GIIC 2016-Naveen Jain, Sr. Manager (Projects), Petronet LNG Limited

Technology Advancement & New AvenuesGas Infrastructure India 2016

Small Scale LNG Industry

ByNaveen Jain

Petronet LNG Limited22nd July, 2016

Petronet LNG Limited

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The Company has been set up with the objective to, develop,

construct, own and operate Liquefied Natural Gas Re-gasification

Terminals.

The PLL presently owns and operates following two LNG receiving,

storage and re-gasification terminal:

Dahej LNG Terminal of ten (10) MMTPA capacity located at Dahej, Gujarat.

Capacity of this LNG terminal is being expanded to 15 MMTPA.

Kochi LNG Terminal of capacity 5 MMTPA.

Petronet LNG Limited

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Equity Share :

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It is natural gas in liquid form.

LNG is a Cryogenic liquid with temperature in theorder of -160 C.

It contains in varying proportion the followingcompounds Methane (CH4)– It is the main component Ethane (C2H6) Propane(C3H8) Butane(C4H10) Traces of pentane and higher species Nitrogen(N2) Impurities such as sulphur, mercury etc. (in ppm).

LNG is colorless

What is LNG?

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The density of LNG is around 460 kg/m3.

The boiling point of LNG is around–160 C.

The LNG flammability limits is

Lower Flammability limit – 5%

Upper flammability limit – 15%

The Auto ignition temperature of LNG is 540 C

Energy density with repect to diesel is 60%

LNG is stored in costly cryogenic tanks

When used as fuel it emits less CO2

- 50% with respect to coal

-33% with respect to oil

What is LNG?

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Power Generation

Domestic Use

In Industry

Fuel for vehicles

Others

Use of LNG

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Use of LNG

The purpose of producing LNG is to facilitate the

transportation of Natural Gas to longer distance.

What is produced is Natural Gas & what is consumed is

Natural Gas only.

LNG Value Chain

Gas Field

Liquefaction

Storage

SSLNG

Loading

Transportation

(Loaded)

Unloading

TransferStorage

Pumping

Regasification

Vaporised

LNG to Gas

Consumers

Transport

(Ballasted)

Further Opportunities

PNG Supply to

Domestic Consumer

Further Opportunities

PNG Supply to

Domestic Consumer

Key drivers

• The key drivers for SSLNG are environmental, economic

and geopolitical.

• Benefits of LNG in terms of CO2, SOx, NOx and particulate

emissions

• Stricter regulations on the marine sector are stimulating the

use of SSLNG as bunker fuel in Europe

• Key drivers in Latin America are monetization of stranded

gas supplies and need to reach remote-located consumers

LNG/NG-Lowest Emission as compared to other fuels

Fuel/Emissions

(gm/100 Km)

CO2 CO NOx SOx Particula

te

Matter

Unburned

Hydrocarbons

Petrol 22000 634 78 8.3 1.1 85

Diesel 21000 106 108 21 12.5 21

LPG 18200 168 37 0.38 0.29 18

LNG/Natural

Gas

16275 22.2 25.8 0.15 0.29 5.6

Source: US Energy department

Fuel CO2

(Kg/MMBT

U)

1 LNG / CNG 53

2 LPG 63

3 Aviation

Gasoline

70

4 Automobile

Gasoline

71

5 Kerosene 72

6 Fuel Oil 73

7 Coal 98

Different Fuel Emissions/ 100 Kms run CO2 Emission / Energy Unit

L-CNG HUBS

CNG

Dispenser

Vapouriser

LNG Truck

LNG Storage Vessel

LNG/CNG HUB

LNG

Dispenser

Pump

Isolated

Industrial

consumer

PNG Supply

to Domestic

Consumer

A small LCNG station of 10 t/day can meet the

domestic requirement of 25,000 households.

Over Land Transportation of LNG

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LNG By Trailers

8 to 16 tons (Indian Scenario)

LNG Transportation By Rail

Over 100 Cubic meter

LNG Transportation By Iso

Containers (20 to 40 Cubic Meters

Satellite LNG Hub & LNG BY ROAD

• India has a large road network and not all areas

are connected by gas pipeline grid

• There are significant number of isolated and

scattered potential small scale consumers of gas

(Industrial & Domestic)

• PLL has started such activities since 2007

through its promoters, BPCL & IOC, and

presently supplies around 200 to 300 trucks in a

month.

• Several new customers are waiting for supply of

LNG

LNG By

Road

Satellite

Hub

Taral

Taral

LNG TRANSPORTATION IN TRUCKS

LNG HUBS IN INDIA

Containers to Supply LNG to Residential Areas / commercial

establishment

LNG TRANSPORTATION IN CONTAINERS

Small LNG carrier

Few References

Ship Name IMO No. Cargo Capacity GRT NRT Built

Norgas Innovation 9378278 10,000 10,105 3032 Jan 2010

Norgas Creation 9378280 10,000 10,105 3032 July 2010

Norgas Invention 9378292 10,000 10,105 3032 Jan 2011

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas): Natural gas cooled to–160 deg C and is in liquid state

CNG (Compressed Natural Gas):Natural gascompressed to high pressure(200 barg)and is ingaseous state

PNG (Piped Natural Gas):Natural gas compressedto low pressure(3 barg)and is in gaseous state

LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas):Hydrocarbongas(mainly Propane and Butane) in refrigerated orin pressurized condition and is in liquid state

Basic Terminology

Natural Gas as fuel in vehicles

• Natural gas is used two ways in heavy vehicles

worldwide:

• Compressed natural gas (CNG)

– Now used most frequently

– Gas is stored at 210 to 250 bar

– Fuel system volume about 6 times that of diesel fuel

• Liquefied natural gas– Natural gas is stored as a liquid at around -160 °C (-260

°F)

– Fuel system volume about twice that of diesel fuel.

Diesel vs CNG & LNG equivalence

5 to 6

5 to 6 litre

Supply for NGVs – CNG Vs LNG Route

• CNG Station every 7.5 Km

• 36 CNG Filling stations

• 300 Km pipeline

• LCNG Station every 7.5 Km

• 36 LCNG Filling stations

• 5-6 LNGTrailers

By installation of LCNG stations, pipeline infrastructure is not required for the

use of CNG in vehicles. Same LCNG station can be used to serve the near by

domestic consumer / township.

LNG Bus fueling Station

LNG Run Vehicles (LNGVs)

LNG Buses Plying In Asia

Around 40 LNG buses are running in Sanya which is a city in southern Hainan

province of China.

More than 1000 LNG buses are running in China.

In Osaka City, Japan LNG buses are running for public transport.

Thank You

www.petronetlng.com