Gilded Age Urbanization “Sunshine & Shadow”. How and why did INDUSTRIALIZATION lead to URBANIZATION?

Gilded Age

Urbanization

“Sunshine

&

Shadow”

How and why did INDUSTRIALIZATION lead to URBANIZATION?

Chicago 1830

New York 1867

San Francisco 1855

Positive Aspects of Urbanization

Cities were centers of invention & transportation

Cities had more jobs

Cities

were fun

Cities were centers

of culture & education

Cities fostered cultural diversity: “ethnic enclaves”

Problems of Gilded Age CitiesMainly “Laissez Faire” City Governments

were often overwhelmed by:

Housing needsEducation needsClean Water needsGarbage & Sewage RemovalTransportation needsCrime Fire

Tenement Living Conditions

Private Effortshad some success

Ex: Jane Addams

Founder ofHull House

First USSettlement

House

Settlement House Nursery School

City Political Leaders of the Gilded Age

Had great difficultyMeeting urban challenges

Much of the problem stemmed from various

forms of corruption

EXAMPLES:Graft

Patronage

Kickbacks

Example: NYC’s “Boss Tweed”