Global Health So near, So far World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, University of Pittsburgh 2011 the year of Global Health.

Global HealthGlobal HealthSo near, So farSo near, So far

World Health OrganizationCollaborating Centre, University of Pittsburgh

2011 the year of Global Health

Health and Global Health, Health and Global Health, WHOWHO

““Health is not only the Health is not only the absence of infirmity absence of infirmity and disease but also a and disease but also a state of physical, state of physical, mental and social well-mental and social well-being.”being.”

GloCalGloCal Health ( Health (GloGlobal to bal to LoLocalcal))

Your Patient andWhere you live

Global health is an Global health is an important new concept. important new concept. The Institute of Medicine The Institute of Medicine refers to global health as refers to global health as

"health problems, issues "health problems, issues and concerns that and concerns that transcend national transcend national boundaries, may be boundaries, may be influenced by influenced by circumstances or circumstances or experiences in other experiences in other countries, and are best countries, and are best addressed by cooperative addressed by cooperative

actions and solutions."actions and solutions."

The Supercourse:The Supercourse: Internet Internet bringing us closer together through bringing us closer together through

learning about global healthlearning about global health

THE SUPERCOURSETHE SUPERCOURSE is a is a global library of lectures on global library of lectures on

prevention and public health, prevention and public health, shared for free by the best shared for free by the best

faculty in the worldfaculty in the world..

www.pitt.edu/~super1

What is WHO?What is WHO?

WHOWHO is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations system. It is responsible for providing leadership on global United Nations system. It is responsible for providing leadership on global health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical support to countries and monitoring and assessing health trends.support to countries and monitoring and assessing health trends.

Who are the developers Who are the developers of this lecture?of this lecture?

Global Health Network Supercourse Global Health Network Supercourse ProjectProject

Library of Alexandria, EgyptLibrary of Alexandria, Egypt WHO Collaborating Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre,

University of Pittsburgh Graduate University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthSchool of Public Health

Global HealthGlobal HealthGlobal Health Network Global Health Network Supercourse Project, Supercourse Project,

University of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh

Building a Global Prevention Building a Global Prevention Network to Share Knowledge Network to Share Knowledge

and Wisdomand Wisdom

Mission of this Mission of this lecturelecture

1.1.Teach every medical, public Teach every medical, public health and nursing student in health and nursing student in the world about global healththe world about global health

2.2. Develop a global health Develop a global health network for students to tackle network for students to tackle local to global health local to global health problems.problems.

The Universal The Universal Declaration Declaration

of Human Rights of Human Rights ““Everyone has the right to a Everyone has the right to a

standard of living adequate for the standard of living adequate for the health and well being of himself and health and well being of himself and his family, including food, clothing, his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care.”housing and medical care.”

    Universal Declaration of Human Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948Rights, 1948

International HealthInternational Health

“ “International health refers to International health refers to the interlocking and interrelated the interlocking and interrelated health status of people health status of people throughout the world and to throughout the world and to efforts to improve the health of all efforts to improve the health of all people of every country.”people of every country.”

Last, Last, FoegeFoege

Public health, medicine, and Public health, medicine, and nursing: parts of the same puzzlenursing: parts of the same puzzle

Why should students Why should students learn about global learn about global

healthhealth As of today, colleges and universities have As of today, colleges and universities have

very few lectures on global health in their very few lectures on global health in their curriculacurricula

Health is becoming a global problem, with Health is becoming a global problem, with chronic diseases being a number one killer chronic diseases being a number one killer around the globearound the globe

By learning more about global health By learning more about global health research, students will be better equipped to research, students will be better equipped to face the challenges of their unique professionface the challenges of their unique profession

Global Health is important for all students, Global Health is important for all students, those in health, engineering, chemistry, etc.those in health, engineering, chemistry, etc.

What should students know What should students know about global healthabout global health

Know the differences between global and Know the differences between global and international health researchinternational health research

Identify key challenges to global healthIdentify key challenges to global health Recognize the importance of information Recognize the importance of information

sharing in the area of global healthsharing in the area of global health Recognize the importance of preventive Recognize the importance of preventive

activities in improving global healthactivities in improving global health Recognize the need for global networking to Recognize the need for global networking to

improve global health locally and globallyimprove global health locally and globally

Local health

International health

Global health

Smallpox vaccination: the Smallpox vaccination: the case of global health effort case of global health effort

in disease eradicationin disease eradication

Most important problems of Most important problems of global health todayglobal health today

Communicable, maternal, Communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional perinatal and nutritional conditionsconditions

Noncommunicable Noncommunicable diseasesdiseases

InjuriesInjuries

There are many challenges to There are many challenges to global health with different global health with different professionals emphasizing professionals emphasizing

different diseases.different diseases.

Interdisciplinary approaches are Interdisciplinary approaches are needed to ease the burden of needed to ease the burden of both communicable and non-both communicable and non-

communicable diseasescommunicable diseases

Cause of death Death in Millions Percent of Death

Coronary heart disease

7.20 12.2

Stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases

5.71 9.7

Lower respiratory infections

4.18 7.1

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

3.02 5.1

Diarrheal diseases 2.16 3.7

HIV/AIDS 2.04 3.5

Tuberculosis 1.46 2.5

Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers

1.32 2.3

Road traffic accidents

1.27 2.2

Prematurity and low birth weight

1.18 2.0

10 leading causes of death around the world (WHO)

Digital divide: gap between haves and have nots

One of the biggest global health challenges is access to information

Problem: Information Problem: Information sharing:sharing:

Important challenge to global health Important challenge to global health in the 21in the 21stst century. century.

Potential Solution: WWW and Potential Solution: WWW and

Mobile Global Health Mobile Global Health

The importance of The importance of knowledge, learning, knowledge, learning,

innovation, and ITinnovation, and IT

““The most fundamental resource in The most fundamental resource in modern economy is modern economy is knowledge knowledge and, and, accordingly, the most important accordingly, the most important process is process is learninglearning””

Lundvall, Bengt-Åke (1992) Lundvall, Bengt-Åke (1992) National Systems of Innovation. Towards National Systems of Innovation. Towards a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learninga Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning. Pinter, London and . Pinter, London and

New York, pp. 342New York, pp. 342

BiomedicalResearch

Education in Medicine and Public Health

Global Health Information Global Health Information Sharing: Supercourse Sharing: Supercourse

CD/DVDCD/DVD

Distributed to over 10,000 individuals around the globe and to all medical

schools through WHO

Forming a networkForming a network

ConclusionConclusion Global health is important, as similar Global health is important, as similar

conditions plague people in conditions plague people in developed and developing countries developed and developing countries alikealike

Life expectancy in the 20Life expectancy in the 20thth century century was improved due to successes in was improved due to successes in global health effortsglobal health efforts

All students need to know more All students need to know more about global health research and about global health research and form networks to share important form networks to share important global health knowledgeglobal health knowledge

Organizations working in Organizations working in the area of global healththe area of global healthWorld Health Organization, the , the

Pan American Health Organization, , the the World Bank, , UNICEF, ,

UN High Commissioner for Refugees, the , the UN Foundation, the , the

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, , CARE International, the , the

Global Health Council, and many , and many othersothers

Ali Ardaldin IranSunita Dodani US/PakistanJesse Hung ChinaRonald LaPorte USMita Lovalekar US/IndiaFaina Linkov US/UkraineNicholas Padilla MexicoKawkab Shishani JordanFrancois Sauer USEugene Shubnikov Russia

AliSoni

JesseRon

FainaMita

NicholasRania

Francois Eugene

Additional ReadingsAdditional Readings

Open Source Open Source http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec6921/index.htm

Supercourse and Disaster Management Training Supercourse and Disaster Management Training http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec21601/index.htm

Social Epidemiologic Methods in International Social Epidemiologic Methods in International Population Health and Health Services Population Health and Health Services Research Research http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec17561/index.htm

Principles of Research SynthesisPrinciples of Research Synthesishttp://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec9611/index.htm

How can I join the global How can I join the global prevention network?prevention network?

Join the Join the Supercourse Supercourse email email distribution list distribution list by emailing by emailing [email protected]@pitt.edu

Present at least 1 Present at least 1 slide on slide on prevention to prevention to your studentsyour students

How do you join this global effort?

•Visit www.pitt.edu/super1/•Send this lecture to as many people you know•Teach at least 1 slide about global health.•Contact us at [email protected] for other opportunities.