Glycolysis and Cellular Respirationweb.eng.fiu.edu/brownm/BME3403/PowerPoint lectures...•Glycolysis 2 ATP •Transition Reaction 0 ATP •Krebs Cycle 2 ATP •Electron Transport

Glycolysis and Cellular

Respiration

Harvesting Energy

Cellular Respiration

• Harvesting of energy (in the form of

ATP) from food molecules by cells.

Let’s Focus on Glucose!!!

Aerobic Cellular RespirationC6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + chemical and heat energy

Stages of Cellular RespirationGlycolysis

_________________________________

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Chemiosmosis

Glycolysis

Glucose

moleculeC6H12O6

6 carbon atoms

Glycolysis

2 ATP

4 ATP

“Priming the pump”

pyruvate pyruvate

NADH

NAD+

Stages of Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

_________________________________

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Chemiosmosis

Transition Reaction

pyruvate pyruvate

Transition Reaction

pyruvate pyruvate

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

Acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA

NADH NADH

Stages of Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

_________________________________

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Chemiosmosis

Krebs Cycle

Acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

Carbon

dioxide

CO2

FADH2 NADH NADHFADH2

ATP ATP

3 3

1 1

1 1

Stages of Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

_________________________________

Transition Reaction

Krebs Cycle

Electron Transport Chain

Chemiosmosis

Electron Transport Chain

Electron transport

chain

matrix

Intermembrane

compartment

ATP synthesizing

enzyme

Channel protein

Electron Transport ChainNADH

FADH2

Electron Transport Chain

NADH NAD+

2e- H+

Electron Transport Chain

NADH NAD+

H+

2e-

H+H+

Electron Transport Chain

FADH2 FAD+

3 e- 2 H+

Electron Transport Chain

FADH2 FAD+

3e-

H+ H+ H+

Electron Transport Chain

e-

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+H+

H+

2 H+ + 1/2 O2H2O

Electron Transport Chain

e-

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+H+

H+

2 H+ + 1/2 O2H2OOxygen is the final

electron acceptor

Chemiosmosis

H+ H+

H+

H+

H+ H+

H+

H+H+

H+High H+

concentration

Low H+

concentration

H+

ADP ATP34 ATP

produced!

Summing Up

(Aerobic Cellular Respiration)

• Glycolysis 2 ATP

• Transition Reaction 0 ATP

• Krebs Cycle 2 ATP

• Electron Transport Chain 0 ATP

• Chemiosmosis 34 ATP

-----------------------------------------------------

• Total 38 ATP

Making Cheese

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Pyruvate

C3H4O3

Lactate

C3H6O3

Lactate

C3H6O3

Pyruvate

C3H4O3

NADH

NAD+

NADH

NAD+

Making Beer and Bread

Alcohol Fermentation

• Saccharomyces

cerevisiae

1 Cup Sugar

¼ teaspoon

Active Yeast

Mix

1 Tablespoon

Root Beer

Extract

Fill ½ with water then swirl; Then fill to neck and screw cap on

tightly

Room temperature about three to

four days until the bottle feels hard to

a forceful squeeze.

Move to a cool place (below 65 F).

Refrigerate overnight to thoroughly

chill before serving.

Louis Pasteur

• First to describe

alcoholic

fermentation

– discovered yeast as

the organism that

turned sugar into

alcohol

• Pasteur Effect

Pasteur Effect

Tube 1 Tube 2

Yeast

Nutrients

Air

Yeast

Nutrients

No air

Glucose use

Which uses more?

Pasteur Effect

Time

GlucoseConc.

1 21

2

Air

No Air

Pasteur Effect

• Tube 1 (Air)

– Aerobic Cellular

Respiration

– How many ATP’s

generated per

glucose?

– 38 ATP

• Tube 2 (No Air)

– Fermentation

– How many ATP’s

generated per

glucose?

– 2 ATP

Pasteur Effect

Time

Carbon dioxideConc.

1 2

1

2

Air

No Air

Making Red Wine

• Foam cap

– CO2

Alcohol Fermentation

Pyruvate

C3H4O3

Acetaldehyde

C2H4O

Acetaldehyde

C2H4O

Pyruvate

C3H4O3

CO2CO2

Alcohol Fermentation

Acetaldehyde

C2H4O

Ethanol

C2H5OH

Ethanol

C2H5OH

Acetaldehyde

C2H4O

NADH

NAD+

NADH

NAD+

Summing Up

(Fermentation)

• Glycolysis 2 ATP

-----------------------------------------------------

• Total 2 ATP