellite-

based radio navigation system develop by the US DoD(Department of Defense) in 1973.

Fully Operational Capability in GPS was achieved in the 1995.

Modernization of the GPS Technology involved embedding or take the form of any device, example a wristwatch, mobiles, bracelets, badges.

Used widely by public and private enterprises to track and monitor humans.

Working of the GPSWorking of the GPSConsists of 24 satellite positioned

at particular angles above the earth

Has 3 segments: ◦Space◦Control ◦User

Working of GPS Contd…Working of GPS Contd…Space Segment consists of

◦24 Operational Satellites or Space Vehicles (SV) orbiting the earth every 12 hrs.

◦These SV’s are launched into 6 orbital planes each having 4 satellites placed at an angle of 55 degrees

◦The Space Vehicles are synchronized such that their paths don’t intersect.

◦24 + 3 spare satellites are maintained

Control Segment has :◦A master control station (MCS),◦An alternate master control station,◦4 dedicated ground antennas and◦6 dedicated monitor stations.

The Ground antennas and the dedicated monitor stations calculate the distances of the overhead satellite every 1.5 seconds.

This data is then sent to the Master Control Station

Based on the data the Orbit, Clock performance and health of the satellite are evaluated and check for if repositioning is required.

This evaluated data is then sent to 3 uplink stations.

User Segment ◦User segment consist of Receivers.◦These receivers decode signals from

the satellite and perform the following tasks: Selecting the satellites Acquiring the GPS signals Measuring and Tracking Recovery of navigational data

ExamplesExamplesSome of the Companies that specialize

in manufacturing devices which make use of GPS are Garmin, Mio, Navigon.

Examples of Some of these devices are: ◦Garmin Products :eTrex Series , iQue PDA

Receivers, StreetPilot i-series .◦Navigon Products: iPhone app, Navigon

MobileNavigator for the Android platform◦Mio Products: Mio DigiWalker and Mio Moov

Maintaining security and Improving Efficiency using GPSThe following make use of GPS

widely:◦Fleet Management

How can fleets be monitored? Why it is critical?

◦Employee Management Systems◦Heavy Equipment Management ◦Asset Tracking and Workplace

Security

Fleet Management Fleet Management SystemSystemGPS used to monitor the

movements of fleet of vehiclesBasic Functionality involved is

Vehicle Tracking which:◦Gives the location, direction and

speed of the moving objects◦Two types of Vehicle Tracking:

Active and Passive Active Tracking: Achieved by

transmitting data in real-time Passive Tracking: Records the data

initially and downloaded after the vehicle has returned to a predetermined point

Why is the use of GPS critical◦Improve quality of service ◦To track and monitor vehicles over

different locations◦Large amount of goods being

transported◦Lots of money involved in shipping

and transportation

Employee Management Employee Management SystemSystemUsed to keep track of on-the-field

employeesGPS embedded in devices can

keep track of◦The time of travel ◦Location of the employee ◦Record any sort of violations or fraud◦Billing purposes

Heavy Equipment Heavy Equipment ManagementManagementAssignment of id’s to Heavy Equipment.Tracking and monitoring the

equipment’s location at all points of time

Boundaries can be set so that the GPS is able to record the movement of the equipment

Ensures secured delivery to the desired location

Improves efficiency

Asset Tracking and Asset Tracking and Monitoring at WorkplaceMonitoring at WorkplaceUse of GPS embedded in devices.Record the quantity and quality

of the equipment.Report details about lost or

stolen devices Also keep track of and monitor

how the employees use the device provided to them

Effects of Security Breach on a GPS SystemSome Common Threats

◦Spoofing◦Jamming of GPS signals◦Possibilities of failure

Impact: ◦Loss of Important/ Confidential data◦Financial loss◦Physical Theft

Liabilities of the use of GPS.

Some of the liabilities of the use of GPS are:◦Expensive◦Maintenance◦Intrusion of privacy◦Lot of data handling

ConclusionConclusionGPS thus records data accurately

and gives the details about an object’s location, direction and time information making the object easier to track .

Expensive yet accurate

Questions?Questions?

ReferencesReferenceshttp://

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_tracking_system

http://www.eetimes.com/design/communications-design/4210115/How-does-a-GPS-tracking-system-work-

http://www.pocketgpsworld.com/howgpsworks.php

http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/gadgets/travel/gps.htm

http://www.palowireless.com/gps/howgpsworks.asp