1 Governance on Small Towns Water Supply Project in Nepal Shashi Bhattarai Development Research Engineer [email protected] Binay Shah Water and Sanitation Engineer [email protected] Srijan Aryal Project Engineer [email protected] www.icon.com.np
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Governance on Small Towns Water Supply Project in Nepal
Shashi BhattaraiDevelopment Research [email protected]
Binay ShahWater and Sanitation [email protected]
Srijan AryalProject [email protected]
www.icon.com.np
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal2
Presentation Outline
Project BackgroundGovernance OverviewProject Cycle & Implementation ProcedureProject StatusPlanning and Development PhaseDetail Engineering PhaseImplementation and Post Construction PhasePositives from the Governance CycleConclusion and Recommendation
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal3
Project Background
The project utilize community-based demand responsive approachOwned and Operated by CommunityThe project design is based on Cost sharingand Partial recovery basisInitial Capital Cost consists of Loan, Community contribution and Government GrantLocal tariff system to cover all O&M, Loan repayment and System expansion, as needed by community
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Governance Overview 1
EDC
TDF
CM NGO
CWC
TPO
DWSSPMOPIC
WUSCTown Project WUSC: Water User and Sanitation Committee
DWSS: Department of Water Supply & SanitationTDF: Town Development Fund EDC: Engineering Design ConsultantsPMO: Project Management OfficeCWC: Civil Works ContractorCM NGO: Community / Social Mobilization NGOMPPW: Ministry of Physical Planning and WorksPIC: Project Implementation ConsultantsTPO: Town Project Office
Asian Development Bank and MPPW, Government of NepalProject Governance
UN-HABITAT Water for Asian Cities - NepalFacilitation and Support (If needed):
Strengthening intuitional & local capacity, Gender mainstreaming, and Pro-poor urban water governance
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal5
Governance Overview 2
PMO
NGO
WUSC
PMO
WUSC
PMO
PMO
TPO
EDC
NGO
WUSC
EDC
TDF
NGO
WUSC
PMO
TPO
EDC
TDF
NGO
WUSC
CWC
TDF
NGO
WUSC
PMO
TDF
WUSC WUSC
Planning and Development Implementation Post Implementation
Time
Age
ncie
s
NGO
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Governance Overview 3
TDF30% Loan
WUSCO&M 100%
WUSCKind 15%
WUSCCash 5%
GON50% Grant
WUSCTown Project
WUSC: Water User and Sanitation CommitteeGON: Government of NepalTDF: Town Development Fund
Financial Governance
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal7
Project Cycle & Implementation Procedures
Joint application, evaluation and prioritization of applications (PMO, PIC) NGOs selection to conduct Public Awareness Campaign and Hygiene Education (PMO, PIC)Signing of Community Action Plan prepared with support of CM NGO by WUSC. Feasibility study from engineering design consultants (EDC)Detailed engineering design from EDCTown project agreement signed by WUSC, PMO & TDFTendering and bid evaluation by PMO/PIC and WUSCCivil Construction Contractor (CWC) on boardConstruction supervision by EDC, TPO & WUSC
Project Web Site: www.stwsssp.gov.npProject Web Site: www.stwsssp.gov.np
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal8
Project Status
Batch No. of TownProjects 0-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76-100%
Batch I 8 0 2 3 3Batch II 15 5 4 3 3Batch III 8 8 0 0 0
Status of Projects / Progess
FIRST PHASE: 2001 - 2006
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Planning and development Phase
Community Mobilizing: Public Awareness Campaign and Health & Hygiene Education (NGO, WUSC)Establishment of the scope of the works (WUSC, NGO, EDC, PMO)Incorporating Design Feedbacks (EDC)Need and demand assessment (WUSC, NGO, EDC) Interaction with WUSC in determining service area of project (EDC)
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal10
Detailed Engineering Design Phase
Streamlining design approach and assumptions (PMO/PIC & EDC)Incorporating demand responsive principles in detailed design (EDC/WUSC)Detail Engineering Report / Tender Documents (EDC/PMO)EIA / IEE as required (EDC)Invitation to Civil Works Contractor (PMO)Evaluation and award of construction (TDF, PMO, WUSC)
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal11
Implementation and Post Construction Phases
Manpower for Construction Supervision (EDC)Balancing the community’s demands and contract management (WUSC, EDC, CWC, TPO, PMO)Community’s role during implementation (NGO, EDC, WUSC, PMO, PIC)Balancing government financial requirements and ADB regulations and the community (PMO, ADB, WUSC, EDC, CWC, TPO, NGO)Community’s responsibility and capacity building(NGO, WUSC, PMO, PIC)
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Positives from the Governance Cycle
Community participationCost recoveryLocal tariffGender involvement and social inclusionEnhanced service levelImplementation in conflict situationInterests from other program (Water for Asian Cities – UN HABITAT)
Shashi Bhattarai, Binay Shah & Srijan Aryal13
Conclusion and Recommendation 1
Features of effective community participation, cost recovery, local tariff, increased involvement of women & better service level are essential for sustainability in small town water projects.Appraisal process of projects in terms of needs assessment and general feasibilityhas to be done in a robust manner with special focus on the determination of service area.
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Conclusion and Recommendation 2
The design process needs to be streamlined to enhance consistency & effectiveness.Introduction of greater flexibility in contract administrationGreater financial autonomy to WUSC is essential for effective implementation & sustainable outcome.
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