GPS Presentation

1. Global Positioning System By : Pavitra Malpani Diksha Rai B.E. IIIrd sem SATI VIDISHA 2. WHAT IS GPS ?? Space based navigation system. Constellation of 24 satellites. Maintained by US govt. Freely accessible to anyone with gps receiver. GPS satellites also called NAVSTAR. 3. Developed in 1973. Created & realized by U.S. dept of defense (DoD). Originally run with 24 satellites. Bradford Parkinson,Roger L. Easton,& Ivan A. Getting are credited with inventing it. 4. A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each satellite continually transmits messages that include: 1. The time the message was transmitted and, 2. Satellite position at time of message transmission. 5. The current GPS consists of three major segments. These are: 1. Space segment (SS) 2. Control segment (CS) 3. User segment (US) 6. It composed of 24 space vehicles. Orbiting at an altitude of approximately 20,200 km (12,600 mi) Orbital radius of approximately 26,600 km (16,500 mi) 7. The control segment is composed of: 1.A master control station (MCS), 2.An alternate master control station, 3.Four dedicated ground antennas, and 4.Six dedicated monitor stations 8. The GPS receiver uses the following information to determine a position a)Precise location of satellites. 9. b) Distance from each satellite. c) Triangulation to determine a location. 10. There are several different models and types of GPS receivers. When working on an incident with a GPS receiver it is important to have - COMPASS & MAPS BATTERIES GPS CABLES 11. EXTERNAL ANTENNAE TAKING NOTES 12. The GPS is not a perfect system. There are several different types of errors that can occur when using a GPS receiver, for example: USER ERRORS: Inputting incorrect information into a GPS receiver . 13. MULTIPATH INTERFERANCE: Multipath interference is caused by the satellite signal reflecting off of vehicles, buildings, power lines, water and other interfering objects ORBIT ERRORS: Satellite orbit pertains to the altitude, position, and speed of the satellite. Satellite orbits vary due to gravitational pull and solar pressure fluctuations. 14. ATMOSPHERIC ERRORS: Error are caused by atmospheric conditions such as ionized air, humidity, temperature, pressure ,etc. 15. Wide Area Augmentation System The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) is an experimental system designed to enhance and improve aircraft flight approaches using GPS and WAAS satellites. The WAAS can be considered an advanced real-time differential GPS. Many GPS receivers are now capable of receiving the WAAS signal. 16. GPS applications are all those applications that use GPS to collect position, velocity and time information to be used by the application. AGRICULTURE AVIATION & SHIPPING RAIL APPLICATIONS ROAD APPLICATIONS SURVEYING & MAPPING