Goal 1 The War of 1812

The War of 1812The War of 1812“aka”“aka”

The 2The 2ndnd Fight for Fight for IndependenceIndependence

1812-18141812-1814

Madison is in office and tensions Madison is in office and tensions with Britain are rising quicklywith Britain are rising quickly

Non-Intercourse ActNon-Intercourse Act

►Forbid trade (embargo) with France or Forbid trade (embargo) with France or Britain and will reopen trade with Britain and will reopen trade with country that removed its trade country that removed its trade restrictions first…trying to play Britain restrictions first…trying to play Britain and France against each otherand France against each other

► In 1810 Congress said US would trade In 1810 Congress said US would trade with both but if either country agreed with both but if either country agreed to drop its restrictions, the US would to drop its restrictions, the US would stop importing goods from the other stop importing goods from the other that didn’t…France takes the bait that didn’t…France takes the bait while Britain holds outwhile Britain holds out

Tecumseh and TippecanoeTecumseh and Tippecanoe►Tecumseh tries to Tecumseh tries to

unite Indians unite Indians against white against white settler who were settler who were taking their landtaking their land

►William Henry William Henry Harrison goes with Harrison goes with troops to troops to Tippecanoe and Tippecanoe and burns their town…burns their town…they give up more they give up more landland

Causes of War of 1812Causes of War of 1812►War Hawks: Members of War Hawks: Members of

Congress that voted for the Congress that voted for the warwar Mainly Southern and Western Mainly Southern and Western

farmersfarmers►Why go to War? (Causes)Why go to War? (Causes)

Impressment (biggest Impressment (biggest cause)cause)

Freedom of the seasFreedom of the seas trade restrictions trade restrictions

►Too many embargoes and tariffsToo many embargoes and tariffs Native Americans were Native Americans were

being armed by the being armed by the BritishBritish

They get War in June 1812They get War in June 1812

John Calhoun

Britain’s StrategyBritain’s Strategy►Navy would raid Navy would raid

cities along the cities along the coastcoast

►cut New England cut New England off from the rest of off from the rest of the countrythe country

►Seize New Orleans Seize New Orleans and close the and close the Mississippi River to Mississippi River to western farmerswestern farmers

… …America would America would be forced to make be forced to make peacepeace

America’s America’s StrategyStrategy

►Attack Canada Attack Canada on foot…on foot…unsuccessfulunsuccessful

►Take British Take British shipsships

►Defeat NativesDefeat Natives

Raid on Washington, D.C.Raid on Washington, D.C.► British fleet within British fleet within

marching distance marching distance of capitolof capitol

► defeated the militia defeated the militia and entered the and entered the city unopposedcity unopposed

►Madison and other Madison and other officials fledofficials fled

► Burnt the White Burnt the White House and the House and the CapitolCapitol

……America morale America morale at all time lowat all time low

BaltimoreBaltimore►Baltimore was ready Baltimore was ready

for British after for British after burning of capitolburning of capitol

►Finally the British left Finally the British left after hours of after hours of bombardment on bombardment on Fort McHenryFort McHenry Francis Scott Key Francis Scott Key

celebrated the celebrated the American victory by American victory by writing the “Star writing the “Star Spangled Banner”Spangled Banner”

The Battle of New OrleansThe Battle of New Orleans►Victory led by Victory led by

General Andrew General Andrew Jackson Jackson

►Didn’t need to be Didn’t need to be fought because it fought because it was two weeks was two weeks after the Treaty of after the Treaty of Ghent had ended Ghent had ended the war already the war already but leads to but leads to increase in increase in patriotismpatriotism

► Jackson becomes a Jackson becomes a war hero…what war hero…what will he be next?will he be next?

The Treaty of GhentThe Treaty of Ghent►Treaty ended the War Treaty ended the War

of 1812 but nothing of 1812 but nothing else really changedelse really changed

►The war increased The war increased American prestige on American prestige on the seas and created a the seas and created a new spirit of new spirit of patriotism/nationalispatriotism/nationalismm

The Hartford ConventionThe Hartford Convention►New England’s/Federalists New England’s/Federalists

opposition was increasingopposition was increasing►New England met in Hartford, New England met in Hartford,

Connecticut to consider Connecticut to consider secession (leaving the Union) secession (leaving the Union)

►Significance: Their threat of Significance: Their threat of secession will destroy the secession will destroy the Federalist PartyFederalist Party

The Results of War of 1812The Results of War of 1812

►Andrew Jackson is a national Andrew Jackson is a national herohero

►Destroyed the Federalist Party Destroyed the Federalist Party becausebecause Of Hartford ConventionOf Hartford Convention Against war but an American Against war but an American

victoryvictory►nationalism surged nationalism surged ►Indian defeats created 4 new Indian defeats created 4 new

statesstates

Adams-Onis Treaty Adams-Onis Treaty

►Spain Spain ceded ceded (gave) (gave) Florida to Florida to AmericaAmerica