Global POPs contamination-...CHANGES OVER TIME IN AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF INDICATOR PCB (SUM 6 PCB) Bahia Blanca, Argentina Lima, Peru Sao Jose, Brazil. 7/19/2016 8 CONCENTRATIONS OF

7/19/2016 1www.brsmeas.org @brsmeasUNEP

Global Workshop on Developing, revising and

updating National Implementation Plans (NIPs) under the Stockholm Convention

Secretariat of the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions

Global POPs contamination-Trends in concentrations of POPs in

humans and the environment

7/19/2016 2

2

GLOBAL MONITORING PLAN FOR POPS

What are the GMP data telling us?

• The presence of POPs is ubiquitous

• If measures are implemented to reduce or eliminate releases of POPs the concentrations in humans and the environment are decreasing

7/19/2016 3

CONCENTRATION OF DIOXINS AND FURANS IN HUMAN MILKPG TEQ/G FAT

0 10 20 30 40

Uganda

Kenya

Mauritius

Tonga

Nigeria

Syria

Ghana

Haiti

Kiribati

Mali

Korea Rep.

Fiji

Antigua and Barbuda

Taijikistan

Cyprus

Georgia

Australia

Hungary

Norway

Lithuania

Finland

Sweden

Switzerland

Sudan

Slovak Republic

Uruguay

Senegal

Hong Kong SAR

Czech Republic

Moldova

Chile

Belgium

Luxembourg

Ivory Coast

Congo DR

India

WHO PCDD/PCDF-TEQ/g fat

1987-2002 2005-2010

7/19/2016 4

Changes in levels over time

7/19/2016 5

Secretariat of Stockholm

Convention

5

TRENDS – DIOXINS (JAPAN)

7/19/2016 6

Trends – DDT, Japan

y = 4.7126e-0.019x

R² = 0.3415

y = -0.0037x + 0.5626R² = 0.3118

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0

2

4

6

8

10A

pr.

Jun

e

Au

g.

Oct

.

Dec

.

Feb

.

Ap

r.

Jun

e

Au

g.

Oct

.

Dec

.

Feb

.

Ap

r.

Jun

e

Au

g.

Oct

.

Dec

.

Feb

.

Ap

r.

Jun

e

Au

g.

Oct

.

Dec

.

Feb

.

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

POPs levels in Hedo, OkinawaTotal DDTs & DDT/total DDTs (pg/m3)

Total DDTs DDT/total DDTs

7/19/2016 7www.brsmeas.org @brsmeas

CHANGES OVER TIME IN AIR CONCENTRATIONS OF INDICATOR PCB (SUM 6 PCB)

Bahia Blanca, Argentina

Lima, Peru

Sao Jose, Brazil

7/19/2016 8

C O N C E N T R AT I O N S O F I N D I C AT O R P C B I N

H U M A N M I L K ( S U M 6 P C B )

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Eth

iop

ia,

201

2

Ke

nya

,20

09

Ug

an

da

, 2

009

Ma

uritiu

s, 2

00

9

Djib

ou

ti, 2

011

Ma

li,2

00

9

Eg

yp

t, 2

00

1

Nig

er,

201

1

Co

ng

o (

De

m.R

ep

.),

200

9

Gh

an

a,

20

09

Tog

o,

20

10

Su

da

n,

200

6

Nig

eria

, 2

00

8

Co

te d

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ire

, 2

01

0

Se

ne

ga

l, 2

00

9

So

lom

on

Isl

an

ds,

20

11

Fiji

, 2

011

Ton

ga

, 2

00

8

Tuva

lu,

20

11

Fiji

/ K

ad

av

u,

201

1

Niu

e,

20

11

Kirib

ati,

20

11

Sa

mo

a,

20

11

Kirib

ati,

20

06

Ind

on

esi

a,

201

1

Fiji

, 2

006

Syria

, 20

09

Pa

cific

Sta

tes,

20

11

Ind

ia,

200

9

Pa

lau

, 2

01

1

Ma

rsh

all

Isla

nd

s, 2

01

1

Fiji

, 2

002

Tajik

ista

n, 2

00

9

Ko

rea

(R

ep

. o

f),

20

08

Ho

ng

Ko

ng

, 2

00

9

Ph

ilip

pin

es,

20

02

Cyp

rus,

20

06

Ho

ng

Ko

ng

, 2

00

2

Hu

ng

ary

, 2

006

Ge

org

ia, 2

009

Hu

ng

ary

, 2

001

Bu

lga

ria

, 20

01

Lith

ua

nia

, 2

00

9

Mo

lda

va

, 20

09

Ukra

ine

, 20

01

Cro

atia

, 2

00

1

Ru

ssia

, 2

00

1-2

00

2

Ro

ma

nia

, 20

01

Slo

va

kc

Re

p., 2

006

Cze

ch

Re

p,

20

06

Slo

va

k, 2

001

Cze

ch

Re

pu

blic

, 20

01

Me

xic

o, 2

011

Ch

ile, 2

011

Ch

ile, 2

008

Ha

iti, 2

01

1

Su

rin

am

e,

20

12

Pe

ru, 2

011

Bra

zil,

200

1-2

002

Ja

ma

ica

, 20

11

Ba

rba

do

s, 2

010

Uru

gu

ay,

200

9

Ha

iti, 2

00

4

An

tig

ua

an

d B

arb

ud

am

200

8

Cu

ba

, 2

01

1

Ne

w Z

ea

lan

d,

20

11

Au

stra

lia,

201

0

Isra

el, 2

012

Au

stra

lia,

200

2

Ire

lan

d, 2

01

0

Ne

w Z

ea

lan

d,

20

00

Fin

lan

d, 2

007

USA

, 2

003

Ire

lan

d, 2

00

1-2

00

2

No

rwa

y,

200

6

Sw

itze

rla

nd

, 2

00

9

Sw

ed

en

, 2

00

7

Fin

lan

d, 2

001

Luxe

mb

ou

rg, 2

00

6

No

rwa

y,

200

1

Sw

ed

en

, 2

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1

Be

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The

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the

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urg

, 20

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Ge

rma

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Ita

ly,

200

1

Sp

ain

, 2

00

1

Africa Asia and Pacific Central and Eastern Europe Latin America and Caribbean Western European and Other States

ng

/g f

at

7/19/2016 9

Belgium Russian Fed. Fiji

New Zealand

Haiti

Brazil

C H A N G E S O V E R T I M E I N C O N C E N T R AT I O N S

O F I N D I C AT O R P C B I N H U M A N M I L K ( S U M 6

P C B )

7/19/2016 10

The worldwide implementation of the Global Monitoring Plan was made possible thanks to the generous contributions to the Stockholm Convention Voluntary Trust Fund from the Governments of Japan, Norway, Sweden, and through the European Commission’s Thematic Programme for Environment and Sustainable Management of Natural Resources, including Energy (ENRTP). Further, the contribution of the projects to support POPs monitoring activities in regions, funded through the Global Environmet Facility (GEF) and the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM), is greatly acknowledged. Monitoring activities, and data collection and analysis are implemented in the five UN regions in cooperation with strategic partners and through involvement of Regional Organization Groups and Global Coordination Group.

7/19/2016 11www.brsmeas.org @brsmeas

MORE INFORMATION AT:

chm.pops.int