GILDED AGE CULTURE GILDED AGE CULTURE Unit VIC Unit VIC AP United States History AP United States History
GILDED AGE CULTUREGILDED AGE CULTURE
Unit VICUnit VIC
AP United States HistoryAP United States History
Gilded Age Religion► American Christians
focused values toward consequences of industrialization and urbanization Social Gospel
► Increases Catholics, Jews
► New Christian Sects Christian Science
► Spiritual life over material Pentecostals
► Baptism in spirit; speaking in tongues
Salvation Army Jehovah’s Witnesses
► Millenialist
Temperance and Reform► Alcohol and vices blamed for
urban problems► Regulating Morality
Comstock Law (1873)
► Temperance Organizations National Prohibition Party
(1869) Women’s Christian
Temperance Union (WCTU) (1874)
► Frances E. Willard Antisaloon League (1893) Carrie Nation
► “Hatchetations”
► Reform Groups Planned parenthood Humane societies Anti-prostitution
Gilded Age Academics► Educational Reforms
Compulsory Education► Most states required 8-14 year olds
to attend schools Kindergartens Public Education
► Dramatic increase in high schools and adult education
► Comprehensive education► Led to 90% literacy rate
Colleges and Universities► Increased through federal legislation
and philanthropy► Science
Darwin and Natural Selection (Evolution) Technological Innovation
► Social Sciences Scientific method applied to behavioral
sciences Development of psychology, sociology,
political science► William James’s Principles of Psychology
Gilded Age Entertainment and Leisure► Causes
Urbanization, less working hours, advertisements
► Vaudevilles Popularized with family-friendly
subjects and material
► Saloons► Amusement Parks
Coney Island
► Circus P.T. Barnum
► Sports Spectator
► Baseball, boxing, football, basketball
Amateur► Golf, tennis
Realism and Naturalism
► Realism Objective reality Depict accurate and
true characters and settings
Absent of emotional embellishment
► Naturalism Depiction of objects
in natural settings Time and place
accuracy Brooklyn Bridge at NightEdward Willis Redfield1909
Gilded Age Art
► Ashcan School Depiction of New York
City urban life George Bellows
► James M. Whistler► Winslow Homer► Mary Cassatt
Both Members of This ClubGeorge Bellows1909
Winslow Homer’s Breezing Up
George Bellow’s New York
James Whistler’s Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1 (Whistler’s Mother) (1871)
Mary Cassat’s The Child’s Bath (1893)
Gilded Age Architecture► Victorian Influence
Henry Hobson Richardson
► Louis Sullivan “Father of
Skyscrapers” “form follows
function”► Frank Lloyd Wright
“organic architecture”
► Foursquare Homes
Richardson’s Trinity Church
Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater
Foursquare Home
Gilded Age Press and Literature► Press
Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World & William Randolph Hearst► Sensationalism and scandals
Magazines► Editorial style based on investigative journalism► Forum
► Non-Fiction Toward facts, investigations, American expansion Helen Hunt Jackson’s A Century of Dishonor (1881) Alfred Thayer Mahan’s The Influence of Sea Power on History
(1890) Josiah Strong’s Our Country
► Literature Authors focused on character development and realism over
plot Lewis Wallace
► Ben-Hur: A Tale of Christ Mark Twain
► The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn► The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today
Stephen Crane► The Red Badge of Courage
Jack London► The Call of the Wild; White Fang
Gilded Age Music► Mainstream Music
John Philip Sousa – The March King► The Washington Post► Stars and Stripes Forever► Semper Fidelis
Screamers – Circus Marches► Entry of the Gladiators► Circus Bee
► Popular Music Ragtime
► Originated from black communities combining African syncopation and classical music
► Scott Joplin Maple Leaf Rag The Entertainer
The Blues► Originated c. 1890 from Deep South
based on ballads among slaves► Lyrics mostly soulful and melancholy