Global Disaster Global Disaster Preparedness and Preparedness and Response Response Global Disaster Global Disaster Preparedness and Preparedness and Response Response Carlos Primero D. Gundran, EMDM EMS and Disaster Management Coordinator, Philippine College of Emergency Medicine
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Global Disaster Global Disaster Preparedness and Preparedness and ResponseResponse
Global Disaster Global Disaster Preparedness and Preparedness and ResponseResponse
Carlos Primero D. Gundran, EMDMEMS and Disaster Management Coordinator,
Philippine College of Emergency Medicine
Objectives
• Define “Disaster”
• Define the aspects of
Disaster
• Define the characteristics
of a Disaster
• Define Hazards
• Enumerate the different
types of Hazard.
• Show the occurrence of
disaster on the following
setting: Global, US,
Philippines.
• Define a Mass Casualty
Incident.
• Who are involved in an
MCI?
Objectives
• Discuss the Basic assumptions and facts in an MCI.
• Differentiate MCI in an Urban setting from a Rural
setting.
• Discuss the EMS steps in an MCI
• Discuss the Organization of medical Treatment in MCI
• Discuss the survival statistics in an MCI.
• Overview of USAR in the West.
• Discuss the real issue in Disaster Preparedness and
Response.
• Discuss the Hyogo Framework of Action.
Disaster
• A serious disruption in the functioning of a community or society causing widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
The most important aspects to remember about disasters
are:
- Disasters interrupt the normal functioning of a community.
- Disasters exceed the coping mechanisms of the
community.
- External assistance is needed to return to normal
functioning of a community.
Characteristics of a Disaster
• 1. Mismatch
– Needs>capacity
• 2. Chaos
– Everybody does his
and her own thing
Hazards
• a situation that poses a level of threat to life, health
property or environment.
Increased frequency of disasters in the world today
• One disaster
everyday
somewhere in the
world.
Disasters in the US
• 23 major disasters occur every year.
• 2010, there were 81 major disaster, (1 every 4 ½ days.)
• 2010- 2 ½ times more than the annual average.
• “The term 100 year event lost its meaning this year”
– Craig Fugate- head FEMA.
US Disasters 2011
• By April 2011 more than 600 tornadoes shredded the
US, shattering the previous April record of 267.
• 312 of them came in a single 24 hour period.
• The worst of which is 20 times the usual size, tore a scar
1 mile wide and 300 miles long across Alabama and
Georgia.
• Severe flooding
deluged other parts
of the country- even
as Texas was
suffering its worst
drought since 1895.
Typhoon in the Philippines
• 1.1 From 27 typhoons during the period 2000-2003, the
number ominously increased to 39 from 2004-2007
(Table 1 ).Year
Category
TD 1/ TS 2/ TY 3/ Total
Total 43 39 66 148
2000 5 5 8 18
2001 6 7 4 17
2002 5 2 6 13
2003 8 8 9 25
2004 5 7 13 25
2005 11 1 5 17
2006 3 6 11 20
2007 0 3 10 13
Typhoon in the Philippines
• 1.2 The typhoons are getting stronger and stronger10,
especially since the late 1990s. Typhoon signal no. 4 is
of course, a fairly recent category (Figure 1).
Typhoon in the Philippines
• 1.3 Between 1947-2006, 3 of the 5 strongest tropical
cyclones in the Philippines occurred in the past decade
(Table 2).
Name Period of OccurrenceHighest Wind
Speed Recorded
Place Observed
1. REMING (Durian)November 26-December
1, 2006320 kph Virac, Catanduanes
2. SENING (Joan) October 11-15, 1970 275 kph Virac, Catanduanes
3. ROSING (Angela)October 30-November 4,
1995260 kph Virac, Catanduanes
4. ANDING (Irma) November 21-27, 1981 260 kphDaet, Camarines
Norte
5. LOLENG (Babs) October 15-24, 1998 250 kph Virac, Catanduanes
Typhoon in the Philippines
• 1.4 Total damages brought about by typhoons increased
by 408% from 2003 to 2006 (Table 3).
2006 2003
Month Typhoon
Damages
Month Typhoon
Damages
(in million PhP) (in million PhP)
May Caloy 4,312 July Harurot 3,233
Sept Milenyo 7,607 May Chedeng 538
Nov Reming 5,449 June Egay 131
Oct Paeng 1,298 July Gilas 67
Others 1,993 Others 99
20,659 4,068
Typhoon in the Philippines
• 1.5 Seven of the 20 deadliest typhoons in the Philippines
covering the period 1947-2006 occurred in 1990-2006 NAME PERIOD OF OCCURRENCE DEATHS
1. URING (Thelma)A November 2-7, 1991 5,101 (8,000+)*
2. NITANG (Ike) August 31–September 4, 1984 1,363 (3,000)*
3. TRIX October 16-23, 1952 995
4. AMY December 6-19, 1951 991
5. SISANG (Nina) November 23-27, 1987 979
6. ROSING (Angela) October 30 – November 4, 1995 936
7. UNDANG (Agnes) November 3-6, 1984 895
8. SENING (Joan) October 11-15, 1970 768
9. REMING (Durian)B November 26–December 1, 2006 754 (1,200)*
10. RUPING (Mike) November 10-14, 1990 748
11. TITANG (Kate) October 16-23, 1970 631
12. YOLING (Patsy) November 17-20, 1970 611
13. KADIANG (Flo) September 30 - October 7, 1993 576
14. KADING (Rita) October 25-27, 1978 444
15. ANDING (Irma) November 21-27, 1981 409
16. WINNIE C November 28–30, 2004 407
17. INING (Louise) November 15-20, 1964 400
18. DIDANG (Olga) May 12-17, 1976 374
19. MONANG (Lola) December 2-7, 1993 363
20. WELING (Nancy) October 11-15, 1982 309
•• 22 Typhoons every year 22 Typhoons every year •• 5 will be destructive5 will be destructive
Typhoon Typhoon SendongSendong/ “/ “WashiWashi””IliganIligan City and Cagayan De OroCity and Cagayan De OroDecember 16, 2011December 16, 201112681268–– dead dead 100,000 evacuated100,000 evacuatedP2.068 B P2.068 B -- damagedamage
July 16, 1990; Intensity 8July 16, 1990; Intensity 81,666 dead 1,666 dead –– 3,500 injured 3,500 injured P11B cost of damage in P11B cost of damage in property P1.2B in agricultureproperty P1.2B in agriculture