Goal 10 Part 3 America in WWII. PEARL HARBOR REACTION Before Dec. 7, 1941: mixed reaction to step away from Neutrality After Dec. 7, 1941: ALL OUT EFFORT.

Goal 10 Part 3

America in WWII

PEARL HARBOR REACTION

Before Dec. 7, 1941: mixed reaction to step away from Neutrality

After Dec. 7, 1941: ALL OUT EFFORT / SUPPORT!!!!

Recruiting offices were jammed!*Selective Service Act* (DRAFT)

Battle Cry: Remember Pearl Harbor

Expanding the Military

Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps(WAACS)

created by George MarshallWomen volunteers (in the military)

with non-combat duties

Rosie the Riveter American “propaganda”that encouraged women to takeon new industrial jobs during WWII - Helping WWII effort without being “over there”

Manhattan Project

Secret creation of the Atomic Bomb Idea: Albert Einstein (Jewish Refugee) Lead Scientist:

Robert Oppenheimer*Upsets Stalin because hewasn’t told

*OSRD*Office of Scientific Research And Development

War Production Board (WPB)

“BIG CONVERSION”- Companies should convert from “peacetime”

production to “war” production- 1942-1945 = $185 billion (war effort)

The War with EuropeBattle of the Atlantic

German “Wolf Packs” sent subs to destroy American ships sending goods to Britain (lend-lease act)

Reaction: CONVOY SYSTEM (purpose????)

******Battle of Stalingrad******Soviet Union VS GermanyGermany attacks Soviet Union

(Remember: Goal of Mein Kempf)*****TURNING POINT IN “EASTERN FRONT” =

EUROPEAN THEATER of WW II: German Retreat from U.S.S.R.! (FIRST TIME)

Result: Soviet Union VICTORY

North African Front (OPERATION TORCH) Allied invasion ! (FIRST ALLIED OFFENSIVE)1942: Allied powers invade (Casablanca, Morocco & Algiers, Algeria)Allied leader: Dwight D. EisenhowerAxis leader: Erwin Rommel (Afrika Korps)Outcome: Axis / Rommel SURRENDER!

Tuskegee Airmen ALL African American Squadron Racial issues: Beginning of WWII, American culture =

Unfortunately, A.A. soldiers were considered to not be intelligent, able, or loyal enough to the join the Army

*All T.A. won the highestmilitary commendationsfor their service against Germany

D-Day (JUNE 6, 1944)

Point: invade France to liberate Western Europe from Nazi rule

Nickname: Operation Overlord American Commander: Eisenhower Omaha, Normandy, Utah, Sword Beaches *Largest land-sea-air operation in American army

history Problem: Germans were ready! (Omaha)

George Patton

- Advanced the American Armyinto Paris, France andliberated France from yearsof German Aggression..

Effect: America is GAINING ground FDR wins a 4th Term!! In 1944 and

Harry S. Truman as VP

Battle of the BulgeDec.1944-Jan 1945 Largest German offensive in WWII U.S. Vs. Germany Germany counterattacked and split America

(creating a “split” in Allied Forces thus creating exchanges of resources to one another

MAIN RESULT: Germany is starting to lose! (Western Europe) *Turning point of Western Front in European theater of WWII

Unconditional Surrender

Hitler’s SuicideEisenhower accepted this as the “unconditional surrender” of the

Third Reich (May 8, 1945) – ENDS WWII IN EUROPE (not Japan!!!!!!)

V E Day – Victory in Europe DayOne month later…FDR has a stroke and placed

Harry S. Truman as President

War in the Pacific

*** DOUGLAS MACARTHUR ***- controlled ALL Allied forces in Pacific

Doolittle’s Raid (Pearl Harbor Revenge)- Colonel James Doolittle- did “LITTLE” but Japan at least can be hurt! (American blitzkrieg)

Battle of Coral Sea - U.S. vs. JapanImperialist Japanese strategy = invade Australia

* First time that Japan aggression was stopped!Allied Victory

Battle of Midway

****Turning point in the Pacific Theater of WWII****(No more Japanese OFFENSIVE attacks in the Pacific)

American commander: Chester Nimitz***********Island Hopping*************: started at Battle of Midway – island to island U.S wins

territory (getting closer and closer to Japan!)Battle at Midway = caused the Japanese to stop

aggression!Kamikaze: Japanese suicide planesTurning Point in European Theater of WWII?

Iwo Jima Okinawa

• Examples of American victories • (island hopping) in the Pacific

Atomic Bombs(900 times hotter than the sun)

Hiroshima Aug 6, 1945Codename: Little Boy80,000 people died in 2 secondsResult: Japan STILL did NOT surrender! Nagasaki Aug 9, 1945Codename: Fat man200,000 people died (radiation poisoning)Japan surrendered = VJ Day (Victory in Japan)*T.Q. = What event ENDED WWII in Japan?

ATOMIC BOMB over Nagasaki• President???? = Harry S. Truman• Result: WWII is OVER / ****Opened the door to NUCLEAR /

ATOMIC weaponry during war!!!!VERY IMPORTANT : Why was the dropping of the atomic bombs

JUSTIFIED by TRUMAN?????????????????????

Yalta Conference Feb. 1945, before atomic bomb dropping Yalta, Soviet Union

BIG THREE = Stalin, Churchill and FDR (before death) met to discuss the “fate” of Germany

Result of Yalta Conference: (1) Germany–divided into 4 sections(2) Stalin would help U.S. in Pacific(3) Creation of United Nations*(4) Stalin PROMISED “elections” in Poland! (Democracy in EUROPE)

United Nations* Established in 1945, after WWII (YALTA CONFERENCE)to keep the world away from war and to maintain SECURITY*Replaced the League of Nations (14th Point of Woodrow Wilson’s

14 points speech after WWI – America NEVER joined)T.Q.

Why was the League of Nations dissolved?***** SECURITY COUNCIL *****

- division of the League of Nations to handle international disputes

- consists of the permanent membersFrance, Soviet Union (Russia), Great Britain, China and the U.S.