GoodRelations : An Ontology for GoodRelations : An Ontology for Describing Web Offers Describing Web Offers Primer and User’s Guide Draft 2008. 08. 08 Presented by Jae-won Lee
Jan 15, 2016
GoodRelations : An Ontology for GoodRelations : An Ontology for Describing Web Offers Describing Web Offers
Primer and User’s Guide
Draft 2008. 08. 08
Presented by Jae-won Lee
Copyright 2006 by CEBT
Introduction Introduction
The semantics of products and services are represented by UNSPSC or eClass OWL
All of these components do not provide the means required for e-commerce on the Semantic Web
“Resource A is an instance of the product class TV set”
Needs for describing offers with the same words
Customer “TV” vs Vendor “Television”
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Introduction Introduction
Comparison
eClass OWL
– Provides classes, attributes, and values for describing what a product or services is
GoodRelations
– Provides everything needed for describing the relationship between a business entity and a product or service
– Ontology for the relationship between goods and business entities
Any product ontology can be combined with GoodRelations, if a few constraints are met
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Usage Usage
Examples Scenario
The shop at the Web page http://www.electronics.com offers to sell a single instance of a TV set that has a screen size of 30 centimeters, via this pape for 200 Euros
Three parts for express this scenario
There is a business entity named Electronics.com (the company)
There exists a single TV set that has a screen size of 30 cm (the product)
There is an offer made by the Business entity to SELL this particular TV set for 200 Euros (the offering)
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UsageUsage
In the following example
New identifier within a namespace : http”//www.heppnetz.de/ontologies/gr#
N3 notation (breaking down statements into logical parts more easily)
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RDF/XML :
N3 :
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UsageUsage
Step 1 : Define the relevant name space and prefixes
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UsageUsage
Step 2 : Choose a products and services ontology to describe the product and import GoodRelations
To describe the types and features of the actual products or services being offered, you need to import a respective ontology
– Toy ontology defines TV set types
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Usage Usage
Step 3 : Describe the business entity
rdfs:seeAlso
– A Web page that contains human readable content
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Usage Usage
Step 4 : Describe all things that are being offered
mySony 100Set is a TV set that is an actual TV set
– Has screen size 30 cm
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UsageUsage
Step 5 : Describe the offer and links the offer to the business entity making it
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-There is an offer to sell something -The offer is described in TypeAnd QuantityNode_1-The Price is descibed by UnitPrice Specification_1
-Electronics.com is making that offer
UnitPriceSecification_1TypeAndQuantityNode_1
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RDF graph of the example RDF graph of the example
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Query Query
Example : Query for offers of TV set
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Advanced Topics Advanced Topics
Handling of Ranges and Intervals
Most quantitative properties of products or services are intervals and not single values
How to represent the quantitative properties ?
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a) We create an ontology class Quantitative Value
Quantitative Value
b)All properties reflecting quantitative characteristics are represented as the range of Quantitative Valuec) For each quantitative value, we create a new instance of Quantitative Value
TV Set
My TV Set
InstanceOf
value1
InstanceOf
hasWeight
d) We attach the upper and lower limits and the unit of Measurement by a datatype or object property
10.0
hasMinValue
10.5
hasMaxValue
kg
hasUnitOfMeasurement
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Advanced Topics Advanced Topics
Products and Services: Instances, Models, and Classes
Other ontologies do not make the distinction between instances and models of product or services
GoodRelations introduces four classes for product or services classes, instances and models
owl:Class ProdcutOrService
– The superclass of all classes describing product or services types
– The union of (a) ActualProductOrServiceInstance,
(b) ProductOrServiceModel, and
(c) ProductOrServiceSomeInstancePlaceholder
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Advanced Topics Advanced Topics
GoodRelations introduces four classes for product or services classes, instances and models
owl:Class ActualProductOrServiceInstance
– A single identifiable object or action
– i.e. MyThinkpadd T60, my Volkswagen Golf
owl:Class ProductOrServiceModel
– An intangible entity that specifies some characteristics of a group of mass-produced Product
– i.e. Volkwagen Gold, Sony Ericsson W123 Cellphone
owl:Class ProductOrServicesSomeInstatncePlaceholder
– Dummy instance representing anonymous products or services instances
– Which are said to exist but not actually being exposed on the Web
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Advanced Topics Advanced Topics
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Critique Critique
Pros.
This paper explains on GoodRelations with several examples
– It is easy to understand the usage of GoodRelations
Cons.
This paper is a user guide
– There is no intrinsic definition of GoodRelations
What is GoodRelations ?
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