GL of Sri Gunakar on CD Works

7/21/2019 GL of Sri Gunakar on CD Works

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A TALE OF CANAL SEGMENT CROSSING A STREAM

UNDER TUNNEL

by

J. Gunakar

C.D.O.


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INTRODUCTIONTO

CROSS DRAINAGE WORKS

Introduction A structur carr!in" t# disc#ar" o$ a natura% stra& across an

irri"ation cana% is kno'n as a cross draina" 'ork.

Cross draina" 'orks can ( di)idd &ain%! into t# $o%%o'in"

t#r cat"oris.

*. T#os carr!in" t# irri"ation cana% o)r t# draina" 'atri..+ A,uduct-F%u&d and Undr Tunn%s.-Non/F%u&d

0. T#os carr!in" t# draina" 'atr o)r t# irri"ation cana%

i..+ Su1r 1assa"-F%u&d and cana% S!1#on-&ost%! Non/

F%u&d.

2. T#os ad&ittin" t# draina" 'atr into t# irri"ation cana%and %ttin" out t# sur1%us 'atrs on t# ot#r sid at t#

sa& 1%ac or a$tr carr!in" so& distanc a%on" t# cana%

i..+ In%ts and Out%ts-L)% Crossin"s.


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UNDER TUNNUL D3L C3L 4 5FL 6 FSL A%so ca%%d as 7S!1#on A,uduct8+ a%so as 7T!1/II

A,uduct8

W#r t# stra& (d %)% at t# crossin" is (%o' ora(o) C3L. 3ut t# 5FL o$ t# stra& is (%o' t#

cana% FSL

Dro1 on U9S

3arr% Undr :rssur Tai% c#ann% to &t t# "round %)% Outr s%o1s ar 1artia%%! r1%acd (! #ad 'a%%s on t#

(arr%s.



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AQUEDUCT C3L ;; 5FL

a%so as 7T!1/III A,uduct8 W#r t# 5FL o$ t# stra& at t# crossin" is $ar (%o' t#

C3L Cana% is $%u&d and carrid in a rctan"u%ar RCC trou"# 'it#

on or &or (a!s su11ortd on 1irs and a(ut&nts

SUPER PASSAGE D3L FSL W#r t# stra& (d %)% at t# crossin" is a(o) or


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CANAL SYPHONFSL6D3L6C3L

W#r t# stra& (d is $a%%in" in t# 'atr 1ris& o$ t# cana%

3! d1rssin" t# cana% (d to &ak #ad/'a! $or stra&.

1ron to si%tin" and c#okin" s!1#on (arr%



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Particulars required to be furnished for the Design:

R1ort acco&1an!in" t# sit sur)! a%on" 'it# 5:s o$ cana% 4

drain

Sit 1%an a%on" 'it# $%o' dirction o$ cana% 4 drain a%on" 'it# nt

%)%s

and contours

L9s o$ drain 4 cana%

C9s o$ drain on u9s+ d9s 4 = cntr o$ crossin" O(sr)d &a>i&u& $%ood disc#ar" and o(sr)d &a>. F%ood %)%

To1os#t s#o'in" t# catc#&nt ara a%on" 'it# &.$. Disc#ar". Tria% 1it 1articu%ars at sa%int %ocations on u9s d9s and = cntr u1

to #ard strata

T!1ica% Dsi"n :rocdur

o$

Undr Tunn% / T!1 II-'it# 5ad Wa%%s


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5?DRAULIC :ARTICULARS OF CANAL AT T5E CROSSING Disc#ar" -R,uird 3d Widt#

F.S.D

Sid S%o1s@Innr

Sid S%o1s@Outr Fr (oard

3d $a%% a%u o$ n

%ocit!

C.3.L F.S.L T.3.L

L$t 3ank To1 Widt#

Ri"#t 3ank To1 Widt#



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5?DROLOG? OF STREAM Catc#&nt Ara D1st 3L = Crossin" a%u o$ Bn



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DESCRIPTION

5?DRAULIC :ARTICULARS OF DRAIN@

5?DRAULIC :ARTICULARS AT K&..2 OF L.M.C.

DATE

FEB,2005 FILENO:

DRG.NO.

S:ECIFICATIONS

1:100

SCALE:-

UNDER TUNNEL

RCC BO! TYPE"


11/35

1.Compute Discharge As Per Dickens Formula (): H C > M.+ #$%&% '( C)*+$'%* )&%), C( C-%/+/%* 0%1%0/2 -

C)*+$'%* )&%) I$ & 6H 0. T#n C H *.

I$ & ; 0. And & 6H T#n C H *. I$ & ; And & 6H *0 T#n C H *. Dickns Disc#ar" H C & .

. Compute Discharge As Per !"#es Formula ():

& H Catc#&ntAra C H **.0+ CH Co$$icint d1ndin" on disc#ar"+ H C > M092 I$ R!)s Disc#ar" ; *.* T#n C H *. R!)s Disc#ar" H -C & -0 9 2



12/35

$. Compute A#erage %lope of %tream (): A)ra" s%o1 o$ stra& &a! (Ca%cu%atd

&. 'F Calculations:

Usin" S%o1 Ara Mt#od+ MFLs at di$$rnt %ocations on U9S 4

D9S sid &a! ( co&1utd

. Computation of 'F at ail Channel %ection: A$tr arri)in" at t# %ocation o$ Tai% C#ann%+ MFL at t#is sction

&a! ( assssd (! intr1o%ation.

DESIGN OF TAIL C5ANNEL

MFL = Tai% C#ann%

Innr sid S%o1 -S 3d 'idt#-3 H Widt# at D9S Transition nd

D1t# o$ $%o'-D

3d Fa%% -SH -0 > n0 9 R 92 or S H * in > :ro)id a (d $a%% o$ * in > $or t# Tai% C#ann% ti%% it &ts its

natura% stra& o$ (d %)%



13/35

Compute %i*e of +ent,a": DESIGN OF ENTWA? Ara o$ nt'a! H MFD 9 %ocit!

Nu&(r o$ nt-s

C%ar Widt# o$ ac# nt

C%ar 5i"#t T#icknss o$ To1+ 3otto& and Sid S%a(

%ocit! o$ F%o' in 3arr% :r&issi(% %ocit!



14/35

-. Design f Drop /all Unit 'i"#t o$ Matria%-' D1t# o$ $%o' o)r Dro1 'a%%-D

5i"#t o$ dro1 'a%%-5

Warin" coat t#icknss-'c op /idth Calculation:

To1 Widt# H D9 s,r-' 0ottom /idth Calculation:

0ottom ,idth (2 3 D 3 ,c)4sqr(,)



15/35

15. 64% ransition Ln"t# o$ Transition Widt# o$ Transition at ntr!

:ro)idd S1%a!

S1%a! Li&it

11. D4% ransition

/ do /



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Compute otal 7nerg" e#els (Flo, Conditions):T?:ES OF FLOW IN C5ANNELS

Most o$ t# o1n c#ann% 1ro(%&s in)o%) t# stud! o$ $%o'

T# $%o' in c#ann%s can ( c%assi$id into $o%%o'in" t!1s d1ndin" u1on t#

c#an" in t# d1t# o$ $%o' 'it# rs1ct to s1ac and ti&.

%tead" Flo, 6nstead" Flo,@F3-4 / ) +$)%35 /5 5)/0 *- b% 5*%)0y / *$% 3-4+$)&)+*%&/5*/+5 )* )y 1-/* 0- -* +$)2% 4/*$ */'%.

6niform and 8on9uniform(or +aried) Flo,@ F%o' in a c#ann% is said to (

uni$or& i$ t# d1t#+ s%o1+ cross/sction and )%ocit! r&ain constant o)r

"i)n %n"t# o$ t# c#ann%.

aminar Flo, and urbulent Flo,@

%ubcritical Flo, Critical Flo, and %upercritical Flo,@Froud nu&(r@ T# ratio o$ t# Inrtia and t# Gra)it! $orc. Fr H 9 -" D.

is anot#r di&nsion%ss 1ara&tr ca%%d Fr '#ic# is d$ind as Fr H '#r

is t# &an )%ocit! o$

I$ Fr 6 * Su(critica% or tran,ui% or stra&in"

I$ Fr H * Critica% $%o'

I$ Fr ; * Su1rcritica% or ra1id or s#ootin" or torrntia%



17/35

TEL CALCULATIONSFLOW CONDITION AT Sction * / * /; Tai% C#ann%

Co$$icint o$ Ru"osit!-n

Disc#ar"-

3d L)%

3d Widt#-3Sid S%o1-s/ 5@

MFL

F%o' D1t#-D

Ara-AH -3sDD

%ocit!-) H 9A

%. 5ad H 090"

:ri&tr-:H 30D--*s0.

5!drau%ic Man Radius -R H A9:

Sur$ac S%o1-S H -)0 > n09R92

TEL 'rt MFL H MFL %. 5ad



18/35

FLOW CONDITION AT Sction 0 / 0 /; End o$ D9S TransitionAra-AH -3sDD

%ocit!-) H 9A

%. 5ad H 090"

:ri&tr-:H 30D--*s0.

5!drau%ic Man Radius -R H A9:

Sur$ac S%o1-S H -)0 > n09R92Edd! Loss Factor-k

Edd! Loss-# H k-)00/)*090"

A)ra" S%o1-s H-s%o1 :r). Currnt S%o190

Friction Loss-#$H s > L

TEL 'rt MFL H MFL %. 5ad

TEL 'rt 1r)ious TEL H :r. TEL # #$Di$$rnc in TEL H



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FLOW CONDITION AT Sction 2 / 2 /; Start o$ D9S TransitionF/ C8D;;8 A %ection & 9 & 9< /ith ;n +ent/a" = 7>it

F/ C8D;;8 A %ection ? 9 ? 9< /ith in +ent,a" = 7ntr"

2ead oss Cal. /ith in the barrel

osses in the 0arrel is gi#en b" 6n,in@s formula

hf (1 3 f1 3 f4!)+B4g ength of 0arrel

! 2"draulic 'ean !adius

+ +elocit" in the 0arrel

f1 5.5 for bell mouth entr"

f a(13b4!) a 5.55$1 b 5.5$5? for plastered surface

F/ C8D;;8 A %ection 9 9< utside the 7ntr" of 0arrel

F/ C8D;;8 A %ection - 9 - 9< At D4% of Drop /all



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5EAD OER DRO: WALLa%u o$ C $ro& Ma%ika1ur Gra1#-Dro'nin" Ratio s C/)a%u

Ln"t# o$ Dro1 Wa%% -L

H C L 5290

5EAD OER DRO: WALL H P -(! Tria% 4 Error

FLOW CONDITION AT Sction Q / Q /; On Crst o$ Dro1 Wa%%FLOW CONDITION AT Sction / /; A11roac# C#ann%



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1$. 6% %cour DepthNor&a% Scour d1t# -R H *.2-,09$-*92

Ma>i&u& Scour D1t# H -Mu%ti1%ication Factor > R

Cuto$$ Wa%% L)% 1ro1osd

1&. D4% %cour Depth

1?. Design of Drop/all

1. Design of 2ead/all:



22/35

1-. Design of !CC %lab 6nder 7arth 0ank:Guidin" $actor $or ca%cu%ation o$ 't co&in" on to t# S%a( 5t. o$

Eart# 9 5t. o$ 5ad 'a%%

%lab Design

1. Design for computation of thickness

. Design for 'ain %teel$. Design for Dis. %teel

&. Check For %hear

1. Design of !CC %lab under Canal rough:

Guidin" $actor $or ca%cu%ation o$ 't co&in" on to t# S%a( FSD

a%%o'anc+ i$ an!

%lab Design

Design for computation of thickness

Design for 'ain %teel

Design for Dis. %teel

Check For %hear



23/35

1E. Design of Abutment 6nder Canal rough5. Design of Abutment 6nder 7arth 0ank

1. Designof D4% /ing /all at the unction ,ith 2ead /all

. Designof 64% /ing /all at the unction ,ith 2ead /all

$ Design of 64% !eturn /all&. Design of D4% !eturn /all



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AUEDUCT



25/35

AUEDUCT

GROUND LEVELIN METERS

ROCK LEVEL INMETERS

HDR LEVELINMETERS

CHAINAGE IN KM

DATUM+158.000 M



26/35

T?:ES OF AUEDUCTS@

D1ndin" on t# arran"&nt o$ cana% 1assin" o)r t# draina"+ an

a,uduct &a! ( c%assi$id into t# t#r cat"oris as "i)n (%o'

T!1/*@/ In t#is t!1 cana% continus o)r t# draina" c#ann% in itsnor&a% art#n sction inc%udin" t# (anks and art#n s%o1s

T!10@/ In t#is t!1 a%so t# cana% continus in its art#n sction o)r

t# draina" c#ann%+ (ut t# outr s%o1s o$ (anks ar r1%acd (!

rtainin" 'a%%s+ t#r(! rducin" t# %n"t# o$ draina" cu%)rt to

t#at >tnt

T!12@/ In t#is t!1 t# art#n (anks ar discontinud o)r t#

draina" c#ann% and t# cana% 'i%% ( $%u&d and 'atr is carrid

in &asonr! or concrt trou"#-su11ortd on 1ir and a(ut&nts

AUEDUCTs


27/35


28/35

DATA FOR DESIGN@Canal: Cana% 5:s

5ad Loss 1ro)ision at t# crossin". Road 'a! 1articu%ars+ i$ an!.

Drainage Channel: Natur o$ (d &atria% and )a%u o$ Mannin"s co$$icint -n

A%%o'a(% a$$%u> in )i' o$ 'atr s1rad+ u1stra& o$ t# 1ro1osd

'ork

R1ortd or o(sr)d scour d1t# $or an! nar (! structur on t#

sa& draina" c#ann% and 3arin" ca1acit! o$ t# $oundation strata.



29/35

DESIGN AS:ECTS@

a"out:o$ t# a,uduct s#ou%d ( so $i>d t#at it is 1r$ra(%! in astrai"#t rac# o$ draina" cann%. T# cana%9carrir c#ann% s#ou%d

( at ri"#t an"%s to t# draina" c#ann% as $ar as 1ossi(%.

3ankconnctionsto cana% and draina" c#ann% s#ou%d ( 1ro)idd

d1ndin" u1on t# 1ro1rtis o$ t# soi% a)ai%a(% in t# ara.

Win"'a%%s$or draina" &a! ( 1ro)idd 'it# 0@* and 2@* s1%a!s on U9Sand D9S sid t# s1%a! s#ou%d not ( $%attr t#an 2@* and @*

rs1cti)%!. Draina" 'in" 'a%%s s#ou%d ( suita(%! connctd to

#i"# "round.

Cana%transitions@ In ordr to &ini&i t# dd! %osss+ a suita(% Entr!

4 >it transitions-Strai"#t9War1d ar ncssar! on it#r sid o$trou"#. Cana% transitions s#ou%d 1r$ra(%! ( 1ro)idd 'it# 0@*

and 2@* s1%a!s U9S and D9S sid+ (ut not $%attr t#an 2@* and @*

rs1cti)%! #o')r+ it s#ou%d ( nsur t#at t# $%o' $o%%o's t#

(oundaris o$ t# transition.

AUEDUCT


30/35

Trainin"Works@ T# draina" c#ann% s#a%% ( dirctd to'ards t#

structurs (! suita(% trainin" 'orks %ik trainin" 'a%%s+ "uid(anks+ tc. T# cana% (anks add on to t# 1ir tak car o$ t# u1%i$ts

co&in" on #a%$ t# s1an on it#r sid. T# rst #a%$ s1an is takncar o$ (! t# (o%ts $i>d to t# a(ut&nt.

%uper%tructure: For t# construction o$ su1r structur o$ an a,uduct

1rstrssd concrt o$ rin$orcd c&nt concrt or &asonr! or a

co&(ination o$ t#s &a! ( usd d1ndin" u1on t# dsird cas

o$ construction and r%ati) cono&!.

%ub%tructure: A suita(% arran"&nt $or su11ortin" t# sction o$ t#

a,uduct &a! ( dcidd d1ndin" u1on t# natur o$ $oundation+

di$$rnc (t'n 5FL o$ t# drain and (d o$ cana% and #i"#t

(t'n (d o$ cana% and (otto& o$ stra&9drain and t# a$$%u>

a%%o'a(% in t# drain.



31/35

Loads and Forcsto ( considrd in dsi"nin" a,uducts ar as $o%%o's@

Dad %oad Watr %oad Li) %oad I&1act or d!na&ic $$ct o$ t# %i) %oad Lon"itudina% $orcs causd (! t# tracti) $$ort or (! (rakin" $orc o$

)#ic%s and9or t#os causd (! rstraint to $r &o)&nt o$ (arin"s

Wind %oad 5orionta% $orc du to 'atr currnts Cntri$u"a% $orcs in cas t# a,uduct and 9or t# road is cur)d in 1%an 3uo!anc! Forcs du to t&1ratur )ariation Erction %oads+

Sis&ic %oad and Watr 1rssur

Not@/ -d and - ar a11%ica(% on%! in cas a road (rid" is 1ro)idd o)r t#

a,uduct.



32/35

Dsi"n Co&(inations@Gnra%%! t# $o%%o'in" Dsi"n Co&(inationss#ou%d ( considrd@

cana% &1t! and stra&9drain at its %o' 'atr %)% nor&a%

condition 'it#out art#,uaks

cana% runnin" $u%% u1 to its FSL and stra&9drain at its %o' 'atr

%)% nor&a% condition 'it#out art#,uak cana% &1t! and stra&9drain at its 5FL 'it#out art#,uak.

Cana% runnin" $u%% u1 to FSL and stra& drain at its 5FL 'it#out

art#,uak.

Construction condition

1ir is constructd and su1rstructur is not constructd and

stra&9drain at its 5FL -dsi"n 'it#out art#,uak.

Su1rstructur is constructd on on sid o$ a 1ir and

stra&9drain at its 5FL -dsi"n 'it#out art#,uak.

Wind %oad s#ou%d not ( considrd si&u%tanous%! 'it# art#,uak.



33/35

DESIGN :ROCEDURE@ 5!drau%ic Ca%cu%ations@

* 5!drau%ic :articu%ars

0 Disc#ar" Ca%cu%ation

2 Drain S%o1 Ca%cu%ation Lac!s 3d 'idt# Ca%cu%ation

Tai% c#ann% ca%cu%ations

nt 'a! $i>ation

A$$%u> Ca%cu%ations

Q Scour D1t# Ca%cu%ation in Drian Scour D1t# Ca%cu%ation in Cana%

* F%o' Conditions

AUEDUCT


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Structura% Ca%cu%ations@** Dsi"n o$ Trou"# S%a(

*0 Dsi"n o$ Trou"# Sid 'a%%

*2 Dsi"n o$ Trou"# Midd% 'a%%

* Dsi"n o$ :ir* Dsi"n o$ A(ut&nt

* Dsi"n o$ U9S Win" 4 Rturn Wa%%

* Dsi"n o$ D9S Win" 4 Rturn Wa%%

AUEDUCT


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T5AN

T5ATs T5E END OF T5E TALE OF OUR CANAL SEGMENT

CROSSING T5AT NAUG5T? STREAM

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