GMAT Practice Test

GMATPractice Test Betty

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*

Quantitative

SECTION 1

5

QUANTITATIVE

SECTION 1

Time — 75 minutes37 Questions

Directions for Section One: The following questions are either Problem Solving or Data Sufficiency.

Problem Solving questions are those with five listed answer choices. In each of these, select the best answerchoice, and mark the corresponding oval on your exam grid. Note that figures are drawn as accurately aspossible except when it is stated that a figure is not drawn to scale. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwiseindicated.

Data Sufficiency questions are those which have a question stem followed by two statements containingcertain data. Your task is to determine whether the data provided by the statements are sufficient to answerthe question. The answer choices for all of these questions are always the same. They are the following.

(A) Statement (1) BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question, but statement (2) by itself is not.

(B) Statement (2) BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question, but statement (1) by itself is not.

(C) Statements (1) and (2) TAKEN TOGETHER are sufficient to answer the question, even though NEITHERstatement BY ITSELF is sufficient.

(D) EITHER statement BY ITSELF is sufficient to answer the question.

(E) Statements (1) and (2) TAKEN TOGETHER are NOT sufficient to answer the question, requiring more datapertaining to the problem.

Based upon the statements’ data, your knowledge of mathematics, and your familiarity with everyday facts(such as the number of minutes in an hour), select the best answer choice, and mark it on your answer grid. Afigure accompanying a Data Sufficiency question will conform to the information in the question stem, but willnot include data from the statements. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Note that you may assumethat the positions of points, angles, regions, etc., exist in the order shown and that angle measures aregreater than zero. All figures lie in a plane unless otherwise indicated.

1. One worker can perform a certain task in 3hours. A second worker can perform the sametask in 7 hours. If both workers work together(but separately) on the task, how long in hourswill it take them to complete �

27

� of the task?

�� �154�

�� �35

�

�� �170�

�� �170�

�� �53

�

2. If �4x

5+ 6� = �

35

�, what is the value of x ?

�� �12

�

�� �172�

�� �23

�

�� �45

�

�� �78

�

3. If �8a

� = �5b

�, what is the value of 5ab?

�� 25

�� 50

�� 200

�� 276

�� 425

4. Does the integer n have two factors, x and y,such that 1 < x < y < n?

(1) 3! < n < 4!

(2) n is odd, and a multiple of 3.

5. What is the area of the circle with center C?

(1) Arc ADB has length 10π.

(2) The area of sector ACBE is twice the area ofsector ACBD.

6. A bag contains 12 red marbles. If someone wereto remove 2 marbles from the bag, one at atime, and replace the first marble after it wasremoved, the probability that neither marblewould be red is �

1265�. How many marbles are in

the bag?

�� 24

�� 48

�� 60

�� 72

�� 84

7. If ab ≠ 0, what is the value of �2ab�?

(1) a2 – 4b2 = 0

(2) b = 2

8. Which of the following cannot yield an oddinteger when divided by 5?

�� an odd integer squared

�� an integer less than 5

�� the product of an odd integer and an eveninteger

�� the sum of three consecutive integers

�� an even integer minus an odd integer

9. A cyclist rides the exact same route to and fromwork each day. Her average speed is 8 miles perhour for the entire trip. If her average speed was12 miles per hour on her way to work, what washer average speed on the trip home in miles perhour?

�� 4.0

�� 6.0

�� 9.6

�� 10.0

�� 16.0

10. =

�� 7

�� 1

�� 0

�� –1

�� –7

11. Is 3x – y + z greater than 2x – y + 2z?

(1) x is positive

(2) x2z is negative

12. A rectangular solid has dimensions of 3, 6, andx. If a right circular cylinder has a radius of x, aheight of 12, and has twice the volume of therectangular solid, what is the value of x?

�� �3π

�

�� �3π

�

�� �6π

�

�� 6π

�� 3π2

1�23

� – �12

�

�

�12

� – �23

�

A

B

C

D

E

6

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

13. Is a > b?

(1) a2 – b = 0

(2) a + b = 6

14. In 2001, there were t tornadoes in the UnitedStates, of which some, but not all, occurred inMissouri. If m tornadoes occurred in Missouri in2001, which of the following represents the ratioof the number of tornadoes that occurred inMissouri in 2001 to the number of tornadoesthat occurred elsewhere in the United States in2001?

�� �mt�

�� �mt�

�� �t –

mm

�

�� �t –

tm

�

�� �1 –

tm

�

15. If wxyz ≠ 0, and w + x + y = z, which of thefollowing must equal 1?

I. �z – w

y– x

�

II. �z –

wx – y�

III. �x –

wz – y�

�� I only

�� I and II only

�� I and III only

�� II and III only

�� I, II, and III

16. If xy ≠ 0, is xy = 70?

(1) x > y

(2) x2 = y2

17. Is p = q?

(1) p + q = 2

(2) pq > 0

18. A rectangular box is 6�2� inches high, 6�2�inches wide, and 5 inches deep. What is thegreatest possible straight-line distance, ininches, between any two points on the box?

�� 10

�� 12

�� 13

�� 6�2� + 5

�� 12�2� + 5

19. If a potato peeler peels 4 potatoes in �34

� of asecond, how many potatoes does it peel in 5minutes?

�� 320

�� 900

�� 1,200

�� 1,600

�� 2,000

20. For all numbers x and y, the operation x*y isdefined by �x

y+– 1

5�. If 3*z = 6, then z =

�� �73

�

�� 3

�� �92

�

�� 6

�� 8

21. There are ten city papers in City X, and Petedecides to buy two of them. How manycombinations of distinct papers could he select?

�� 4

�� 20

�� 45

�� 90

�� 100

22. Placerville’s soccer team won one third of itsfirst 18 games and one half of the rest of itsgames. What was the total number of gamesplayed?

(1) The soccer team won a total of 9 games.

(2) The soccer team lost at least �58

� of its totalgames.

7

QUANTITATIVE

23. If x is a multiple of 8 and x > 37, which of thefollowing could be the value of �3x�?

�� 10

�� 12

�� 14

�� 15

�� 16

24. If Scott, Vinnie, and Matt have a total of $27,how much money does Matt have?

(1) Matt has twice as much money as Vinnieand one third as much as Scott.

(2) Matt’s total dollar amount exceeds Vinnie’stotal dollar amount by one-sixth of Scott’sdollar amount.

25. In the figure above, what is the value of a?

(1) c + d = 146

(2) 2b + c + d = 214

26. At Theater A, the cost of an ice cream and asoda is $3.35, the cost of an ice cream and abox of mints is $4.75, and the cost of a sodaand a box of mints is $3.00. What is the cost ofan ice cream?

�� $1.50

�� $1.80

�� $2.25

�� $2.55

�� $2.75

27. It takes a train c hours to travel 18 miles. Howmany miles will the train travel in t hours if thetrain travels at the same average speed?

�� �1c8t�

�� �1c8t�

�� �18

tc

�

�� �1c8t�

�� �18

tc

�

28. Is the positive integer x evenly divisible by at leasttwo integers, each of which is greater than 1?

(1) x is even.

(2) 40 < x < 50

29. Starting from point S on a flat field, a tractortravels 4 yards due north, then 5 yards due west,and then 8 yards due north, arriving at point T.How far apart, in yards, are points S and T?

�� 17

�� 16

�� 15

�� 13

�� 12

30. What is the value of 2a2 + 4a if (x – a)(x – 7) =x2 – 4x – 21 for all x, and a is a constant?

�� 6

�� 8

�� 12

�� 16

�� 30

31. Vijay made a telephone call. If Vijay’s total costfor the call was $15.15, for how many minuteswas he charged?

(1) The telephone charges were $0.75 in totalfor the first two minutes and $0.45 for eachadditional minute or fraction of a minute.

(2) If the charge for the first two minutes hadbeen $1.70, Vijay’s total cost would havebeen $16.10.

c°

b° d°a°

8

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

32. Which of the following is equal to �ab

� if 14a = �13

�b?

�� �412�

�� �114�

�� �134�

�� 14

�� 42

33. What number is 200% greater than 300% of 2?

�� 10

�� 12

�� 14

�� 16

�� 18

34. Point (x, y) lies in the rectangular coordinatesystem above. Is xy positive?

(1) x – y > 0

(2) Point (x, y) lies in Quadrant II.

35. If (34)(56)(73) = (35n)(x), where x and n are bothpositive integers, how many different possiblevalues of n are there?

�� 1

�� 2

�� 3

�� 4

�� 6

36. What is the largest possible value of z if 4x + (z – 27)2 = 36 and –7 � x � 8?

�� 72

�� 63

�� 54

�� 36

�� 35

37. Is klm > 0?

(1) k is positive.

(2) l is negative.

II I

III IV

9

QUANTITATIVE

Verbal

SECTION 2

13

VERBAL

SECTION 2

Time — 75 minutes41 Questions

Directions for Section Two: This section consists of Sentence Correction questions, Critical Reasoningquestions, and Reading Comprehension questions.

Sentence Correction questions consist of sentences that are either partly or entirely underlined. Below eachsentence are five versions of the underlined portion of the sentence. The first of these, choice (A), duplicatesthe original version. The four other versions revise the underlined portion of the sentence. Read the sentenceand the four revisions carefully, and select the best version. If the original version seems better than therevised versions, select the first choice, (A). If not, choose one of the revised versions. Choose answersaccording to the norms of standard written English for grammar, word choice, and sentence construction. Yourselected answer should express the intended meaning of the original sentence as clearly and precisely aspossible, while avoiding ambiguity, awkwardness, or unnecessarily wordy constructions.

Critical Reasoning questions consist of a set of statements, followed by a question. Analyze the statements,then select the answer choice that is the most appropriate response to the question. No specialized knowledgeof any particular field is required for answering these questions.

Reading Comprehension questions refer to a specified passage. Your choice is to be based on what is statedor implied in the passage, and not on your own knowledge. You may refer to the passage while answering thequestions.

1. When the value of the stock market is in aperiod of general decline, people eat more oftheir meals at home. However, when the value ofthe stock market is going up, people spend moremoney eating at restaurants. Clearly the fear ofan economic recession decreases people’swillingness to spend money eating atrestaurants.

The argument above assumes which of thefollowing?

�� An economic recession is a slowdown of theeconomy while an economic depression is amore severe collapse of the economy.

�� People’s perception of the likelihood ofeconomic recession is dependent on theperformance of the stock market.

�� Restaurants offer more specials when themarket does well.

�� Restaurants raise their prices when they fearan economic recession is imminent.

�� Eating well-prepared meals is comforting tomost people during times of economichardship.

2. Dominating both houses of Congress throughoutthe 1970s and 1980s was the Democratic party.

�� Dominating both houses of Congressthroughout the 1970s and 1980s was

�� Dominating both houses of Congressthroughout the 1970s and 1980s were

�� Both houses of Congress were throughoutthe 1970s and 1980s dominating

�� Both houses of Congress throughout the1970s and 1980s dominated

�� Dominating both houses of Congressthroughout was the 1970s and 1980s

14

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

3. Rising academic and professional standards arenot the primary cause of today’s higheradmission standards at many graduate schools.Due to limited human and physical resources,the schools can only admit a fixed number ofstudents each year. The increase in admissionstandards, which has resulted in loweracceptance rates, is primarily a result of therecent economic recession.

Which of the following, if true, would bestsupport the argument above?

�� Many prospective students have beendeterred from applying to graduate schoolbecause of decreasing acceptance rates.

�� Many professionals have lobbied for higheracademic standards at graduate schools.

�� Many professionals with graduate degreeswould not have been admitted to graduateprograms had they faced current admissionrequirements.

�� Many first year graduate students citelayoffs and downsizing as the primaryreason that they decided to return to school.

�� There are twice as many universities offeringgraduate programs today as twenty years ago.

4. The increase of availability and use of digitalscanners and electronic mail has made paperdocuments in many offices obsolete.

�� increase of availability and

�� increases of availability and

�� increase in availability and

�� increases in availability and

�� increases of availability and the increases of

5. It has been known for years that people withhigh blood pressure should avoid foods high insalt, since a high salt intake can worsen highblood pressure. However, it is often erroneouslyassumed that those not suffering from highblood pressure would not benefit from restrictingtheir salt intake when in fact most people wouldbenefit greatly.

Which one of the following statements, if true,would most strengthen the argument above?

�� Many people who eat a lot of salt do havehigh blood pressure.

�� Salt doesn’t always contribute to high bloodpressure.

�� A salty diet is even more likely to lead tohigh blood pressure when combined withsmoking.

�� Even people who do not eat salty foodssometimes develop high blood pressure.

�� Salt has other harmful effects in addition tocontributing to high blood pressure.

6. Abraham Lincoln is regarded to be one of thegreatest presidents in American history.

�� to be

�� to be as

�� as being

�� in order to be

�� as

Questions 7 through 9 are based on the followingpassage:

Since 1789, the President has had theauthority to veto legislation passed by Congress;this is a powerful tool. The threat of a veto canhelp bring about compromise in the content of abill long before it reaches the President. The“return” veto is a qualified negative veto that theCongress can override with a two-thirds vote. The“pocket” veto is a veto that becomes effectivewhen the President simply does not sign a billwhile Congress is in session. Once Congress hasadjourned, it is unable to override the veto.Opponents of the pocket veto allege that it grantsthe President too much power. They describe it asan absolute veto, a prerogative of the Englishkings that the Framers vehemently despised.

The presidential dominance argumentsmisrepresent the pocket veto. Unlike the royalprerogative, the pocket veto is exercised by ademocratically elected leader pursuant to aclearly defined constitutional procedure.Congress may arrange presentation of a bill tothwart the President’s opportunity to use thepocket veto. Moreover, a true absolute vetoforecloses fur ther action on a proposal;Congress, however, may overcome a pocket vetoby reintroducing and passing the rejected bill.

The pocket veto’s flaw, if any, is that itpermits the President to block legislation whenCongress would have almost certainly overriddena return veto. Specifically, the pocket veto grantsthe President a special political tool against“popular will.” Herein lies the fundamentaldisagreement over the pocket veto. Opponentspress for the President to defer to the seeminglyinevitable congressional victory. The President, incontrast, stands behind the historical use of thepocket veto to delay legislation he thinks unwise.

Not every bill pocket vetoed would havebeen subjected to a return veto. And not everyreturn veto of a bill that was overwhelminglypopular in Congress would have been overridden.But in those cases in which the President woulduse the return veto, and Congress would vote tooverride that return, the pocket veto acts to stop ordelay popular legislation. If legislative supremacyis the most important value to protect, then thepocket veto is wrong. But, more realistically, ifcircumspection and deliberation are the morevalued aspects of the lawmaking process, eventhe most blatantly political use of the pocket vetopasses muster. Historical practice favors thePresident’s employing this tool to act as aninterloper, as it were, in the legislative process.

7. As used in the passage, the word “interloper” inthe last sentence most nearly means:

�� one who unjustly assumes power throughthe use of force

�� one who acts as a liaison between differentparties

�� one who intervenes in a situation or process

�� one who thinks carefully before acting

�� one who makes executive decisions

8. Which of the following best describes thestructure of this passage?

�� Presentation of an historical authority;discussion of how this authority is usedtoday; recommendation for continued use ofthis authority.

�� Examination of royal authority; presentationof democratic use of a similar authority;conclusion that this authority has no placewithin a democratic government.

�� Description of a power exercised by thePresident; discussion of pros and cons ofthis power; recommendation that this powershould be maintained.

�� Explanation of an executive power; analysisof arguments against use of this power;conclusion in favor of this power.

�� Survey of attitudes towards Presidentialpower; historical use of this power;agreement with the attitude of the majority

9. The author’s conclusion that those who opposeuse of the pocket veto misrepresent its powerdepends on which of the following assumptions?

�� A democratically elected leader who isbound by constitutional checks cannotaccumulate too much legislative power.

�� In a democracy, the legislative and executivebranches are balanced by the authority ofthe judicial branch.

�� Royal prerogatives no longer exist in moderngovernments.

�� The pocket veto limits the President’s powerto counteract a congressional motion.

�� The pocket veto prevents congressionalvictory over the popular will.

15

VERBAL

(5)

(10)

(15)

(20)

(25)

(30)

(35)

(40)

(45)

(50)

10. The new dietary supplement about to bereleased into the market will greatly help thosetrying to lose weight. During a medical study,65% of those who took the supplement on adaily basis lost an average of 10 pounds overthe course of a month.

Which of the statements below would mostweaken the author’s argument?

�� All the members of the study weredetermined by medical professionals to besignificantly overweight.

�� 35% of the people in the study gained 2–3pounds each over the course of a month.

�� As soon as the members of the studystopped taking the supplement, any weightthey had lost returned.

�� The 65% who lost weight also engaged in anew daily exercise routine over the sametime period.

�� All dietary supplements must obtain federalapproval before release into the market.

11. To ensure that all its managers develop the skillsrequired for effective leadership, the Brandexcorporation instituted a mandatory managementtraining program. All new managers wererequired to attend one of the four annual trainingprograms, in which participants met once perweek for eight weeks to discuss managementtheory and to simulate real-life scenarios. Writtenevaluations were distributed at the last sessionof each program. The evaluations collected atthe end of the training program did not revealany complaints about the program, so it is clearthat the management training program wassuccessful.

The reasoning in this argument is flawedbecause the argument

�� fails to describe the curriculum of thetraining program

�� assumes what it seeks to prove

�� fails to establish a proper connectionbetween the lack of complaints in theevaluations and the goals of the program

�� uses the term “effective” in two differentsenses

�� overlooks the possibility that there arealternative methods of developing leadershipskills

12. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, thegarden at Giverny became the focal point ofClaude Monet’s artistic endeavors, one of theFrench Impressionists.

�� Claude Monet’s artistic endeavors, one ofthe French Impressionists

�� Claude Monet’s, one of the FrenchImpressionists, artistic endeavors

�� the artistic endeavors of Claude Monet, oneof the French Impressionists

�� the artistic endeavors of Claude Monet’s,one of the French Impressionists

�� one of the French Impressionists, ClaudeMonet’s artistic endeavors

16

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

13. Countries whose economies depend onexporting their raw agricultural produce are oftenat a distinct disadvantage. Since the produce isunprocessed, there is no effective differencebetween the wheat, for example, grown in onecountry and the wheat grown in another. Thisresults in fierce competition among countries tosell their undifferentiated commodities.

Which of the following can be properly inferredfrom the passage?

�� Countries that primarily export specialtyitems that are produced nowhere else havean advantage over countries that primarilyexport undifferentiated commodities.

�� It is in all countries’ interest to foregoexporting agricultural produce.

�� As industrialized countries grow less relianton agricultural imports, some countries willexport more of their produce to these lessindustrialized countries.

�� Agricultural countries have no real need foradvanced technology, as they can acquireindustrial products through trade with moreadvanced countries.

�� Economically powerful countries refuse toallow other nations to process, and thusincrease the value of, their exports.

14. After many years of feeling separated by a greatdivide, the doctor now finds himself besides thelawyer, working with one another against HMOsand big tobacco.

�� besides the lawyer, working with one another

�� besides the lawyer, working with each other

�� beside the lawyer, working with each other

�� beside the lawyer, working with him

�� beside the lawyer, working with one another

15. Count Laszlo Almasy, a Hungarian aristocrat,spied for the Germans during World War II andapparently for the Soviet Union then.

�� spied for the Germans during World War IIand apparently for the Soviet Union then

�� spied for Germany during World War II andthen apparently for the Soviet Union

�� was a spy for the Germans during World WarII and apparently for the Soviet Union then

�� spied during World War II for the Germansand apparently for the Soviet Union then

�� during World War II was a spy for Germanyand then apparently for the Soviet Union

16. Ice floats on water, making it an exception to thegeneral rule of a substance being denser in itssolid state than in its liquid state.

�� of a substance being denser in its solidstate than in its liquid state

�� of how a substance is denser in its solidstate than in its liquid state

�� that a substance is denser when its state issolid than when liquid

�� that a substance is denser in its solid statethan in its liquid state

�� that a substance is denser when solid thanwhen its state is liquid

17

VERBAL

Questions 17 through 21 are based on thefollowing passage:

The Internet and the World Wide Web havechanged the way business is done throughout theworld. Firms can advertise goods and servicesonline, reaching billions of people. E-commercetechnology allows credit card purchases online,so businesses can conduct transactions over theInternet. The ability to carry on e-mail and instant-messaging conversations with potential clientsopens up opportunities to communicate withpeople who otherwise might not be reached.However, as with any technological advancement,there are problems that must be addressedbefore businesses can take full advantage of theopportunities.

One problem is that most business peopledon’t know how to effectively advertise online.Because there are so many different sites onwhich to advertise, and because there are somany methods of online advertising, businessescan waste their advertising budgets on sites thataren’t visited by the people most likely topurchase their products. Another problem issecurity. Because purchasers must send creditcard information over the Internet, there is adanger of hackers intercepting that informationand using it fraudulently. None of the methods ofsecuring information sent over the Internet hasproven completely safe. Until these problems areaddressed, the commercial potential of theInternet and the World Wide Web will not be fullyrealized.

17. The author would be most likely to agree withwhich of the following statements?

�� The Internet will never be accepted bytechnophobes.

�� Residential Internet service providers willstruggle once the Internet and World WideWeb are more commonly used for businesspurposes.

�� Hackers are more honest than the averagebusiness owner.

�� Computer data lines are not necessarilysecure.

�� The Internet is not user-friendly.

18. According to the passage, all of the following aretrue EXCEPT

�� the Internet and World Wide Web hold greatpotential for businesses

�� consumers can presently use technology toorder products through online channels

�� there are many different options foradvertising online

�� there is a completely secure way to conductcredit card transactions online

�� people across the world can be reached byto online advertising

19. It can be inferred from the passage that theauthor would endorse which of the following as ahelpful solution for online advertisers?

�� Find sites that target a desired audience

�� Create a homepage and assume people willfind it

�� Offer credit card purchase opportunitieswithout employing any security measures

�� Send e-mail to the creators of every Internetsite the advertiser visits

�� Skip advertising online and maintain currentadvertising methods

20. The primary purpose of this passage is to

�� dismiss the theory that the Internet andWorld Wide Web will continue to be used bybusinesses

�� debunk the myth that most businesses canbenefit from the Internet

�� criticize online business practices

�� describe what effects online advertising hason businesses

�� present both the potential benefits andcurrent pitfalls of online business practices

18

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

(5)

(10)

(15)

(20)

(25)

(30)

21. According to the passage, which of the followingis a way that businesses can benefit from beingonline?

�� Businesses are guaranteed to have moreexposure than their competitors.

�� A single online advertisement can be viewedby people all over the world, not just within alimited broadcast area.

�� Because there are no controls on theInternet, people will be wary of purchasingfrom online merchants for fear of fraud.

�� The average website is seen by over 2,000people per day.

�� A higher proportion of online sales thanoffline sales is made using credit cards.

22. Contemporary jazz is obviously an inadequateimitation of classic jazz. Most of today’s jazzmusicians are formally trained in music theoryand practice, often in a university setting. This isnot as it should be; jazz music should be basedon the tragic life experiences of the musician.

The argument above depends upon which of thefollowing assumptions?

�� Universities are not capable of instructingmusicians in jazz theory.

�� If a musician cannot play his or herinstruments competently, then he or she isnot genuine.

�� Classic jazz musicians were more talentedand industrious than their contemporarycounterparts.

�� Formally trained musicians have not beensubjected to tragic life experiences.

�� All musicians trained in universities merelyimitate their predecessors’ styles.

23. In Country X in 1996, 84% of political donationsfrom businesses came from those with annualsales of over $100 million. In that same year,24 companies in the software industry, all ofwhich had shown increases in the valuation oftheir stock of over 40% in the preceding year,accounted for 19% of business politicaldonations.

If the above statements are true, which of thefollowing must also be true?

�� Computer companies made more politicaldonations than did pharmaceuticalcompanies.

�� At least one of the businesses with annualsales of over $100 million showed anincrease in the value of its stock in 1995.

�� Most software companies had sales of lessthan $100 million in 1995.

�� Individual contributions accounted for 16%of all political campaign contributions

�� The stock of most businesses with annualsales over $100 million did not increase byover 40% in 1996.

24. In addition to credit and income requirements,many landlords also require that, before or atthe time of signing a residential lease, eachprospective renter pay not only the first monthand last month’s rent and a security depositthat is usually equal to one month’s rent.

�� pay not only the first month and lastmonth’s rent and

�� pays not only the first month and lastmonth’s rent and

�� pays not only the first month and lastmonth’s rent, but also

�� will pay not only the first and last month’srent, but also

�� pay not only the first and last month’s rent,but also

19

VERBAL

25. Hiring recently graduated job candidates asproduct consultants is economicallyadvantageous. That is the claim of manybusiness analysts who argue that thesecandidates are often most aware of recentadvances in product technology, and also can behired for less money than more experiencedcandidates.

The claim of the business analysts as it ispresented above would be most strengthened ifwhich of the following were true?

�� In recent years, there have been more jobopenings for product consultants thanqualified candidates to fill the positions.

�� Those businesses with the highestpercentage of recent graduates as productconsultants have had lower per capitasalaries and more innovative uses of newtechnology.

�� Undergraduate programs in fields relevant toproduct consulting have reported a generaldecline in enrollment in recent years.

�� Job candidates with more experience in thefield of product consulting often have abetter understanding of providing effectiveproducts within realistic budgetaryconstraints.

�� Due to new, inexpensive Internet-basedproduct survey technologies, companies arerelying less on dedicated product consultantsto identify strengths and weaknesses ofconsumer products.

26. In order to paint a rough surface evenly andeffectively, it is necessary to sand it and applyprimer before applying the paint.

�� it and apply primer before applying the paint

�� it and prime it and paint it

�� it, then prime it, then paint it

�� the surface and apply primer before youapply paint to the surface

�� the surface, apply primer to the surface andthen paint it

27. The group, which was made up of local officials,students, and a number of members of themedia, were exhilarated by the return of thenative son having recently risen to the ranks ofcelebrity.

�� were exhilarated by the return of the nativeson having recently risen

�� were exhilarated by returning the native sonwho recently has rose

�� were exhilarated by the return of the nativeson who had recently risen

�� was exhilarated by the return of the nativeson who had recently risen

�� was exhilarated by returning the native sonrecently risen

28. Tamara: My previous employer, WXY Corporation,owes me my final paycheck, and I have beenhaving trouble collecting it. Tomorrow, I am goingto WXY ’s payroll office with an attorney, and Iam not coming home without my final paycheck.So, if I am not home tomorrow night, you willknow that I haven’t collected my final paycheck.

Which of the following best describes the flaw inTamara’s reasoning?

�� It erroneously presumes that WXY can affordto pay Tamara’s final paycheck.

�� It mistakenly assumes that the presence ofan attorney will guarantee the collection ofthe final paycheck.

�� It unfairly attacks the character of theemployees in WXY ’s payroll office ratherthan the policies they execute.

�� It mistakes something that could be true forsomething that must be true.

�� It equivocates with respect to the term“collect.”

20

GMAT PRACTICE TEST

Questions 29 through 33 are based on thefollowing passage:

Flexible personal body armor made frominterlocking iron or steel rings was known as farback as the ancient Roman era. Used primarily asprotection for elite, heavy cavalry troops, variousforms of so-called “chain mail” armor—either as acomplete garment or combined with other formsof protection—were relatively rare and expensiveat that time, and less practical than the Romaninfantryman’s lorica segmentata. The latter wasthe iron cuirass made from segmented steelplates hung on a leather harness, favored by theinfantry of the Roman legions. For centuries afterthe fall of Imperial Rome, the craft of fashioningmail armor fell into disuse; then it re-emerged inthe medieval period with such vigor that, by thefourteenth century, entire armies could feasibly beoutfitted with practical and effective linked metalarmor suits.

The type of armor historians sometimescall “chain mail”—but which was called by itscontemporaries merely “mail”—had manyadvantages for the individual fighting man in theage of steel weapons. It combined the flexibilityand suppleness of cloth with the impact-absorbing mass and cut resistance of rigid metalplates. Edged weapons, no matter how sharp, areincapable of slashing or sawing through a well-fashioned mail suit. Moreover, when struck with ablunt object, the links transfer the force throughthe mass of the garment, absorbing a significantquantity of impact and lessening the degree of itstransfer to soft tissues underneath.

The process of manufacturing a mail shirtwas enormously labor-intensive in pre-industrialtimes. Each of the thousands of individual linksthat made up a full suit or “harness” had to beindividually cut from a coil of hand-drawn wire, theends of the link flattened and drilled with tinyholes, and then the link looped into the garmentand riveted closed. By varying the pattern ofinterlocking links, the master mailer was able toenlarge or shrink the metal garment to “knit”sleeves, mittens, hoods and other complexforms. Eventually the ascendancy of improvedstabbing and piercing weapons accelerated theobsolescence of linked mail armor, and the needfor greater protection spurred the development ofarmors revolving around cleverly articulated rigidsteel plates instead. Today only a few examplesof medieval-era linked metal armor suits remain.

29. According to the passage, all of the followingwere steps in the process of creating amedieval-era mail harness EXCEPT

�� flattening and drilling holes in the ends ofeach link

�� varying the pattern of interlocking links toform contours

�� cutting the individual links from a coil of wire

�� suspending the completed mail suit from aleather harness

�� riveting the cut ends of the metal links shut

30. Which of the following can be inferred from thepassage about ancient Roman armor?

�� The lorica segmentata fell into disuse andthen had a resurgence in the medievalperiod.

�� Ancient Roman linked-mail armor was lesseffective than the armor made in thefourteenth century.

�� The improved stabbing and piercing weaponsused by Rome’s military opponents madeflexible mail armor impractical for Romantroops.

�� Armor made from segmented steel plateswas unsuitable for wear by cavalry troops.

�� The lorica segmentata was a morepragmatic form of protection for infantrythan flexible mail armor.

31. Which of the following most closely resemblesthe physical dynamic by which flexible linkedmetal armor provides protection?

�� A construction worker’s hard hat provides asloping, rigid barrier that causes fallingobjects to glance away.

�� A tank’s reactive armor is sandwiched withexplosive materials that blast outward whenthe surface is penetrated.

�� A material woven of ballistic nylon, when struckby a projectile, transfers force out across itssurface instead of allowing the force to passthrough.

�� A cyclist’s helmet absorbs force bystrategically crushing and breaking apart onimpact.

�� A ship’s compartmented hull provides barriersthat successively contain and disperse theforce crashing through a bulkhead.

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VERBAL

(5)

(10)

(15)

(20)

(25)

(30)

(35)

(40)

(45)

(50)

32. Which of the following statements is bestsupported by the passage?

�� Military technologies in the era of steel handweapons succeeded primarily because ofthe existence of an adequate network ofskilled craftsmen to support them.

�� Flexible metal link armor represented apractical solution to a technological need ina particular historical era.

�� The availability of practical mail armor waslimited mainly to the fourteenth century.

�� Linked metal armor was of such limitedusefulness that it quickly became obsoleteas soon as the superior technology ofarticulated metal plates becamewidespread.

�� The unique characteristics of flexible linkedmetal armor make it a useful solution totechnological applications today.

33. The organization of the second paragraph isbest described by which of the followingstatements?

�� An argument is delineated, and thencontrasted with a counterargument.

�� An assertion is presented, followed bysupporting elaboration and explanation.

�� A historical situation is elaborated inreference to the events that preceded it.

�� A specific example is extended to explaingeneral conclusions drawn from it.

�� A group of dissimilar occurrences isexpounded and the distinctions betweenthem are explained.

34. An archaeological dig sponsored by fiveuniversities unearthed five stone tablets incisedwith an undeciphered ancient script. Theuniversities agreed that each would take onetablet to decipher. Because of the prestigeinvolved for the university that cracks the script,critics of current academic practices fear thatthe universities will jealously guard theirscholars’ work until decipherment is complete,and this prevention of scholars building on eachothers’ work will result in the script never beingdeciphered.

Which of the following, if true, would tend toweaken most seriously the critics’ argument?

�� Without healthy competition, the intellectuallife of the university stagnates and researchloses forward momentum.

�� The decipherment of other ancient scriptshas generally been the work of a singleperson working alone.

�� Universities will give substantial funding toprojects they consider prestigious.

�� A university atmosphere generally providesan open forum for the exchange of ideas,which enhances the growth of intellectualprojects.

�� When deciphering a code, the militaryalways works in secrecy to prevent any leaksto the enemy that will warn them to changetheir code.

35. About 7,500 years ago, a torrent of waterpoured through the Bosporus into the Black Sea,raising the water level 500 feet within a year.

�� a torrent of water poured through theBosporus into the Black Sea, raising thewater level

�� a torrent of water poured through theBosporus into the Black Sea, which raisedthe water level

�� a torrent of water poured into the Black Seathrough the Bosporus, which raised thewater level

�� the Black Sea had a torrent of water pouredinto it through the Bosporus, raising thewater level

�� the Black Sea had the water level raised bya torrent of water pouring into it through theBosporus

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GMAT PRACTICE TEST

36. Curious George was a simian and was a hero ofmany children’s books and was created by H. A.and Margret Rey.

�� George was a simian and was a hero ofmany children’s books and was

�� George was simian, a hero of manychildren’s books, and

�� George was a simian and he was a hero ofmany children’s books and he was

�� George, the simian hero of many children’sbooks, was

�� George was a simian and a hero of manychildren’s books and

37. A greater number of cars are sold in Town P thanin Town Q. Therefore, the citizens of Town Pspend more time driving their cars, per capita,than do the citizens of Town Q.

Each of the following, if true, weakens theconclusion above EXCEPT:

�� Town P has a larger population than Town Q.

�� Most citizens of Town Q work in Town P andbuy their cars there.

�� Many residents of Town P purchase secondcars that they use only rarely.

�� Most drivers from Town P tend to drive onlyduring the day, and only within the city limitsof Town P.

�� The average price of cars sold in Town P islower than the average price of cars sold inTown Q.

38. Current political strategists often looked to thepast campaigns of their counterparts in otherparties for inspiration.

�� looked to the past campaigns of theircounterparts

�� looked to past counterparts’ campaigns

�� look to the past campaigns of theircounterparts

�� are looking to counterparts’ past campaigns

�� look to their counterparts’ campaigns of thepast

39. Interstate highways are the main travel routes formany commercial and private travelers. Thesehighways include many signs that must berepaired by dedicated repair crews. Without thismaintenance, the highway signs would soonbecome dangerous and eventually becomeunusable. Therefore, the government mustcontinue to employ these dedicated repair crews.

Which of the following, if true, would mostseriously weaken the conclusion above?

�� These sign-repair crews are more expensivethan the repair crews that maintain theroads.

�� The sign-repair crews occasionally blocktraffic during the course of their work.

�� Due to developments in technology, newsigns can now be made and installed forless than the cost of repairing the old signs.

�� When maintenance by these repair crews isperformed regularly, signs last much longer.

�� When highway signs deteriorate, theaccident rate increases.

40. Unlike the realistic oil paintings and marblesculptures of earlier centuries, many modernartists attempt to convey messages throughabstract images.

�� Unlike the realistic oil paintings and marblesculptures of earlier centuries

�� Unlike the artists whom created realistic oilpaintings and marble sculptures of earliercenturies

�� Unlike the artists of earlier centuries, whocreated realistic oil paintings and marblesculptures

�� Different from the realistic oil paintings andmarble sculptures of earlier centuries

�� Different from the artists who createdrealistic oil paintings and marble sculpturesof earlier centuries

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VERBAL

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GMAT PRACTICE TEST

41. Although large sedans make up only 17 percentof the cars on the road, they are the impactedcars in 25 percent of all rear-end collisions. Onthe other hand, sports cars, which represent 12percent of cars on the road, are the impactedcars in only 6 percent of rear-end collisions.

Which of the following, if true, best explains thedata described above?

�� The large size of sedans makes their brakingdistance longer than average, increasing thechances that they will be unable to stop intime to avoid hitting an obstacle.

�� Many drivers of large sedans drive moreslowly than average drivers, increasing theprobability that other drivers will follow tooclosely.

�� Sports cars tend to have powerful brakes fortheir size, making their braking distancemuch shorter than that of most cars thatfollow them.

�� The number of large sedans on the road hasbeen steadily increasing in recent years.

�� Large sedans are often driven by olderdrivers with slower reflexes.