Global Warming and Increasing Trends of Natural Disasters in India

8/3/2019 Global Warming and Increasing Trends of Natural Disasters in India

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Global Warming/Climate

Change and increasing trendsof Natural Disasters in India

Prof. Vinod K. SharmaProfessor, Disaster Management and Environment

Indian Institute of Public Administration

New Delhi



Climate Change is reality

• Orissa Super Cyclone 1999

• Mumbai Floods 2005

• Surat Floods 2006• Rajasthan Floods 2007

• Cloud Bursts 2010

• Floods in Asia 2010• Monthly Temperature in 2010



Growing Emission of CO2 and

Green House Gases



Greenhouse Gases

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) 50%

• Methane (CH4

) 18% 74%

• Nitrous oxide (N2O) 6%

• Hydroflurocarbons (HFCs)

• Perflurocarbons (PFCs)26%

• Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)





WHO IS RESPONSIBLE

• Developed Countries and their life style

• Developing Countries and their basicneeds



Per Country GHG in 2000

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:GHG_by_country_2000.svg



Per Capita GHG in 2000


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:GHG_per_capita_2000.svg



Growth of CO2 Emission



http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/global-warming-and-increasing-trends-of-natural-disasters-in-india 10/39The components of the global climate system - A schematic view (Source: IPCC 2001)




Global mean temperatures are rising faster with time

100 0.0740.018

50 0.1280.026

11 out of 12 recent years werewarmest in the century:

1998,2005,2003,2002,2004,2006,2001,1997,1995,1999,1990,2000

Period Rate

Years /decade




















Climate Change Syndrome

• Shorter winter

• Longer summer• Warmer nights

• Variation in season length

• Variability in rainfall















Hail&Lightning

AvalanchesFlash floods

Tornadoes

Wildland fires

& haze

Hot & cold spells

Heavy precipitations

(rain or snow)

Droughts

Storm surges

Storm (winds)

River basin flooding

Mud & landslides

Ice Storms

Tropical cyclones

Dust storms

Weather, water and

climate-related

hazards























How Serious is Climate Change?




How India is affected by Climate

Change

• Himalayan Zone and North East

• Coastal Area

• Central India

• East, West, North and South













Some Impacts

Foodgrains Production (Million Tonnes)

179.5184.3

191.5

180.4

199.4

192.3

203.6209.8

196.8

212.9

174.2

212.1

198.4

208.3

150

160

170

180

190

200

210

220

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

P r o d u c t i o n i n M i l l i o n T o n n e s

WHO Mortality rateattributable to

Climate ChangeIndia in the range

of 4-70 mortality for

every millionpeople.

Every cm rise insea level leads to 1

Mtr loss of land.

Sunderbans andOrissa have hadsubstantial land

losscv`

Average retreat of34 Mtrs in the last 5

years

Decadal average:17 mtrs

Trends indicate thatIndia could end uplosing 30% of its

agricultureproduction due toclimate change

(change in rainfall

patterns)`
















































































Major Natural

Disasters :

1990 - 2010

Earthquake, GujaratJanuary 26, 2001

Earthquakes

Uttarkashi 1991

Latur (Killari) 1993

Jabalpur 1997

Chamoli 1999

Kutchchh, Gujarat 2001

J&K 2005

Cyclones

East & West Godavari 1992&

dist.of Andhra Pradesh 1996

Kutchchh, Gujarat 1998

Orissa 1999

Floods

Punjab 1993

Kerala 1994

Punjab & Haryana 1996

Mumbai 2005

Tsunami

Andaman & Nicobar

Islands & coastal areas 2004

TsunamiDec.26, 2004

Earthquake, J&KOct.8, 2005
































Floods• Floods in the Indo-Gangetic-

Brahmaputra plains are an annual

feature

• On an average, a few hundred lives

are lost

• Millions are rendered homeless

Lakhs of hectares of crops are

damaged every year















Wind and CyclonesDuring the Period 1877-2005 in a 50 km wide

strip following cyclonic activity have taken

place:

• 283 cyclones (106 severe) on the East Coast

• 35 cyclones (19 severe) on West Coast

• In the 19 severe cyclonic storms, death toll

> 10,000 lives

In 21 cyclones in Bay of Bengal

(India and Bangladesh) 1.25 million lives

have been lost



























Governance Issues

Relationship between Development andClimate Change-Sustainable Development

Relationship between Natural Resource

Management and Climate Change-Water,Soil and Air

Relationship between Disaster Risk

Reduction and Climate Change- HyogoFramework of Action-Preparedness,Mitigation and Adaptation













Climate Change and DRR

• Water related hazards(Floods/Droughts/Cyclones/Heat or Coldwave etc)

• Food Security – Water

– Sustainable Agriculture

– Sustainable Forestry – Alternatives (Rural Industries)

– Adaptation measures




















0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Russia

Indonesia

Thailand

Turkey

Mexico

Iran

Pakistan

USA

China

India 57

56

25

19

8

6

5.2

5.0

4.8

4.6

(Million ha


























Precision land leveling




Use of syphon tubes and getted pipes




Sprinkler irrigation method is good for close growing crops




Traveling gun sprinkler


















National Action Plan

• National Plan with 8 Missions

• State Level Plan

• District Level Plan• Block Level Plan

• Village Level Plan

• Sectoral Plans• Administration and Action Plans


















India: Climate Action Plan

• National Solar Mission• National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency• National Mission on sustainable habitat• National Water Mission• National Mission on Sustaining Himalyan

Ecosystem• National Mission on Green India•

National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture• National Mission on Strategic Knowledge forclimate change






















State Level Plans

• Delhi Action Plan 2009-2012

• Gujarat

• Orrisa

• Andhra Pradesh

• Madhya Pradesh

• Karnataka

• Uttarakhand

• Uttar Pradesh

i th i t





















…recognise the importance

of creativity and innovation





THANKYOU




Global Warming and Increasing Trends of Natural Disasters in India

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