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God in Sikhism
Sikhism is a monotheistic religion and hence, believes that
"God" is One, and prevails in everything,[1] as symbolized by the
symbolIk Onkar (one all pervading spirit).[2] The fundamental
belief of Sikhism is that God exists, indescribable yet knowable
andperceivable to anyone who surrenders his egoism and Loves the
Almighty.[3] The Sikh gurus have described God in numerous waysin
their hymns included in the Guru Granth Sahib, the holy scripture
of Sikhism, but the oneness of the deity is consistentlyemphasized
throughout.
God is described in the Mool Mantar (lit. the Prime
Utterance)[4][5], the first passage in the Guru Granth Sahib:
"ੴ ਸਿਤ ਨਾਮ ੁਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖ ੁਿਨਰਭਉ ਿਨਰਵੈਰ ੁਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਿਤ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭ ੰਗੁਰ
ਪ�ਸਾਿਦ ॥" "ikk ōankār sat(i)-nām(u) karatā purakh(u) nirabha'u
niravair(u) akāla mūrat(i) ajūnī saibhan(g) gur(a) prasād(i)."
"There is but one all pervading spirit, and it is called the
truth, It exists in all creation, and it has no fear, It does not
hate and, it istimeless, universal and self-existent! You will come
to know it through the grace of the Guru."
(SGGS. Pg 1) Sri Guru Granth Sahib
General ConceptionsMonotheismPriority MonismPantheism
Specific ConceptionsGreat ArchitectCreationWhen was Universe
Created?
AttributesExistenceEternalnessTranscendence and
ImmanenceOmnipotenceOmnibenevolenceGenderNames for God
BeliefsReincarnationRevelationGnosticismMysticism
PracticesFive VicesFive 'K'sThree Duties
See also
Bibliography
References
Contents
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotheistichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ik_Onkarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_gurushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_scripturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mool_Mantarhttps://www.searchgurbani.com/guru-granth-sahib/ang-by-ang
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Sikhism is strictly monotheistic and believes that there is only
One God. Guru Nanak prefixed the numeral "IK" (one) to the
syllableOngkar stress the idea of God's oneness; that the Creator,
Preserver, and Destroyer is One.[6] Sikh thought begins with the
OneAlmighty and then universalising him, coming down to the cosmic
reality of all-pervading Ongkar.[7] While God is described
aswithout gender, God is also described through numerous metaphors,
such as:
ਏਕ ੁਿਪਤਾ ਏਕਸ ਕ ੇਹਮ ਬਾਿਰਕ ਤ ੂਮੇਰਾ ਗੁਰ ਹਾਈ ॥
"Ek(u) pita ekas ke ham barik"
"The One God is the Father of all;
We are His children."
— SGGS. Pg 611
Sikhism complies with the concept of Priority Monism, a view
point that all existing things go back to a Source that is distinct
fromthem. It is the belief that all what our senses comprehend is
illusion; God is the sole reality. Forms being subject to Time,
shall passaway. God's Reality alone is eternal and abiding.[8] The
thought is such that Atmaa(soul) is born from and a reflection
ofParamAtma( Supreme Soul)[9], and would again merge into it just
as water merges back into the water.
ਿਜਉ ਜਲ ਮਿਹ ਜਲ ੁਆਇ ਖਟਾਨਾ ॥
Jio Jal Mehi Jal Aae Khattaanaa ||
As water comes to blend with water,
ਿਤਉ ਜੋਤੀ ਸੰਿਗ ਜੋਿਤ ਸਮਾਨਾ ॥
Thio Jothee Sang Joth Samaanaa ||
His light blends into the Light.
— SGGS. Pg 278
God and Soul are identical in the same way as Fire and its
sparks; fundamentally same as is stated in Guru Granth, "Atam meh
Ram,Ram meh Atam", which means "The Ultimate Eternal reality
resides in the Soul and the Soul is contained in Him". As from
onestream, millions of waves arise and yet the waves, made of
water, again become water; in the same way all souls have sprung
fromthe Universal Being and would blend again into it.[10]
Another philosophy of Sikhism is the concept of Pantheism which
says that every being is identical to Divinity. It focuses on
thesubject of a non-anthropomorphic concept of God, to the extent
that one can interpret God as the Universe itself.[11] Sikh
thoughtholds a pantheistic tone when it discusses the Immanence of
God (Sagun), which says that the whole Universe is an abode of the
All-
General Conceptions
Monotheism
Priority Monism
Pantheism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropomorphism#In_religion_and_mythology
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pervasive Lord.[12] However, Sikhism does not hold the concept
of Pantheism fully as it understands God to be both,
transcendentand immanent at the same time.[13] Sikh philosophy
fuses the concepts of Theism and Pantheism as to the belief that
God exists inHis Creation to a Theistic level, that is the One upon
whom everything depends; the ultimate Preserver.[14]
It can be deduced that Sikhism agrees with Pantheistic belief
only to the extent that Universe can be considered as Divine,
neverunderstating the Transcendence of God which deems the Creator
as above His Creation.
Sikh philosophy believes that the One God is the Great Architect
of Universe. He alone is the Creator, Sustain-er, and Destroyer;
EkOngkar.[15] God is Karta Purakh, the Creator-Being[8]. He created
the spatial-temporal Universe from His own Self; Universe is Hisown
emanation. Guru Arjan advocates: “True is He and true is His
creation [because] all has emanated from God Himself” (SGGS
Pg294).
Before creation, God existed all alone as "Nirgun"; in a state
of Sunn Samadhi, deep meditation, as says Guru Nanak.[16]
"There was darkness for countless years.
There was neither earth nor sky; there was only His Will.
There was neither day nor night, neither sun nor moon.
He (God) was in deep meditation.
There was nothing except Himself."
— SGGS. Pg 1035
Then, God willed and created the Universe, and diffused himself
into the nature as "Sargun". Whenever God desires, He merges
backinto His Timeless and Formless Self.[17]
Guru Gobind Singh calls this process of Creation and Dissolution
as "Udkarkh" (from Sanskrit utkarsana) and "Akarakh" (fromSanskrit
akarsana)[18], respectively:
"Whenever you, O Creator, cause udkarkh (increase, expansion),
the creation assumes the boundless body; whenever you effectakarkh
(attraction, contraction), all corporeal existence merges in you"
(Benati Chaupai).
This process of creation and dissolution has been repeated God
alone knows for how many times. A passage in Sukhmani by GuruArjan
visualizes the infinite field of creation thus:
Millions are the mines of life; millions the spheres;
Millions are the regions above; millions the regions below;
Millions are the species taking birth. By diverse means does He
spread Himself.
Again and again did He expand Himself thus, But He ever remains
the One Ekankar.
Countless creatures of various kinds Come out of Him and are
absorbed back.
None can know the limit of His Being;
He, the Lord, O Nanak! is all in all Himself.
Specific Conceptions
Great Architect
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karta_Purakh&action=edit&redlink=1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creation_deityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emanationismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Arjanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhmani
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— (SGGS. 275-76)
It is believed in Sikh that the Universe was created by a single
word of the God.[15] The Transcendent God expresed Himself in"Naam"
and "Sabad" that created the world. "Naam" and "Sabad" are the
'Creative and Dynamic Immanence of God'.[6]
ਕੀਤਾ ਪਸਾਉ ਏਕ ੋਕਵਾਉ ॥
Keethaa Pasaao Eaeko Kavaao ||
You created the vast expanse of the Universe with One Word!
ਿਤਸ ਤ ੇਹੋਏ ਲਖ ਦਰੀਆਉ ॥
This Thae Hoeae Lakh Dhareeaao ||
Hundreds of thousands of rivers began to flow.
— SGGS. Pg 3
Sikh philosophy enunciates the belief that the Limits of Time
and Space are known only to God. Answers to the questions of
"Whendid the Universe came into existence?" or "How big this
Universe is?" are beyond Human understanding and the best course,
as GuruNanak proclaims, is to admit a sense of Wonderfulness or
"Vismad", since "the featureless Void was in ceaseless
Existence".[19] As tothe Time of Creation, Guru Nanak, in Jap(u)
Sahib, recites that:
What was that time, and what was that moment? What was that day,
and what was that date?
What was that season, and what was that month, when the Universe
was created?
The Pandits, the religious scholars, cannot find that time, even
if it is written in the Puraanas.
That time is not known to the Qazis, who study the Koran.
The day and the date are not known to the Yogis, nor is the
month or the season.
The Creator who created this creation-only He Himself knows.
— SGGS. Pg 4
As stated in Mool Mantar, God exists as Ajuni, beyond
incarnations; formless. And saibhan (Sanskrit svayambhu),
Self-existent. ThePrimal Creator Himself had no creator. He simply
is, has ever been and shall ever be by Himself.
Purakh added to Karta in the Mool Mantar is the Punjabi form of
Sanskrit purusa, which literally means, besides man, male orperson,
"the primeval man as the soul and original source of the universe;
the personal and animating principle; the supreme Being orSoul of
the universe." Purakh in Mool Mantar is, therefore, none other than
God the Creator.
Creation
When was Universe Created?
Attributes
Existence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mool_Mantarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mool_Mantar
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God, as stated in Guru Granth Sahib, is Akal Murat, the Eternal
Being; He is beyond time and ever the same.[20]
"Saibhan(g)",another attribute to God means that no one else but
God created Himself. He is, shall be, was not born, and shall not
die; nevercreated and hence, shall never be destroyed.[21] The
phrase "Ad(i) Sach", True in the Primal Beginning, in the Mool
mantar provesthe notion of the eternalness of God in Sikhism.
Sikhism advocates a Panentheistic tone when it enunciates the
belief that God is both, transcendent and immanent, or "Nirgun"
and"Sargun" (as stated in the Sikh terminology), at the same time.
God created the Universe and permeates both within and
without.Transcendence and Immanence are two aspects of the same
single Supreme Reality. The Reality is immanent in His entire
creation,but the creation as a whole fails to contain God
fully.[22]
ਸਰਗੁਨ ਿਨਰਗੁਨ ਿਨਰੰਕਾਰ ਸੁੰਨ ਸਮਾਧੀ ਆਿਪ ॥
Saragun Niragun Nirankaar Sunn Samaadhhee Aap ||
He possesses all qualities; He transcends all qualities;
He is the Formless Lord. He Himself is in Primal Samaadhi.
— SGGS. Pg 290
The Almighty, Himself, is the one Ultimate, Transcendent
Reality, Nirguna (Nir+Guna = without attributes),
Ever-existent,Boundless, Formless, Immutable, All-by Himself, and
Unknowable in His entirety.
When it pleases God, He becomes Sarguna (Sanskrit Saguna = with
attributes) and manifests Himself in creation. He becomesimmanent
in His created universe, which is His own emanation, an aspect of
Himself.[23]
God remains distinct from his Creation, while being
All-pervasive.[24]
"God himself is the Creator and the Cause, the Doer and the
Deed."[25] Sikh thought is strictly monotheistic and believes that
thisUniverse is creation of God. Its origins are in God, it
operates under the Command of God (hukum), and its end is in God;
God is theOmnipotent being, the sole cause of Creation,
Preservation, and Destruction.[26] He consults none in creating and
demolishing,giving and taking but does all things Himself. The
Nirbhau (lit. Fearless) Almighty does not fear anyone and exercises
Hisunquestionable will.
He is kind and merciful, the Omni-Benevolent Lord. The Bestow-er
of all things; apart from Him, there is no other Giver. He is also
agreat Pardoner; pardoning all our sins, He bestows Virtue on the
repenting souls and adds Blessedness on the striving
virtuous.[25]
The Almighty sustains His Creation compassionately and
benevolently. In Guru Granth, God is called as "Karim" (merciful);
thecomplacent Lord who, in his compassion, blesses the miserable
with his Nadar (graceful vision).[27] The Nirvair (lit. without
enmity)God does not hate anyone and glances his merciful vision on
every being, indifferently.
"The Lord is kind and compassionate to all beings and creatures;
His Protecting Hand is over all." (SGGS. Pg 300)
Eternalness
Transcendence and Immanence
Omnipotence
Omnibenevolence
Gender
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panentheismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendence_(religion)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirgunahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarguna&action=edit&redlink=1
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According to Sikhism, God has "No" Gender. Mool Mantar describes
God as being "Ajuni" (lit. not in any incarnations) whichimplies
that God is not bound to any physical forms. This concludes: the
All-pervading Lord is Gender-less.[28]
ਸੁੰਨ ਮੰਡਲ ਇਕ ੁਜੋਗੀ ਬੈਸ ੇ॥ ਨਾਿਰ ਨ ਪੁਰਖ ੁਕਹਹ ੁਕੋਊ ਕੈਸ ੇ॥ ਿ�ਭਵਣ
ਜੋਿਤ ਰਹੇ ਿਲਵ ਲਾਈ ॥ ਸੁਿਰ ਨਰ ਨਾਥ ਸਚ ੇਸਰਣਾਈ ॥
Sunn mandal ik Yogi baise. Naar na purakh kahahu kou kaise.
Tribhavan joti rahe liv laaee. Sur nar naath sachesaranaaee
The Yogi, the Primal Lord, sits in the Realm of Absolute
Stillness (state free of mind's wanderings or Phurne). (SinceGod)
is neither male nor female; how can anyone describe Him? The three
worlds center their attention on His Light.The godly beings and the
Yogic masters seek the Sanctuary of this True Lord.
— SGGS. Pg 685
However, The Guru Granth consistently refers to God as "He" and
"Father", but this is because the Granth is written in north
IndianIndo-Aryan languages (mixture of Punjabi and dialects of
Hindi) which have no neutral gender. English translation of the
teachingseliminate any gender specifications. From further insights
into the Sikh philosophy, it can be deduced that God is,
sometimes,referred to as the Husband to the Soul-brides. Also, God
is considered to be our father, mother, and companion.[29]
Sikhism believes in Monotheism and hence, has no specific names
for God. However, God has been called by many Attributivenames
[action-related names, Kirtan Naam (SGGS. Pg 1083), or Karam Naam
(Dasam Granth, Jaap Sahib)] in Sikh literature, pickedfrom Indian
and Semitic traditions.[3]
He is called in terms of human relations as our Father, Mother,
Brother, Companion, Friend, Lover, Beloved, and Husband.[29]
Other names, expressive of His supremacy are Thakur, Prabhu(lit.
God), Swami, Shah(lit. King), Paatshah(lit. respected King),
Sahib,Sain (Lord, Master). Another name used is, Allah, meaning
"The God": The term is also used by Sikhs in the Sikh scriptures
inreference to God. The word Allah (ਅਲਹ)ੁ is used 12 times in the
Guru Granth Sahib by Sheikh Farid. Guru Nanak Dev, Guru ArjanDev
and Bhagat Kabeer used the word 18 times
Allah, meaning "The God": The term is also used by Sikhs in the
Sikh scriptures in reference to God. The word Allah (ਅਲਹੁ) is
used12 times in the Guru Granth Sahib by Sheikh Farid. Guru Nanak
Dev, Guru Arjan Dev and Bhagat Kabeer used the word 18timesGod has
also been referred to, in Sikh literature, as names given to him in
other religions such as Ram, Narayan, Govind, Gopal,Allah, Khuda,
Karim, Rahim, Qadir etc..
Other attributive names include Nirankar(Formless),
Niranjan(without sin), Data or Datar (lit. The Giver), Karta or
Kartar (lit. TheDoer) , Dayal(Compassionate), Kripal(Benevolent)
and many more.
Names peculiar to Sikhism, for God are Naam (lit. name), Shabad
(word) and Vahiguru (Wondrous Master). While Naam andShabad are
mystical terms standing for the Divine Manifestation, Vahiguru is a
phrase expressing awe, wonder, and ecstatic joy ofthe worshiper as
he comprehends the greatness and grandeur of the Lord and His
Creation.[30]
The center belief of Sikh thought is the soul would reincarnate
in this universe unless it attains the state of mukti (liberation),
which isto be achieved through the grace of God[1]. In its
corporeal attire, the soul passes through cycles of transmigration.
Through DivineGrace, it can merge back into the Cosmic Soul
(Paramatma) and escape the throes of birth and death again and
again. [9]
Names for God
Beliefs
Reincarnation
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sant_Bhashahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dasam_Granthhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaap_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allahhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahiguru
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The Mool Mantar ends with Gurparsad(i) (lit. by God's Grace),
which expresses the belief of Sikh thought that God would
berevealed to the Soul through Guru's grace. In Sikh theology Guru
appears in three different but allied connotations, viz. God, the
tenSikh Gurus, and the gur-shabad or Guru's utterances as preserved
in the Guru Granth Sahib. Of God's grace, Gurus' instruction
andguidance and the scriptural Shabad (Sanskrit sabda, literally
'Word'), the first is the most important, because, as nothing
happenswithout God's will or pleasure, His grace is essential to
making a person inclined towards a desire and search for union with
Him.
"Blessing us with His Grace, the Kind and Compassionate
All-powerful Lord comes to dwell within the mind and body. (SGGS.
Pg49)"
Knowledge of the ultimate Reality is not a matter for reason; it
comes by revelation of the ultimate reality through nadar (grace)
andby anubhava (mystical experience). Says Guru Nanak, budhi pathi
na paiai bahu chaturaiai bhai milai mani bhane which translatesto
"He is not accessible through intellect, or through mere
scholarship or cleverness at argument; He is met, when He pleases,
throughdevotion" (SGGS, 436).
Gnosticism is the belief that the Divine Spark is trapped within
the spirit and can be liberated by the Gnosis or Knowledge of
thisDivinity. Sikh spirituality is centered to the theme of
understanding and experiencing God, and eventually becoming one
with Him.Human incarnation, as advocated by Guru Granth Sahib, is a
special privilege and an opportunity for the realization of the
Ultimatedestiny of Spirit: union with God.[31]
As Guru Arjan says, "Of all the eight million and four hundred
thousand species, God conferred superiority on man"[32].
Anotherverse form the scripture praises the human body as a
Temple:
ਕਾਯਉ ਦੇਵਾ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਦੇਵਲ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਜੰਗਮ ਜਾਤੀ ॥
Kaayo Dhaevaa Kaaeiao Dhaeval Kaaeiao Jangam Jaathee ||
Within the body, the Divine Lord is embodied. The body is the
temple, the place of pilgrimage, and the pilgrim.
ਕਾਇਅਉ ਧੂਪ ਦੀਪ ਨਈਬੇਦਾ ਕਾਇਅਉ ਪੂਜਉ ਪਾਤੀ ॥੧॥
Kaaeiao Dhhoop Dheep Neebaedhaa Kaaeiao Poojo Paathee ||1||
Within the body are incense, lamps and offerings. Within the
body are the flower offerings. ||1||
— SGGS. Pg 695
Sikhism thus sees life as an opportunity to understand God as
well as to discover the divinity which lies in each individual. God
isperceived to reside in the human body and can be found by being a
Gurmukh (lit. Facing Guru) and merging self into The Hukum orDivine
Command.[33] Though, as mentioned in Guru Granth, full
understanding of God is beyond human beings, GuruNanak described
God as not wholly unknowable and stressed that by becoming Gurmukh,
one should find the Divinity residing in hisown self.
Mysticism is the experience of becoming one with The Almighty,
which Guru Nanak states as Sach-Khand (Realm of Truth), wherethe
soul is immersed completely in the Divine Will[34]. The primal
belief of Sikhism is of the Spirit to get merged into
theDivinity.[35] As Guru Granth proclaims human incarnation as a
chance to meet God and enter into the Mystic Reality.
ਭਈ ਪਰਾਪਿਤ ਮਾਨਖੁ ਦੇਹੁਰੀਆ ॥
Revelation
Gnosticism
Mysticism
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_Gurushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shabad_(hymn)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revelationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anubhavahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnosticismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mysticism
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भई परापित मानुख देहुर�आ ॥
Bẖa▫ī parāpaṯ mānukẖ ḏehurī▫ā.
This human body has been given to you.
ਗੋਿਬੰਦ ਿਮਲਣ ਕੀ ਇਹ ਤੇਰੀ ਬਰੀਆ ॥
गोिबंद िमलण क� इह तेर� बर�आ ॥
Gobinḏ milaṇ kī ih ṯerī barī▫ā.
This is your chance to meet the Lord of the Universe.
— SGGS. Pg 12
It is a devoted meditation (simran) that enables a sort of
communication between the Infinite and finite human consciousness.
Thereis, chiefly, the remembrance of God through the recitation of
His name[36] and surrendering of the Self to God's presence
oftenmetaphorized as surrendering self to the Lord's feet[37]. The
ultimate destination of a Sikh is to lose his egoism completely in
the loveof the Lord and finally merge into the Almighty
creator.
Those, who follow the instincts of their mind, under the
influence of five vices - lust, anger, greed, attachment and pride
- and egowould wander miserably in the cycle of birth and
rebirth.[3]
1. Kaam (Lust)2. Krodh (Anger)3. Ahenkar (Ego)4. Lobh (Greed)5.
Moh (Attachment)
Guru Gobind Singh iniated the practice of "Amrit Chakna", the
Baptizing ceremony of Sikhs as Khalsa, in April 1699.[38]
Thisdistinctive identity is represented by Five "K(akars)" every
Amritdhari (baptised) Sikh has to don:
1. Kesh (hair)2. Kangha (comb)3. Karha (steel bracelet)4. Kirpan
(miniature sword)5. Kachera (shorts)
1. Naam japna (Chanting the Name)2. Kirat karna (Doing good
deeds)3. Vand Chakna (Donating self earnings)
Conceptions of God
Practices
Five Vices
Five 'K's
Three Duties
See also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meditationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simranhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consciousnesshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptions_of_God
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GodExistence of GodNames of GodJaap SahibWaheguru
Sabadarth Sri Guru Granthsar, 1959Jodh Singh, Bhai, Gurmati
Nirnaya. Amritsar, 1932Pritam Singh, ed., Sikh Phalsaphe di Rup
Rekhla. Amritsar, 1975Sher Singh, The Philosophy of Sikhism.
Lahore, 1944Kapur Singh, Parasaraprasna. Amritsar, 1989
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(http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/beliefs/beliefs.shtml).Retrieved
2017-12-07.
2. "Sikhism Religion of the Sikh People"
(https://www.sikhs.org/art1.htm). www.sikhs.org. Retrieved
2017-12-07.
3. "Different Names of GOD incorporated in Sri Guru Granth Sahib
ji"
(https://www.speakingtree.in/blog/different-names-of-god-incorporated-in-sri-guru-granth-sahib-ji).
www.speakingtree.in. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
4. Indif.com. "The Sikh Mool Mantra - Ik Ongkar"
(http://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/mool_mantra.asp).
www.indif.com.Retrieved 2017-12-07.
5. "BBC - GCSE Bitesize: The Mool Mantar"
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/god/sikhismrev2.shtml).Retrieved
2017-12-07.
6. "Sikhism and Monotheism"
(http://fateh.sikhnet.com//sikhnet/discussion.nsf/3d8d6eacce83bad8872564280070c2b3/3a6e0d8facb2ed8c87256623002a5e2d).
fateh.sikhnet.com. Retrieved 2017-12-10.
7. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Monotheism in Guru Granth Sahib".
Guru Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). p. 138.
8. User, Super. "The Idea Of The Supreme Being (God) In Sikhism
- Sikhism Articles - Gateway to Sikhism"
(https://www.allaboutsikhs.com/sikhism-articles/the-idea-of-the-supreme-being-god-in-sikhism).
Gateway to Sikhism. Retrieved2017-12-13.
9. Gujral, Maninder S. "ATMA,"
(https://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/metaphysics/atma). The Sikh
Encyclopedia -ਿਸੱਖਧਰਮ ਿਵਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼. Retrieved 2017-12-12.
10. Singh, Jagraj (2009). A Complete Guide to Sikhism
(https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&pg=PA266&lpg=PA266&dq=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&source=bl&ots=J6IZOPhwEm&sig=8tR_60YjFaze5uFWZ7YNeTBHOiw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj30oOY7ITYAhUMQo8KHXHCA8wQ6AEISDAF#v=onepage&q=atma%20merges%20in%20parmatma%20sikhism&f=false).
Unistar Books. p. 266. ISBN 9788171427543.
11. Rogers, D. D. Peter C.; Ph.d, Peter C. Rogers. Ultimate
Truth
(https://books.google.co.in/books?id=e3kf6GtwaT0C&pg=PA129&lpg=PA129&dq=non-anthropomorphic+god+sikhism&source=bl&ots=mpHKJJqr4h&sig=F6AcVhMtIbWYRPwet68JUhPHN8w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjG3uONgY7YAhVDu48KHZwfCJMQ6AEITjAG#v=onepage&q=non-anthropomorphic%20god%20sikhism&f=false).
AuthorHouse. p. 129. ISBN 9781438979687.
12. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Metaphysics of the Guru Granth".
Guru Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). p. 89.
13. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Monotheism in Guru Granth Sahib".
Guru Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). pp.
148–149.
14. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Metaphysics of Guru Granth". Guru
Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). p. 93.
15. "BBC - GCSE Bitesize: The origins of the universe"
(http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/environment/sikhbeliefsrev1.shtml).
p. 1. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence_of_Godhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_Godhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaap_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waheguruhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/beliefs/beliefs.shtmlhttps://www.sikhs.org/art1.htmhttps://www.speakingtree.in/blog/different-names-of-god-incorporated-in-sri-guru-granth-sahib-jihttp://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/mool_mantra.asphttp://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/god/sikhismrev2.shtmlhttp://fateh.sikhnet.com//sikhnet/discussion.nsf/3d8d6eacce83bad8872564280070c2b3/3a6e0d8facb2ed8c87256623002a5e2dhttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://www.allaboutsikhs.com/sikhism-articles/the-idea-of-the-supreme-being-god-in-sikhismhttps://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/metaphysics/atmahttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&pg=PA266&lpg=PA266&dq=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&source=bl&ots=J6IZOPhwEm&sig=8tR_60YjFaze5uFWZ7YNeTBHOiw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj30oOY7ITYAhUMQo8KHXHCA8wQ6AEISDAF#v=onepage&q=atma%20merges%20in%20parmatma%20sikhism&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788171427543https://books.google.co.in/books?id=e3kf6GtwaT0C&pg=PA129&lpg=PA129&dq=non-anthropomorphic+god+sikhism&source=bl&ots=mpHKJJqr4h&sig=F6AcVhMtIbWYRPwet68JUhPHN8w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjG3uONgY7YAhVDu48KHZwfCJMQ6AEITjAG#v=onepage&q=non-anthropomorphic%20god%20sikhism&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438979687https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttp://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/environment/sikhbeliefsrev1.shtml
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16. Munde, Amarpreet Singh. "Introduction to Sikhism - Section
II: God and His Universe"
(http://www.gurmat.info/sms/smspublications/introductiontosikhism2/chapter2.html#How%20was%20the%20world%20created,%20according%20to%20Sikhism?).
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17. "BBC - GCSE Bitesize: Evolutionary biology"
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18. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "COSMOLOGY IN GURU GRANTH SAHIB".
Guru Granth A Perspective
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19. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Cosmology in Guru Granth Sahib".
Guru Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). p. 129.
20. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Monotheism In Guru Granth Sahib".
Guru Granth A Perspective
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21. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. "Monotheism In Guru Granth Sahib".
Guru Granth A Perspective
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23. "Sargun Nirgun | Gurbani Blog | ਗੁਰਬਾਣੀ ਬਲੌਗ"
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www.gurbani.org.Retrieved 2017-12-11.
24. "What is God? | WaheguruNet"
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Retrieved2017-12-11.
25. www.DiscoverSikhism.com. Guru Granth A Perspective
(https://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspective). p. 145.
26. Singh, Jagraj (2009). A Complete Guide to Sikhism
(https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&pg=PA266&lpg=PA266&dq=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&source=bl&ots=J6IZOPhwEm&sig=8tR_60YjFaze5uFWZ7YNeTBHOiw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj30oOY7ITYAhUMQo8KHXHCA8wQ6AEISDAF#v=onepage&q&f=false).Unistar
Books. p. 252. ISBN 9788171427543.
27. The Sikh and Sikhism
(https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ED0syBKqafMC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=benevolence+of+god+sikhism&source=bl&ots=TJsP7jVf4Z&sig=0W8gv0cazR5Rwcr8whucNW7V-kk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKuMqq8IbYAhUHLo8KHR5BAwEQ6AEIVTAH#v=onepage&q=benevolence%20of%20god%20sikhism&f=false).Atlantic
Publishers & Distri. p. 44.
28. "IS GOD MALE OR FEMALE?"
(https://www.gurbani.org/articles/webart270.htm). www.gurbani.org.
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29. "God's Gender"
(http://www.sikhwomen.com/equality/GodsGender.htm).
www.sikhwomen.com. Retrieved2017-12-08.
30. "Name Of God – Waheguru"
(http://the-many-names-of-god.com/god-sikhism/name-of-god-waheguru/).
The ManyNames Of God And Their Meanings. 2012-10-20. Retrieved
2017-12-11.
31. "Sikhs believe that the Supreme Creator is within each one"
(http://mnnews.today/aurora-magazine/december-2017/25330-sikhs-believe-that-the-supreme-creator-is-within-each-one/).
mnnews.today. 2017-12-06. Retrieved2017-12-11.
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ਜੀ :- SearchGurbani.com"
(https://www.searchgurbani.com/guru-granth-sahib/ang-by-ang).
www.searchgurbani.com. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
33. "Human Nature and the Purpose of Existence"
(http://www.patheos.com/library/sikhism/beliefs/human-nature-and-the-purpose-of-existence).
www.patheos.com. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
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(https://www.sikhphilosophy.net/threads/sikhism-and-sachkhand.3745/).
Sikh PhilosophyNetwork Forum. Retrieved 2017-12-12.
35. "Mysticism in Sikh Religion"
(http://www.corespirit.com/mysticism-sikh-religion/). CORE SPIRIT.
2016-05-26.Retrieved 2017-12-11.
36. "Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib"
(http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1085&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0).
www.srigranth.org. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
37. "Sri Granth: Sri Guru Granth Sahib"
(http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1237&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0).
www.srigranth.org. Retrieved 2017-12-11.
38. "The Five K's or Panj Kakkar"
(http://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/five_k.asp). www.indif.com.
Retrieved 2017-12-14.
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=God_in_Sikhism&oldid=889722011http://www.gurmat.info/sms/smspublications/introductiontosikhism2/chapter2.html#How%20was%20the%20world%20created,%20according%20to%20Sikhism?http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/rs/environment/sikhbeliefsrev3.shtmlhttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://www.speakingtree.in/blog/sargun-nirgun-nirankarhttps://www.gurbani.org/gurblog/sargun-nirgun/http://www.wahegurunet.com/what-is-godhttps://archive.org/details/GuruGranthAPerspectivehttps://books.google.co.in/books?id=rFm9_Jc1ykcC&pg=PA266&lpg=PA266&dq=atma+merges+in+parmatma+sikhism&source=bl&ots=J6IZOPhwEm&sig=8tR_60YjFaze5uFWZ7YNeTBHOiw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj30oOY7ITYAhUMQo8KHXHCA8wQ6AEISDAF#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788171427543https://books.google.co.in/books?id=ED0syBKqafMC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=benevolence+of+god+sikhism&source=bl&ots=TJsP7jVf4Z&sig=0W8gv0cazR5Rwcr8whucNW7V-kk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKuMqq8IbYAhUHLo8KHR5BAwEQ6AEIVTAH#v=onepage&q=benevolence%20of%20god%20sikhism&f=falsehttps://www.gurbani.org/articles/webart270.htmhttp://www.sikhwomen.com/equality/GodsGender.htmhttp://the-many-names-of-god.com/god-sikhism/name-of-god-waheguru/http://mnnews.today/aurora-magazine/december-2017/25330-sikhs-believe-that-the-supreme-creator-is-within-each-one/https://www.searchgurbani.com/guru-granth-sahib/ang-by-anghttp://www.patheos.com/library/sikhism/beliefs/human-nature-and-the-purpose-of-existencehttps://www.sikhphilosophy.net/threads/sikhism-and-sachkhand.3745/http://www.corespirit.com/mysticism-sikh-religion/http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1085&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0http://www.srigranth.org/servlet/gurbani.gurbani?Action=Page&Param=1237&g=1&h=1&r=1&t=1&p=0&k=0&fb=0http://www.indif.com/nri/sikhism/five_k.asp
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WaheguruWaheguru (Punjabi: ਵਾਿਹਗੁਰ,ੂ translit. vāhigurū) refers
to the almighty God, the supreme soul, the creator in Sikhism.
The word vāhegurū is traditionally explained as being composed
of vāhe "wondrous", gu "darkness", and ru "light", together said
tocarry the meaning - The wondrous Lord who dispells the darkness
of ignorance and bestows the light of truth, knowledge
andenlightenment.
The word Vaheguru or Waheguru is also used in Sikhism as a main
mantra, called gurmantra or gur mantar.
Retrieved from
"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waheguru&oldid=889411313"
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using thissite, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.
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HariHari or Har(i) (Sanskrit: ह�र, Punjabi: ਹਿਰ, IAST: Harī or
Har) is a name for thesupreme absolute in the Vedas, Guru Granth
Sahib and many other sacred texts of South Asia. In Rigveda’s
Purusha Suktam (Praiseof the supreme cosmic being), Hari is the
first and most important name of god (Brahman), alternative name of
supreme being isNarayana after Hari and Purusha according to
Narayana Suktam of yajurveda. In the Hindu tradition, it is often
used interchangeablywith Vishnu to such an extent that they are
considered to be one and the same. In Vedas, it is required to use
the mantra "Harih om"before any recitation, just to declare that
every ritual we perform is an offer to that supreme divine even if
the hymn praises anydemigod. In Hinduism, kirtan or praise songs of
any god has a common name known as Hari kirtan and katha or
storytelling isknown as Hari katha.
No depiction of Hari (God) is permitted in Sikhism. Hari in
Purusha Suktam, Narayana Suktam and Rudra Suktam is usually
depictedas having a form with countless heads, limbs and arms (a
way of saying that Supreme divine is pervaded everywhere and cannot
belimited). Lord Hari is also called sharangapani as he also wields
a bow named as sharanga.
The word "Hari" is widely used in Sanskrit and Prakrit
literature, Hindu, Buddhist and Jain religions. The name "Hari"
also appearsas the 656th name of Vishnu in the Vishnu sahasranama
of the Mahabharata and is considered to be of great significance
inVaishnavism.
EtymologyOther names of Hari
In Indian religion and mythology
See also
References
The Sanskrit word "ह�र" (Hari) is derived from the
Proto-Indo-European root "*ǵʰel- to shine; to flourish; green;
yellow" which alsogave rise to the Persian terms zar 'gold', Greek
khloros 'green', Slavic zelen 'green' and zolto 'gold', as well as
the English wordsyellow and gold.
The same root occurs in other Sanskrit words like haridrā,
'turmeric', named for its yellow color.
There are multiple names of Lord Hari mentioned in the holy
scriptures of Hinduism such as the Bhagwad Gita and Mahabharata.
Afew names which are used quite frequently,
VishnuNarayanaRamaKrishnaList of names of
VishnuMadhavDamodar
Contents
Etymology
Other names of Hari
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi_scripthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IASThttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purusha_Suktamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narayanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharangapani_(disambiguation)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharangahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prakrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnu_sahasranamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharatahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaishnavismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrithttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF#Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeanhttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/%C7%B5%CA%B0elh%E2%82%83-https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_languagehttps://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE#Sanskrithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turmerichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gitahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharatahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narayanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_names_of_Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhava_(Vishnu)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damodar_(name_of_Krishna)
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GovindGopal
The Harivamsha ("lineage of Hari") is a text in both the Puranic
andItihasa traditions.As the name of tawny-colored animals, hari
may refer to lions (also aname of the zodiacal sign Leo), bay
horses, or monkeys. The feminineHarī is the name of the
mythological "mother of monkeys" in the Sanskritepics.Harihara is
the name of a fused deity form of both Vishnu (Hari) andShiva
(Hara) in Hinduism.Hari is the name of a class of gods under the
fourth Manu (manutāmasa, "Dark Manu") in the Puranas.In Hinduism,
beginning with Adi Sankara's commentary on the Vishnusahasranama,
hari became etymologized as derived from the verbalroot hṛ "to
grab, seize, steal", in the context of Vaishnavism interpretedas
"to take away or remove evil or sin",[1] and the name of
Vishnurendered as "he who destroys samsara", which is the
entanglement inthe cycle of birth and death, along with ignorance,
its cause;[2] comparehara as a name of Shiva, translated as
"seizer" or "destroyer".In the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition, Hari is
a name of both Krishna orVishnu, invoked in the Hare Krishna mantra
(Hare is a vocative form ofHarih, used in mahamantra).The element
hari is found in a number of Hindu given names, e.g.Bhartrhari,
Harendra (i.e. hari-Indra), Harisha (i.e. hari-Isha),Hariprasad,
Harikesh (Harikesha, "golden-haired", also a name of Shivaand of
Savitar), etc.
VishnuNarayanaHari Nama KeerthanamHari Tuma
HaroHarikathaHarijanKrishna
1. Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit Dictionary (1899):
2. Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, commentary by Sri Sankaracharya,
translated by Swami Tapasyananda (RamakrishnaMath Publications,
Chennai)
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In Indian religion and mythology
A statue of Harihara among thegroup of monuments at the
BadamiCave Temples
See also
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Govindhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harivamshahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puranichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itihasahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_(astrology)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit_epicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hariharahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adi_Sankarahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnu_sahasranamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsarahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Krishna_(mantra)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhartrharihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishvarahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shivahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savitrhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narayanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Nama_Keerthanamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hari_Tuma_Harohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harikathahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harijanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnahttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hari&oldid=885539646https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_Licensehttps://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Usehttps://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policyhttps://www.wikimediafoundation.org/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Badami_Cave_Temples_13.jpg
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[hide]V · T · E
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nirankar (Punjabi: ਿਨਰੰਕਾਰ ) is one of the many attributes
associated to God in Sikh philosophy and means The Formless One.
The word has its roots in Sanskrit: ਿਨਰਾਕਾਰਾ/िनराकारा nirākārā and
is a compound of two words "Nir" meaning Withoutand Akar (or
Akaar), Shape or Form; hence, The Formless. [1]
It is used as a name for The Almighty in Guru Granth Sahib.
ਸਚ ਖੰਿਡ ਵਸੈ ਿਨਰੰਕਾਰੁ ॥
सच खंिड वस ैिनरंका ॥
Sacẖ kẖand vasai nirankār.
In the realm of Truth abides the Formless Lord.
— SGGS. Pg 8
"The actual meaning of "Nirankar" is Waheguru, Allah, God, and
Ishbar. It describes that God is formless and omnipresent. We all
are made by Nirankar. Only the name of "Religions" are different.
But the supreme power is same in actual. We
all are one and belongs to one Lord master(Nirankar)."
References [ edit ]1. ^ "God in Sikhism 3" .
www.speakingtree.in. Retrieved 2017-12-08.
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Akal PurakhAkal Purakh is a Sikh name used for God.
Literally it means "a timeless being who never dies." The first
word Akal, literally timeless, immortal, non-temporal, is a
termintegral to Sikh tradition and philosophy. It is extensively
used in the Sri Guru Granth Sahib and Dasam Granth hymns by
GuruGobind Singh, who titled one of his poetic compositions Akal
Ustat, i.e. "In Praise (ustati) of the Timeless One (akal)".
However, theconcept of Akal is not peculiar to the Dasam Granth. It
goes back to the very origins of the Sikh faith.
Together the two words mean the "Timeless, eternal being".
Kaal or Kālá (Sanskrit: काल [kɑːˈlə]; Tamil: கால� kaalam or
kaala) is a word used in Sanskrit to mean "time". Akal is
justopposite work of time in Indian languages.
See also Akal, Waheguru, Names of God
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References
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Ik OnkarIk Onkar (Gurmukhi: ੴ, ਇੱਕ ਓਅੰਕਾਰ; Punjabi
pronunciation: [ɪkː oəŋkaɾ]), also Ik Oankar[2], is the symbolthat
represents the one supreme reality[3] and is a central tenet of
Sikh religious philosophy.[1] Ik Onkar hasa prominent position at
the head of the Mul Mantar and the opening words of the Sri Guru
Granth Sahib.[2]
Ik (ਇੱਕ) means one and only one, who cannot be compared or
contrasted with any other,[4] Onkar (ਓਅੰਕਾਰ)is the one universal
ever flowing divine melody and existential unstruck, never-ending
sound of God.[5]
To simplify Ik means one, Oang the creator and Kar means the
creation. So the creator and his creation arenot different and He
the supreme creator resides everywhere and in everything.
The sound is Oang (anhad naad) and Kar is the never ending
continuation of Oang sound. This melodymanifests in billions of
galaxies and universes and leads to protect and preserve.
Ultimately, everything getsmerged back into this sound; this has
happened countless times before.
It is a symbol of the unity of God in Sikhism, meaning God is
One or One God,[6] and is found in all religious scriptures and
placessuch as gurdwaras. Derived from Punjabi, Ik Onkār is the
first phrase in the Mool Mantar referring to the existence of "one
constantdivine melody" which is proved by Gurbani itself in:
ਓਅੰਕਾਰ ਏਕ ਧੁਿਨ ਏਕੈ।। Oangkar one and only divine melody ਏਕ ੈਰਾਗ
ੁਅਲਾਪੈ।। One melody is tuned ਏਕਾ ਦੇਸੀ ਏਕ ੁਿਦਖਾਵ ੈਏਕ ੋਰਿਹਆ ਿਬਆਪੈ।।
ਮਹਲਾ ੫ One is his land, one way he shows and that one is
omnipresent. ਅੰਗ ੮੮੫ Page 885 (Shree Guru Granth Sahib Ji) ਓਅ ੰਆਿਦ
ਸਰੂਪੈ।। ਓਅ ੰਗੁਰਮੁਿਖ ਕੀੲ ੋਪਸਾਰਾ।।
[7]
It is found in the Gurmukhi script[8] and is consequently also
part of the Sikh morning prayer, Japji Sahib. It is a combination
of twocharacters, the numeral ੧, Ikk (one) and the first letter of
the word Onkar (Constant taken to mean God) - which also happens to
bethe first letter of the Gurmukhī script - an ūṛā, ੳ, coupled with
a specially adapted vowel symbol hōṛā, yielding ਓ.
In Mul Mantar
Discussion
See also
References
External links
Ik Onkār,[1] aSikh symbol(encoded as asingle characterin Unicode
atU+0A74, ੴ)
Contents
In Mul Mantar
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Punjabihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikh_religious_philosophyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mul_Mantarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monotheismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurdwarahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mool_Mantarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbanihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitnemhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japji_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_scripthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi_scripthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurmukhi_scripthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ekonkar.normal.pnghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode
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It is also the opening phrase of the Mul Mantar, present as
opening phrase inthe Guru Granth Sahib, and the first composition
of Guru Nanak. Further, theMul Mantar is also at the beginning of
the Japji Sahib, followed by 38 hymnsand a final Salok at the end
of this composition.
Punjabi: ੴ ਸਿਤ ਨਾਮੁ ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਿਨਰਭਉ ਿਨਰਵੈਰੁ ਅਕਾਲ
ਮੂਰਿਤ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭੰ ਗੁਰ ਪ�ਸਾਿਦ ॥Simplified transliteration: Ik
Oankaar SatnaamKartaa Purakh Nirbhau Nirvair Akaal MooratAjoonee
Saibhan Gur PrasaadEnglish: One universal Creator God who created
theuniverse with the sound "Oang", Truth and eternal isthe name,
Creative being, Without Fear, WithoutEnmity, Timeless and deathless
Form, Not affected by the circle of life and death - unborn
,Self-Existent, He can be realized by the grace of the true and
eternal Guru who has thepower to enlighten us. [9]
Ik Onkar is the statement of oneness in Sikhism, that is 'there
is one God'.[10][11]
The phrase is a compound of the numeral one (ik) and onkar,
states Doniger, canonically understood in Sikhism to refer to
"absolutemonotheistic unity of God".[2] Ik Onkar has a prominent
position at the head of the Mul Mantar and the opening words of the
SriGuru Granth Sahib.[2]
The Onkar of Sikhism is related to Om in Hinduism.[2] Some Sikhs
disagree that Ik Onkar is same as Om.[2] Onkar is, states
WazirSingh, a "variation of Om (Aum) of the ancient Indian
scriptures (with a slight change in its orthography), implying the
seed-forcethat evolves as the universe".[12] Guru Nanak wrote a
poem entitled Oankar in which, states Doniger, he "attributed the
origin andsense of speech to the Divinity, who is thus the
Om-maker".[2]
Oankar ('the Primal Sound') created Brahma. Oankar fashioned the
consciousness. From Oankar came mountainsand ages. Oankar produced
the Vedas. By the grace of Oankar, people were saved through the
divine word. By thegrace of Oankar, they were liberated through the
teachings of the Guru.
— Ramakali Dakkhani, Adi Granth 929-930, Translated by Pashaura
Singh[13]
It is constituted of two components - Ek and Onkar. Ek means
one, and is written as a numerical figure '1'. Onkar stands for
thePrimal mystical Divine Name of God referred to as Brahman in the
Vedic literature. In order to grasp fully the underlying
spiritualsignificance and meaning of Ek-Onkar each of its
components needs to be studied in depth, beginning with Onkar.
The root of Onkar is traceable to the Hindu sacred syllable Om,
also written as Aum. Historically, in the beginning, Om was used as
areply of approval or consent.
At a later stage, with the evolution of Indian philosophic
thought, the sages of Upanishads pronounced it as an adequate
symbol ofthe Absolute Transcendent Reality, Brahman. It is
considered as the unity of all sound to which all matters and
energy are reduced intheir primordial form, hence fit as a symbol
for Atman (soul) or Brahman, the Supreme Being, which is the unity
of all existence.These - and possibly some other - considerations
led the Vedic sages to accord to Om the highest Divine reverence
and worship. As avery sacred and powerful Mantra it forms part of
daily worship and meditation by Hindu devotees. It is treated as
the holiest symbolof Divinity calling it Nada Brahma or Shabda
Brahma in the form of sound. Its nearest equivalent in the West is
Logos or the 'Word'.St. John's Gospel expounds it thus:
Mul Mantra written by Guru Har Rai,showing the Ik Onkar at
top.
Discussion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mul_Mantarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Granth_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japji_Sahibhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salokhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjabi_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_languagehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikhismhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mul_Mantarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Nanakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80tman_(Hinduism)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brahmanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Guru_Har_Rai_-_Mool_Mantar.jpghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mul_Mantrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Har_Rai
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"in the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the
Word was God." The Word was the true light that enlightens
allmen!
Written in original, it is composed of three letters of Sanskrit
alphabet, corresponding to A U M of English alphabet. According
tocertain interpretations, the three sounds represent three facets
of Nirguna Parabrahm Paramatma - the One Formless Supreme
Being.These facets namely are creation, preservation, and
destruction. Symbolically, these different facets of the One are
sometimesrepresented in the Sagun forms of Brahma, Vishnu and
Shiva. There always is consciousness in Hinduism, however, that
these formsare simply representations of the One.
Guru Nanak followed in the tradition of Nirguna Parabrahm
Paramatma - One and Only One Formless Supreme Being, an
IndivisibleEntity. This belief in the unity of God he has
re-iterated in various ways in his other compositions as well. At
one place heemphatically affirms, Sahib mera Eko hai, Eko hai Bhai,
eko hai.
In English:
'My Master is One, One only, Oh Brother, He is Sole.'
So Guru Nanak's revealed Scripture place numerical figure '1'
before Onkar thus enhancing his firm conviction in the unity of
God.Its main importance and underlying significance lies in the
fact that one is not represented by 'one' in words, but by a
numericalfigure '1'; thus completely eliminating any possibility of
words being given different meaning. It was Guru Nanak's own
inspiredvision that transformed AUM into Ek-Onkar representing the
Supreme Being, the Sole Absolute Eternal Reality which,
whilemanifesting itself in multiplicity as Onkar, is still in its
essence 'Sole and Absolute'; Transcendent as well as Immanent.
Impersonal isalso Personal in Ek-Onkar.
By the large, Sikhs worship 'Waheguru' as God's name for
constant remembrance by repetition aloud or Sotto Voce. In Sikh
parlance,this is known as 'Naam Simran'. There are, however, many a
Sikh who also meditate upon and use Ek-Onkar for 'Naam Simran'.
Like'Waheguru' this is also considered to be a powerful Mantra for
achieving spiritual progress and Divine Grace for final
emancipationof the individual soul.
In conclusion, it can be said that Ek-Onkar is the true symbol
of Sikhism given to us by Guru Nanak based on his spiritual
experienceand inspired vision at the very inception of the Sikh
faith.
WaheguruOmEckankar
1. Rose, David (2012). Sikhism photpack. Fu Ltd. p. 10. ISBN
1-85276-769-3.
2. Doniger, Wendy (1999). Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of
world religions
(https://books.google.com/books?id=ZP_f9icf2roC&pg=PA500&dq=%22ik+oankar%22&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22ik%20oankar%22&f=false).
Merriam-Webster. p. 500. ISBN 978-0-87779-044-0. Retrieved
2015-09-23.
3. "Basic Articles"
(https://web.archive.org/web/20120725085727/http://www.sgpc.net/sikhism/sikhism1.asp).
SGPC.Archived from the original
(http://sgpc.net/sikhism/sikhism1.asp) on 25 July 2012. Retrieved
12 August 2012.
4. "ਇੱਕ - meaning in English"
(http://www.shabdkosh.com/pa/translate?e=%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95&l=pa).
Shabdkosh. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
See also
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waheguruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eckankarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85276-769-3https://books.google.com/books?id=ZP_f9icf2roC&pg=PA500&dq=%22ik+oankar%22&ct=result#v=onepage&q=%22ik%20oankar%22&f=falsehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87779-044-0https://web.archive.org/web/20120725085727/http://www.sgpc.net/sikhism/sikhism1.asphttp://sgpc.net/sikhism/sikhism1.asphttp://www.shabdkosh.com/pa/translate?e=%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95&l=pa
-
Video on the Holy Importance of Ik Onkar as told by Guru
SahibDiscussion On Ek Onkar TranslationFast facts on sikhism and Ik
OnkarReligious Studies Ik OnkarEk Onkar - Shabad Gurbani
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5. "Ek-Omkār / Ik-Omkār / Ekankār It is from the Sanskrit word
Omkar. The mystic name of God. It is used at thebeginning of
prayers and holy recitations, and also at the beginning of writing
respectful salutations. The unmanifest,God in power, the holy word,
the primal manifestation of Godhead by which and in which all live,
move and havetheir being and by which all find a way back to
Absolute God. God is the Supreme Reality. His other name is
'SatNām'. The Sikhs meditate on God as Ek-Omkar, and not in any
other way like worship of idols “Rām Nām Jap Ek-Omkar". (GGS, p.
185) Ek Omkar is the Transcendent Lord of entire creation, who
existed before the creation andwho alone will survive the creation.
(GGS, pp. 296 and 930, and Bhai Gurdas Var, 4011.)" — Ramesh
ChanderDogra & Gobind Singh Mansukhani, Encyclopaedia of Sikh
Religion and Culture, pp 138–139
6. Real Sikhism: Meaning of word Ik Onkar.
(http://www.realsikhism.com/index.php?action=gmeaning&glossaryid=63&glossaryterm=Ik%20Onkar)
7. Mayled, John (2002). Sikhism. Heinemann. p. 16. ISBN
0-435-33627-4.
8. David Rose, Gill Rose (2003). Sacred Texts photopack. Folens
Limited. p. 12. ISBN 1-84303-443-3.
9. Arvind Mandair (2008), Shared Idioms, Sacred Symbols, and the
Articulation of Identities in South Asia (Editor: KellyPemberton),
Routledge, ISBN 978-0415958288, page 61
10. Singh, Wazir (1969). Aspects of Guru Nanak's philosophy
(https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rWM9AAAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=substitute+ekankar).
Lahore Book Shop. p. 20. Retrieved 2015-09-17. "the 'a,' 'u,'
and'm' of aum have also been explained as signifying the three
principles of creation, sustenance and annihilation. ...aumkār in
relation to existence implies plurality, ... but its substitute
Ekonkar definitely implies singularity in spite ofthe seeming
multiplicity of existence. ..."
11. Singh, Khushwant (2002). "The Sikhs"
(https://books.google.com/books?id=5LSvkQvvmAMC&pg=PA114&).
InKitagawa, Joseph Mitsuo. The religious traditions of Asia:
religion, history, and culture. London: RoutledgeCurzon.p. 114.
ISBN 0-7007-1762-5.
12. Wazir Singh (1969), Guru Nanak's philosophy, Journal of
Religious Studies, Vol. 1, Issue 1, page 56
13. Pashaura Singh (2014), in The Oxford Handbook of Sikh
Studies (Editors: Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech),Oxford
University Press, ISBN 978-0199699308, page 227
External links
http://www.sikhvideos.org/ik-onkarhttp://www.sikhphilosophy.net/discourses-in-english/8203-ek-onkar-translation.htmlhttp://www.religionfacts.com/sikhism/fastfacts.htmhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080602181659/http://www.woodford.redbridge.sch.uk/RS/year9/ikonkar1.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LbftHnxqUfkhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ik_Onkar&oldid=889206821https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_Licensehttps://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Terms_of_Usehttps://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Privacy_policyhttps://www.wikimediafoundation.org/http://www.realsikhism.com/index.php?action=gmeaning&glossaryid=63&glossaryterm=Ik%20Onkarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-435-33627-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84303-443-3https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415958288https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rWM9AAAAIAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=substitute+ekankarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khushwant_Singhhttps://books.google.com/books?id=5LSvkQvvmAMC&pg=PA114&https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Kitagawahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7007-1762-5https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199699308