GIS-based simulation of soil erosion at catchment and ...

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Marcus Schindewolf Agricolastraße 22 I 09596 Freiberg

Tel. 0 37 31/39-2679 I Fax 0 37 31/39-2502 I I www.tu-freiberg.de

GIS-based simulation of soil erosion

at catchment and regional scale

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG

Marcus Schindewolf & Jürgen Schmidt

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On-site-damages

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Foto: Käpermann 2010

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Off-site-damages – Siltation & Eutrophication

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Bautzen Reservoir

www.dresden-und-sachsen.de/.../bz_talsperre.jpg

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Erosion event in Waldheim/Saxony 9/4/2008

Processes

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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process based vs. empirical

high data demand low data demand

easy parameterization

time saving

catchment scale regional scale

complex parameterization

time consuming

Erosion models

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

USLE

MUSLE

AGNPS

WEPP

EROSION 3D

LISEM

EROSION 3D

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1. Provision of an area-wide model input data set

2. Development of a GIS-based parameterization interface

3. Simulation of soil loss and deposition with EROSION 3D

ZieleObjectives

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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EROSION 3D (v. Werner 1995, Schmidt 1996)

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

• event based

• grid oriented

• compatible with GIS

Infiltration-/

Overland flow model Erosion model

Rainfall

Infiltration

Overland flow

Detachment Transport

Deposition

Sediment yield

(Green & Ampt approach) (Momentum flux approach)

• extensivly validated

• modular structure

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Study Area

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Federal state of Saxony

location: East Germany

area: 18.500 km²

topography: 100-1200m a. s. l.

mean annual rainfall: 550-1100mm

60% of the farmlands are endangerd by erosion

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Data set – Soil texture

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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Data set – Landuse

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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Beans

Peas

Forest

Wood stripes

Meadow

Oat

Corn

Carrot

Rape

Beet

Ruderal vegetation

Sommer barley

Sommer wheat

Potatos

Winter barley

Winter rye

Winter wheat

Sealed area

Water

Data set – Crop type

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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Conservation tillage

Data set – Soil management

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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Data set – Relief

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Höhe ü. NN [m]60

1220

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Data set – Rainfall regions

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Rainfall regions

Leipziger Land

Torgauer Land

Dresdner Elbtalgebiet

Oberlausitz

Sandsteingebirge und Lausitz

Vogtland

Unteres Erzgebirge

Oberes Erzgebirge und Vogtland

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Parameterization interface

Watersheds

Soil map Land use map Field crop map Management Relief Rain

ID-Grid Parameter

table

Database PROCessor (DPROC)

EROSION

3D

Output

maps

Gridding

Database queries

Parameter

data base

Derving upstream catchments

Area

of interest

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Clipping

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Spatial distribution of soil loss

EROSION3D

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Dresden

Leipzig

Chemnitz

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Plausibility check

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Großhardtmannsdorf, Erzgebirge

Grid cell: 20*20m

Z-factor: 5

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Plausibility check

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Worst-Case-Scenario

Rainfall event: 10 y. rec. intervall

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Plausibility check

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Point of view

Direction of view

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Comparison with existing Invesigations

EROSION 3D

PESERA (Kirkby et al. 2004)

USLE(LfUG 2006)

Erosion risk

without

very low

low

medium

high

very high

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

different input data

grid cell 1*1 km

lack of process description

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Conclusion

Fast and easy parameterization in the catchment

and regional scale

Provision of reliable results for risk area detection

Quality enhancement compared to former area wide

model applications

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

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Limitations

Motivation Materials & Methods Results Outlook

Result quality is strongly related to data quality

and data availability

Special issues need complex data aquisition,

data preprocessing and special model applications

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TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERGAKADEMIE FREIBERG

Thank you for your attention!

The projects „Erosion 3D Saxony“ & „Phosphorous inputs in surface waters in Saxony“ where

founded by Saxonian State Ministry for Environment and Agriculture.