Governance for Inland fishery development in water Commons – Experience of DVTF S.P.Madhan Mohan Team Leader DHAN Vayalagam (Tank) Foundation, Madurai, INDIA Presented by Madurai Symposium 2013 Tamukkam Ground on 12.09.2013
May 07, 2015
Governance for Inland fishery development in water Commons – Experience of DVTF
S.P.Madhan MohanTeam LeaderDHAN Vayalagam (Tank) Foundation, Madurai, INDIA
Presented by
Madurai Symposium 2013 Tamukkam Ground
on 12.09.2013
Governance and Good Governance
The concept of "governance" is not new. It is as old as human civilization.
"governance" means: the process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented
To distinguish the term governance from government: "governance" is what a "governing body" does
Governance Swaraj can mean generally self governance or
"self-rule", and was used synonymous with
"home-rule" by Mahatma Gandhi but the word
usually refers to Gandhi's concept for indian
Independence from foreign domination.
Swaraj lays stress on governance not by a
hierarchical government, but self governance
through individuals and community building
Good Governance Former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan noted that
good governance is perhaps the single most important
factor in eradicating poverty and promoting
development”, stressing Value based good governance
and highlighting the importance of the common values
of fairness, equality, justice, liberty, and solidarity. Mr. Annan warns that "without actions based on these
values, the risk is that we will be driven further apart,
with increasing disparities in wealth and power both
between societies and within them, fuelling anger,
despair and intolerance."
Elements OF Governance
Public private and communitiesPlanning
Legislation policy
Regulation Control: decision making monitoring, policing,
enforcement and sanctioning
Institutions implementing authorities
Access to justice Transparency
Responsiveness Participation
Accountability
Dimensions and Principles of Governance
Governance on Water bodiesGovernance on water commons is not the new
one, done by our ancestors many more years. In India, the use of natural resources and their associated technologies and laws have their origin from very early period.
Fishing of natural stock in water commons is an old practice as fishing played major role in revenue making and added nutrition to rural community.
Decline of Water commonsdeclining in recent years. The major reason is being the centralization of
the tanks’ and ponds’ administration including fishery rights.
Such a move led the local communities to alienate from these important water resources & fishery and they restrained themselves from taking up collective efforts towards the betterment of tanks and ponds.
Status of Fishery in India
Global Position - 2nd in Aquaculture
due to large number of water bodies
available.
Tanks and Ponds - 2.35 million ha
Growth Of Aquaculture
aquaculture
DVTF’s Objective & Focus of community inland fisheries in water commns:
Bring back ownership on water commons among all users
Involving community organization in common activity and making full use of available water in rural common water resources by taking up fish rearing activity.
Providing additional income to community organisations to sustain through the maintenance of rural water ecosystems.
Providing protein rich food at their reach to offer additional nutrition to rural community
Employment generation for inland fishermen & Landless agriculture labours
Case study - SDTT-DHAN Water and Livelihood Security Project -Experience of Community Based Fish Rearing Activities in Yadgiri and Gurmitkal Blocks
Inference Fish rearing activity has been taken up in 25 tanks. Out of them
16 tanks are taken up the activity for the first time. Fastest growing Indian Carps like Common Carp, Catla, Rohu,
and Mrigal are reared in Tanks. From 16 tanks ,19300 Kgs of Fishes are harvested which valued
Rs 579000 To meet the nutritional requirement, around 50 % of the fishes
harvested are consumed by the local people paid less and remaining is marketed to nearby city Yadgiri.
Apart from this, it has demonstrated about Profitable fish rearing activity to the community.
It motivated the community, and Fish rearing activity is being taken up in 15 tanks with 100% people contribution.
Case study - SDTT-DHAN Water and Livelihood Security Project -Experience of Community Based Fish Rearing Activities in Yadgiri and Gurmitkal Blocks
Key Learning’s Tank Association members are exposed to experience the Fish rearing. They
felt that fish rearing is profitable and it will assist to meet nutritional requirement of the local people
There is competition for Fishery Rights for the tanks holding water for more than 5 months – Second leasing of fishery rights
Timely Getting good seeds is a challenging one. There is chance of poor quality seeds by the fish hatchery due to limited hatcheries
Poaching is a problematic .It needs to address at local level Fish Rearing is profitable in tanks where water stands for more than 4
months There may be conflict between Command area farmers and Tank Association
Executive body members regarding Sharing of water. Sometimes water will be used for crops in command area during reduced amount of rain fall which results in shortage of water for fish growth .
Case study - SDTT-DHAN Water and Livelihood Security Project -Experience of Community Based Fish Rearing Activities in Yadgiri and Gurmitkal Blocks
Key Learning’s Tank Association members are exposed to experience the Fish rearing. They
felt that fish rearing is profitable and it will assist to meet nutritional requirement of the local people
There is competition for Fishery Rights for the tanks holding water for more than 5 months – Second leasing of fishery rights
Timely Getting good seeds is a challenging one. There is chance of poor quality seeds by the fish hatchery due to limited hatcheries
Poaching is a problematic .It needs to address at local level Fish Rearing is profitable in tanks where water stands for more than 4
months There may be conflict between Command area farmers and Tank Association
Executive body members regarding Sharing of water. Sometimes water will be used for crops in command area during reduced amount of rain fall which results in shortage of water for fish growth .
Inland fishery development - Governance issues
1. Ownership on water commons among all stakeholders
2. Inland Fishery rights and revenue in water commons
3. Water usage management issue 4. Social issues- Poaching, poisoning5. Traditional Practices
Governance on water commons – DVTF approach
Social capital and fishery development in Water Commons
C&D of water commons with community participation and contribution
Creating Awareness on Fish rearing Skill building on Fish rearing Sustaining Community organizations Categorization of water bodies Creation of Dead storage or Fish pond in water
commons Phase Harvest and selling fishes within the village and
adding nutrition
Training and Exposure Visit to Leaders
Stocking of Fish seeds
Employment to Rural poor
harvest of a village tank in Villur, Madurai District
Partial Harvest of a village pond in a Tribal village, Mayurbhanj District, Orissa
Phase Harvest and selling of fishes
Partial harvest of a village pond and selling of fishes within the village, Vennervaikkal of Ramnad District
Dead StorageDEAD STORAGE - is a deeper storage area not useful for
irrigation in the water spread area of Tanks
photo
Gender and fishery
Partners in Action in developing Fishery Activity
8.5 20 12 5 14 2 10 1 1 1.4 2.5 45 20
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
FAO, TFSF HIVOS SDTT Oxfam Novib EU
Oxfam GB JSYS ITC HUL ITDP
APCBTMP OTELP AXIS Bankn
DVTF’s Reach
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010 -11 2011-12 2012-130
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
TanksPonds
Success of fish Rearing
Particulars 2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
2009-10
2010 -11
2011-12
2012-13
Success rate in %
62 71 62 73 68 58 46
Way Forward
To arrive at concrete road map to overcome governance issues
To evolve new ways of working and action plan for better governance and sustainability
To highlight , sound inland fish rearing traditional practices towards nutritional security
To evolve mechanisms and strategies to institutionalise inland fishery in small water bodies , formation of PPGs, PMGs and PCs exclusive for Fishery .
Thank You