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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 1
Chng i: tng quan v c tnh v giao din revit architecture 2011
I. Tng quan v xu hng BIM v phn mm Revit Architecture BIM l mt xu
hng thit k ang pht trin mnh m hin nay trn th gii. Trong tng lai BIM
s tr thnh giI php thit k ch o trong tt c cc lnh vc lin quan n thit
k k thut. Vy BIM l g ? BIM l vit tt ca cm t Building Information
Modeling - M hnh thng tin xy dung. Hy tng tng khi bn lm vic trong
mt d n xy dng, kh nng tn dng ti nguyn v ng b trong chui dy chuyn lm
vic ca phng php truyn thng l rt rt thp. Bn thn vic khai thc s lin
quan ca nhiu thnh phn k thut trong cng mt d n gn nh l con s 0. V d
bn l mt KTS, mt phng n kin trc hon chnh s yu cu bn s dng rt nhiu
phn mm vi cch lm truyn thng: - Thc hin bn v k thut bng Autocad -
Thc hin phi cnh bng mt phn mm th 2 nh 3DsMax, Sketchup ( ngy nay gn
nh khng ai s dng Autocad Render ) - To bng biu thng k bng Excel
Quan trng hn na l tnh lin kt gia cc thnh phn trong cng mt bn v khng
h c. V d: khi bn hon thin mt b h s bng Autocad, v mt nguyn nhn no
bn phi iu chnh mt thnh phn trong thit k ( thay i mt tin chng hn )
th bn phI sa th cng tt c cc bng v Autocad t mt bng n mt ng, mt ct v
c phi canh. Vic ny s lm bn rt tn thi gian. BIM s gii quyt cho bn tt
c cc vn trn. Chng ta s tm hiu hot ng ca mt chu trnh qun l theo kiu
BIM:
M hnh BIM
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 2
Chng ta thy rng BIM l mt chui ng b v lin tc ca nhiu cng vic trn
c s tn dng ti a ti nguyn v d liu lm vic c khai thc cng nh trao i
trn mt c s d liu thng nht. n gin ti ly li v d trn, by gi bn thc hin
mt d n kin trc bng Revit Architecture; khi hon thnh Revit
Architecture s cung cp cho bn mt h thng h s k thut t chun ( mt bng,
mt ng, mt ct, chi tit ), h thng cc bn v phi cnh 3D ni - ngoi tht
chuyn nghip. Quan trng hn khi bn cn chnh sa mt thnh phn no trong d
n th tt c cc thnh phn khc s t ng cp nht v thay i theo. Khi bn qun l
d n ca mnh trn mt c s thng nht t mt bng, mt ng, mt ct n c phi cnh.
l trong bn thn phn mm Revit Architecture, cn khi bn thc hin trong
mt chui cng vic vi nhiu ngi khc ( k s kt cu, in - nc ) th kh nng tn
dng ti nguyn l rt cao. T file kin trc m Revit Architecture ca bn to
ra, ngi k s kt cu c th s dng tnh ni lc, trin khai kt cu, ngi k s in
- nc c th thit k h thng k thut, ngi lm cng tc d ton c th bc tch v
thng k khi lng Nu k nng lm vic v ng b cao th kh nng tn dng ti nguyn
ca BIM gn nh l hon ho. II. Phn mm Revit Architecture 2011 ( RAC
2011 ) hiu r hn v phn mm Revit Architecture chng ta tm hiu nhng
thut ng cng nh cch qun l mt d n ca RAC bng s di y
Trong : - Host Elements: l nhng i tng thuc v phn th ca ngi nh, c
th hoc khng lm nhim v chu ti trng. V d: sn, ct, dm, tng, cu thang
... - Component Elements: l nhng i tng th vin gip hon thin cng trnh
nh: ca, ni tht, chi tit trang tr ... - View Elements: l nhng thnh
phn qun l vng nhn: MB, M, MC, phi cnh trc o, phi cnh c im t, bng
thng k ...
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 3
- Datum Elements: l nhng i tng c s nh: tng, trc nh v, mt phng lm
vic ... - Annotation Elements: l cc i tng s dng hon thin phn bn v k
thut nh: kch thc, k hiu, ch vit ... Ngoi ra cn mt s thut ng khc
trong RAC m chng ta cn quan tm bao gm: - Project: d n l tng hp tt c
cc thnh phn va nu trn. File d n s c nh dng ui l *.RVT - Family: l
file th vin ni chung ( ca, ni tht, k hiu ... ) c ui l *.RFA -
Template: l file chun c s lm vic n s quy nh kiu k hiu, n v ... ca d
n. File template s chia ra thnh 3 loi: project template, family
templates v annotation template. File template s c nh dng ui l
*.RTE V d dng hn trong qu trnh hc RAC ti cng mun chia s vi cc bn
cch phn cp mt i tng Model ca RAC nh sau: Category -> Family
-> Type Trong : - Catgory: l mt h v d h tng, h ca, h sn ... -
Family: l mt chi ca h i tng: v d trong h tng ta c cc chi nh tng
knh, tng gch xy, tng b tng ... - Type: l loi ca chi. V d trong chi
tng gch ta c loi 200mm, loi 300mm ...
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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chng II: LM QUEN giao din revit architecture 2011 I. Giao din
khi ng: Khi khi ng RAC 11 ln xong, cc bn click vo biu tng ch R trn
gc tri mn hnh vo biu tng New ta s c hin th nh hnh 1
Trong : - New Project: l khi to d n mi. - New Family: l khi to
th vin mi. - Conceptual Mass: l thit k khi tng. - New Title Block:
l thit k kh giy v khung tn. - New Annotation Symbol: l thit k h
thng k hiu. Bn cnh : - Tab Open: gip ta m 1 file Revit c. - Tab
Export: gip ta xut d liu sang mt phn mm khc. Phn ny ti s trnh by c
th khi chng ta i su vo gio trnh. Hnh 1
Tab Option gip ta thay i mt s thit lp v lm vic vi Revit: nh t
lnh tt ( hotkey vi ch tt c cc lnh tt Revit u gm 2 ch ci, cc bn c th
thit lp xong v export thnh 1 file *.xml s dng khi sau ny chng ta c
ci li my, vic ny lm gim thiu thi gian t lnh tt ), File location gip
ta thay i ng dn n file template, file th vin v k hiu Revit,
Reminder Interval gip thay i thi gian nhc nh lu file Revit. II.
Giao din lm vic vi Project Revit: New -> Project 1. Thanh cng c
Toolbar:
Hnh 2
Thanh cng c gm 9 thnh phn chnh - Home: cha cc cng c ch yu v dng
hnh. - Insert: gip chn nhng file bn ngoi vo d n: file cad, file
revit, file nh ... - Annotate: cha cc cng c v o c, k hiu, hatch ...
gip hon thin bn v. - Structure: dng cc i tng kt cu chu lc. -
Massing & Site: dng khi tng Massing, dng a hnh.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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- Collaborate: qun l lm vic nhm ( Workset ) - View: qun l v to
cc view nhn: 3d, mt ct, gi chi tit, to thm mt ng, to bng thng k,
trang in ... - Manage: qun l chung v vt liu, n v, ch hin th, trao i
d liu vi file revit khc, khu vc lm vic ... - Modify: cha cc lnh v
hiu chnh 2. Thanh thuc tnh Properties: cha cc thuc tnh ca mt i tng.
Khi
khng chn i tng no th thanh Properties hin th thuc tnh ca view .
Khi chon 1 i tng c th th thanh Properties th hin cc thuc tnh ca i
tng nh kch thc, vt liu, kt cu ... ( Hnh 3 )
Hnh 3
3. Thanh Project Browser: - Cha cc View nhn tham chiu: MB, M,
MC, 3D ... + Floor Plans: cc mt bng tng ( hay sn ) + Ceiling Plans:
cc mt bng trn. + Elevation l cc mt ng ng vi 4 hng -T-N-B - Legends:
cc chi tit kt cu hay component c trin khai ring. V d: trin khai ca,
mt ct ngang th hin kt cu sn ... - Schedule/Quantities: cha cc bng
thng k. - Sheet: cc trang in - Families: cc th vin dng trong d n. -
Groups: cc nhm Model - Revit Links: cc lin kt vi file Revit
khc.
Hnh 4
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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4. Thanh tnh trng - Status Bar:
Hnh 5
Hin th trng thi lnh, bn cnh l mt s la chn trong Design Option
cng nh Workset. 5. Thanh iu chnh hin th v Render: nm pha di bn phi
mn hnh, cha cc cng c v mc hin th, ct vng nhn, hp thoi Render
Setting, bng , t l bn v...( Hnh 6)
Hnh 6
BI THC HNH S 1 LM QUEN VI GIAO DIN I. Thc hin cc lnh Model Dng
hnh Cc bn thn mn ! Trong phn ny ti s trnh by vi cc bn nhng lnh dng
hnh v hiu chnh c bn nht trong Revit cp n gin nht. Mc kh s c nng cao
dn v hon thin trong 2 bi tp thc hnh ti s trnh by vi cc bn trong phn
tip theo. n gin, ti s trnh by vi cc bn cc lnh theo ng trnh t chng
ta thc hin mt cng trnh chng ta d hnh dung. V th trnh t cc lnh c th
c i cht thay i. 1. Qun l view nhn: trong bt c phn mm no, vic qun l
v chuyn i qua li gia cc view nhn cng u l iu kin tin quyt cc bn c th
thc hnh d dng v th ti s trnh by phn qun l view nhn trc. By gi cc bn
lm theo trnh t sau: Bc 1: Cc bn ang trong MB, hy click biu tng ngi
nh gc trn bn tri mn hnh chuyn sang view 3d trc o.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 7
Bc 2: d dng thy tc dng ca qun l 3D cc bn cng ti b vo mt i tng
Model bt k ( cha cn quan tm cch qun l v thay i i tng ny ): Home
-> x Component -> Place a Component
Sau click chut vo v tr bt k trn mn hnh t i tng vo ( mc nh l 1 ci
bn ) sau nhn phm ESC 2 ln thot lnh ( Tt c cc lnh revit u c thot
theo cch ny )
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 8
Cc thao tc trn view 3D: - Zoom: ln chut gia. - Xoay view nhn: gi
nt Shift + Chut gia. Th thut: qut chn i tng ri xoay khi view nhn s
c xoay quanh i tng c chn. - Khi vng i tng b mt khi vng nhn, click
chut phi ln mn hnh v chn Zoom To Fit cn vng nhn v i tng. - Bt cc ch
hin th: cc bn click vo biu tng hnh hp phi di mn hnh -> x ra cc
ch hin th
+ Wireframe: nhn xuyn - hin th dng khung li
+ Hidden line: che nt khut.
+ Shaded: nhn ch hin th mu nhng khng c ng vin.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 9
+ Shaded with Edges: nhn ch mu c ng vin.
+ Consistent Colors: nhn mu c vin nhng khng c tc ng sng ti.
+ Realistic: xem trc vt liu Render.
Bc 3: chuyn view nhn sang cc view tham chiu khc. By gi cc bn ang
trong view 3D, mun chuyn sang mt view khc: mt bng, mt ng ... trong
Project Browser cc bn click p vo view mnh mun chuyn ti. Cc hnh di y
ti chuyn ln lt sang cc view mt bng tng 1( Floor Plan - Level 1 ),
mt ng hng Nam ( Elevation - South )
Mt bng v mt ng hng Nam
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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Ok ! Vy l cc bn bit cch chuyn i gia cc view nhn trong Revit. *
Th thut: khi revit ln lt m cc view nhn, view sau s ln view trc. Cc
view trc b n i ( Hidden Window ) v lm nng thao tc. Cc bn click vo
biu tng du cho trn Ribbon trn cng ng i cc view n v ch li view ang
hin th.
2. To trc nh v: trc nh v l thnh phn u tin cn c m chng ta u phi
dng to mt d n mi. Ch : v trc nh v theo c 2 hng, cc bn phi chuyn ca
s lm vic ca mnh v view nhn mt bng. Vo Home -> Grid ( lnh tt GR )
Bc tip theo l kch chut tri v im u ko n v tr im cui v kch mt ln na.
C 2 cch thc hin cc trc nh v song song: - Cch 1: v bnh thng, sau khi
cc bn v xong trc s 1 cc bn ln lt v cc trc tip theo ti cc v tr mnh
mun. Ch : khi chut vo v trc 2, Revit s bo cho bn bit khong cch n
trc 1, cc bn nhp khong cch mnh cn v vo -> Enter, Revit s kha 1 u
trc theo khong cch ny. Cc trc tip theo tng t.
- Cch 2: dng lnh Pick Line. Trc khi dng lnh Pick Line v trc ti
xin gii thch i cht v lnh ny. Ti v d bn c 1 ng thng v sn v bn mun ng
thnh trc nh v th bn thc hin lnh ny. Nu mc offset cc bn bng 0 th trc
nh v to ra s ln ng line. Nu mc offset cc bn nhp mt s c th, v d 2000
th trc nh v to ra s nm cch ng thng ban u 2000.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 11
Vy trong trng hp ny, pick line ch c th s dng c khi ta v trc u
tin. Ti s v trc th 2 cch trc 1 mt khong 5m bng thao tc sau: c trc
1, vo Home -> Grid -> chn pick line v nhp khong cch offset nh
hnh.
Cc bn chut ln trc 1, s xut hin 1 ng nt t th hin v tr trc 2 cc bn
click chut tri. Cc bn c th pick lin tip vo cc trc tip theo to thnh
1 h trc c khong cch u nhau nh ti thc hin trn hnh.
---------------------->
Cc bn n ESC 2 ln ri thc hin li lnh Grid v h trc ngang. Cc v 1
trc ngang, trc ny s nh s 5, click vo trc s 5 ri click tip vo s 5 v
i tn thnh A.
Cc bn thc hin cc trc B, C, D, ... tip theo nh chng ta to trc 2,
3, 4 ... trn.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 12
Khi hon thin cc bn s c mt h trc nh v nh hnh sau
Vi cch v ny, phn u v phn chn ca cc trc nh v s b kha vo nhau. Chn
mt trc nh v, click gi chut tri v ko 1 u i, cc trc khc s i theo.
Nu mun 1 u trc di chuyn c lp khi h kha, bn chn trc v click vo
biu tng hnh kha sau lp li thao tc trn.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 13
Chn mt trc nh v, cc bn ch gn u c nh s c 1 biu tng ging nh biu
tng ct lng, click vo y k hiu trc s b di sang 1 bn, cc bn c th click
chut vo du trn nh pha di di chuyn k hiu ny. Vic ny s hu ch khi cc
bn v 2 trc nh v qu st nhau v b dnh vo nhau. 2. To v hiu chnh tng
Khi to mt file Revit mi, mc nh s c 2 tng l Level 1 v Level 2. u tin
chng ta s i i tn v cao cc tng ny. Cc bn chuyn sang view nhn mt ng
bng cch click p vo 1 trong 4 view North, South, East, West trong
Elevations. y ti chn hng Nam ( South ). Cc k hiu ca Grid nm khng ng
v tr. Cc bn lm nh sau: chn 1 grid -> Chon nt Edit Type trn Tab
Properties -> X mc Non-Plan View Symbols xung v chon Bottom (
ngha l k hiu di, both c ngha l c trn v di ).
Ok ! By gi hin th n, chng ta s i vo hiu chnh tn v cao ca cc tng.
Cc bn qut chn mt tng sau : - Click vo phn tn i tn -> Enter -
Click vo phn cao i cao.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 14
Ti t cc thng s tng nh hnh.
By gi ti mun v thm 1 tng na gi l Mi cao 6300, ti thc hin lnh v
tng nh sau: vo Home -> Level ( Lnh tt LL ).
Cc thao tc v tng ging ht nh thao tc v trc nh v Grid m ti nu vi
cc bn trn. N cng c 2 cch v: hoc v th cng hoc l dng lnh Pick Line.
Sau khi v xong, cc bn i tn tng thnh Mi v i cao thnh 6300. Kt qu nh
hnh di.
Sau khi to xong cc tng, cc bn ch trn thanh Project Browser by gi
s c cc MB SN NH, MB NH TNG, MB MI v 3 mt bng trn tng ng.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 15
*Ch : trong phn tip theo cc bn s c hc cc lnh hiu chnh trong c
lnh sao chp ( Copy ). Cc bn lu cho mt iu: tng nh nu copy s khng hin
th trong Project Browser, ch c nhng tng c v mi mi hin th trong
ny.
3. V ct Column: Cc bn chuyn view nhn ca mnh v Sn Nh, chng ta s i
v ct cho ngI nh. Vo Home -> X Column -> Structural Column
Ct mc nh l ct thp hnh ch I, chng ta s b ct ny vo trc. C 2 kiu b
ct vo: - Kiu 1: b th cng, cc bn click chut vo v tr cn t ct, kt thc
lnh bng cch nhn phm ESC 2 ln.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 16
Cc bn ln lt t vo tt c cc v tr nh hnh v, sau khi t xong cc bn
chuyn sang view 3D cc bn s c h thng ct hin th nh hnh.
- Cch 2: s dng cch 2, cc bn tm thi xa tt c ct t vo trong cch 1.
C th xa tong cy, hoc qut chn nhiu ct, hoc s dng lnh Select All
Instances ( SA ) nh sau: Chn mt cy ct -> click chut phI ->
Select All Instances -> In Entire Project ( Hoc chn mt cy ct ri
n SA ) sau n phm Delete xa tt c ct i. * Ch : lnh Select All
Instances c th s dng c cho tt c cc i tng trong Revit. By gi chuyn
sang view Sn Nh, chng ta tin hnh b ct theo cch th 2: cc bn vo Home
-> Column -> Structural Column, cc bn khng t ct vi m tm n Lnh
All Grid nh hnh v
Chng ta qut chn ton b trc nh v t gc di bn phI ln gc trn bn trI,
cc bn s they ct c t vo tt c cc v tr giao nhau gia 2 trc nh v, xong
cc bn Click Finish, chng ta c kt qu nh cch 1. S dng ct ch nht: Vit
Nam, ct tit din hnh ch nht l loi ct c s dng ph bin hn. Chng ta s s
dng loi ct ch nht cho bi ny. Vy cc bn lp li vic xa tt c cc ct nh bc
thc hin trn ri chuyn vo view sn nh tr li. Chng ta li vo Home ->
Column -> Structural Column, cc bn click Edit Type -> trong
mc Family chn Load -> Chn n th mc cha cy ct ch nht thng thng l .
Intmet/ Structural/ Columns/Concrete ( nu bn mun s dng ct B tng
CT)/ M_Concrete-Rectangular-Column. Cc bc tin hnh nh hnh v:
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 17
By gi cc bn Load xong c ct ch nht, trong Tab Type Properties s
cho bn 2 Parameter ( tham bin ) chnh tit din ct l b v h, cc bn chnh
b = 200 v h = 200. Xong chn Ok
Cc bc t ct ny vo ging nh t ct thp hnh ch I, sau khi t xong cc bn
s c kt qu nh hnh v.
Nh vy l cc bn bit cch t ct vo d n, by gi tI s gii thch vi cc bn
mt s tham bin ( Parameter )s dng thay i tnh cht v kch thc ct.
Trong Revit, phn ln tnh cht ca i tng u c qun l trong Tab
Properties, ct cng vy. Bn chn mt cy ct, chng ta s tm hiu cc thng s
c bn nm trong Tab Properties ca cy ct ny.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 18
- Base Level: hiu nm na l v tr chn ct, nh cc bn they trong hnh,
v tr chn ct hin ti ca chng ta l tng Sn Nh - Base Offset: thng s ny
qui nh chn ct s nhc ln hay m xung bao nhiu so vi v tr hin ti. Thng
s + cho ta khong Offset ln trn v - cho ta khong Offset i xung di. V
d: trong hnh ti cho cc bn 2 cy ct ln lt l 1 v 2 vi cc thng s Base
Offset ca 2 ct ln lt l 500 v -500
- Top Level: l v tr nh ct - Top Offset: hiu nh Base Offset -
Column Style: qui nh kiu ct thng ng ( Vertical ) hay ct xin (
Slanted ). - Column Material: qui nh vt liu cho ct, phn ny chng ta
s tm hiu k hn trong mc vt liu v Render.
4. V tng: Wall By gi chng ta tin hnh v tng cho bi tp ny. Bn vo
Home -> Wall ( lnh tt WA ch tt b g ting Vit i khi s dng lnh tt
ny ). Khc vi cch trnh by v ct mt xu, ti s trnh by cc thng s hiu
chnh tng trc khi chng ta v tng vo cng trnh. Cc bn chn lnh v tng, by
gi chng ta xem xt cc thng s trong bng Properties mt cht: - Chn kiu
tng: Dng u tin trong thanh Properties l kiu tng, click vo du mi tn
xung bn cnh cc bn s they Revit mc nh c kh nhiu kiu tng hiu chnh sn.
Cc kiu ny t ding, chng ta thng thng s dng cc kiu tng theo hiu chnh
ca ring mnh, cc bn s tm hiu trong cc phn tip theo. Ti vn kiu tng s
dng l mc nh Generic 200mm.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 19
- Location Line: qui nh tng c v t u vi cc qui nh hiu nm na th
ny: + Exterior: Tng c v t mp ngoi + Interior: Tng c v t mp trong. +
Center : V tng t tim. - Base Contraint: V tr chn tng. - Base
Offset: l khong nhc ln hay m xung ca chn tng so vi Base Contraint.
- Top constraint: c 2 la chn: + Mt: Unconected: nh tng c qui nh bi
mt chiu cao do ngi d dng t thit lp: trong hnh trn cc bn they tng ca
chng ta cao 8000mm. + Hai: ging nh ct, chng ta c quyn gn nh tng vo
mt tng ( Level ) dung trc, cc bn click vo ch Unconected v x xung cc
bn s they Revit xut cc tng gn phn nh tng vo * Ch : Top Contraint
phi cao hn Base Contraint nu khng Revit s bo li.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 20
Chng ta chn Top Contraint l nh tng. - Top Offset hiu nh Base
Offset. Sau khi thit lp xong tng vi cc thng s trn, cc bn tip hnh v
tng. Tng c v bng cch click chut tri xc nh v tr u tin, th chut v di
chuyn n v tr kt thc click chut tri ln na xc nh im kt thc. Cc bn v
cho ti ton b tng ca cng trnh nh hnh v bn di.
V y l kt qu 3D:
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 21
5. V sn: Floor Chuyn view nhn v MB sn, vo Home -> Floor. Sn c
dng bng cch v ng bao ( Boundary ). Khi thc hin lnh v sn, Revit s yu
cu bn Sketch Boundary. Lu : boundary phi l hnh kn lien tc, khng b
trng nhau, khng b d. Ti s v mt boundary nh hnh bn di.
Click finish cc bn s to c mt ci sn nh th ny:
Click chn sn, ti s gii thch vi cc bn mt s thuc tnh c bn ca 1 ci
sn trc.
- Level: th hin tng m mt sn c gn vo ( mt trn ) - Height Offset:
th hin dch chuyn ln xung ca sn so vi tng m mt sn c gn vo thong s
Level. Ch : s (+) cho ta sn dch ln, s (-) cho ta sn dch xung.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 22
6. V trn: Ceiling V c bn, trn c v nh sn, nhng thay v view nhn l
Floor Plan cc bn chn view nhn l Ceiling Plan. Cc banj vo Ceiling
Plan: Sn Nh. Chn Home -> Ceiling Revit s xut 2 la chn: -
Automatic Ceiling: Revit s t ng v trn vo vng c chn ( Bng cch Click
chut ) vi iu kin vng phi c bao kn bng tng. - Sketch Ceiling: v ng
bao th cng, nguyn tt v v cch thc hin nh v sn. y ti chn Sketch
Ceiling, sau v ng bao xong Click Finish, trnh t v kt qu nh hnh
di.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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Cc bn chn trn va v, trong tab Properties cc bn ch cc thong s
sau:
- Level: th hin trn ny ca tng no - Height Offset From Level: th
hin chiu cao t mt sn n mt di ca trn Trong bi ny cc bn nhp li cao
trn l 3600.
7. V mi: Roof. Cc bn chuyn view nhn sang tng nh Tng. Vo Home
-> Roof -> C 2 hnh thc v mi Revit trong Project ( Khng k ng
dng Massing ) Th nht: Roof By Footprint: v mi bng cch v ng bao ca
mi. Hnh thc ny s c s dng trong bi ny. V c bn, cch v mi cng tng t nh
v sn, tuy nhin by gi mi cnh mi s xc nh mt dc, cc cnh mi s dc vo bn
trong to ra cc din mi, cc din mi giao nhau v to thnh mi. Ti s v mi
nh hnh di.
Khi ti Finish s c kt qu nh di.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 24
By gi ti s thay i dc ca mi nh sau, cc bn chn mi -> Edit
Footprint nh hnh di.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 25
Vo li MB nh Tng, cc bn qut chn 2 cnh nh v b chn mc Define Slope
nh hnh v
Khi bn b chn mc Define Slope trn mt cnh mi, cnh s khng c dc. Nh
th chng ta ch cn 2 cnh di c dc, cnh trc dc v sau v cnh sau dc v trc
gp nhau to ra mt mi 2 dc. Mun thay i dc 1 cnh mi, chng ta chn cnh v
click vo s dc ri nhp s khc xong Enter. y ti vn gi dc mc nh l 30
.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 26
Mi ca chng ta hi dy, ti s i sang dng mng hn. ( Chng ta s tm hiu
cch thay i dy ca cc lp kt cu mi trong phn tip theo ). Ti chn mi,
trong mc Properties ti x xung ging nh khi i loi tng, ti chn loi mi
mi l Generic 125mm. Chng ta s c mi mng nh hnh bn di.
Chng ta thy phn tng ca chng ta b ht so vi mi. Chng ta s dng n mt
lnh nh phn nh tng ln mt di ca mi. u tin qut chn ton b cc i tng
Model, sau n Filter B lc ra. Cc bn lm theo ng 4 bc sau:
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 27
Xong Click Ok, Revit s chon tt c tng. Cc bn chn Attach -> Top
v chn mi nh hnh di
Chng ta c kt qu:
Chng ta thy phn ct vn cn ht ging nh tng lc ny. Cc bn c th thc
hin Ct Attach ln mi ging ht thao tc vi tng. Tuy nhin y ti gii thiu
them mt cch chn cc i tng cng loi ( Type ) nh sau, thay v phi dng
cng c filter. Cc bn chn mt cy ct -> Click phi -> Select All
Instance -> In Entire Project ( c ngha l tt c cc cy ct cng tn
trong cng trnh, nu chn Visible In View c ngha l tt c cc cy ct cng
tn nm trong vng nhn ) Thao tc nh hnh di
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 28
Cc bn cng c th thay trnh t thao tc bng cch chn mt cy ct ri g phm
tt SA. Cc bn chn Attach Top v click vo mi nh i vi tng. Chng ta c kt
qu nh sau:
*Ghi ch: cc bn va tm hiu lnh Attach, vy cc i tng no c th Attach
vi nhau. - Th nht: tng v mi nh cc bn va lm. - Th hai: tng v sn, khi
mt tng nm di mt ci sn, chng ta c th Attach tng ln sn
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 29
Hnh trn l 1 bc tng trc khi Attach, Attach Top ln sn trn v
Attatch Base lun c xung sn di. - Th ba: tng Attach ln tng trn
Mt bc tng trc v sau khi Attach ln mt bc tng trn. - Th t: tng
Attach ln mt Reference Plane: Reference Plane l mt mt phng lm vic
trong Revit, cc bn s tm hiu n vo cc phn tip theo.
Mt bc tng trc v sau khi Attach ln mt Reference Plane.
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Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 30
* Bn cnh , ct cng c tnh cht nh tng. Cc bn cng c th Attach ct vo
sn v mi. 8. Thm ca i: Door ( DR ) By gi chng ta b ca vo cng
trnh.Chuyn view nhn v mt bng sn, cc bn vo Home -> Door, mc nh
Revit s xut mt ca 1 cnh, chng ta c th Load kiu ca khc vo nh sau:
trong Properties chn Edit Type -> Mc Family chn Load -> Chn n
th mc Doors trong th vin mc nh hoc th vin ngoi cc bn download v my
ca mnh.
Cc bn t vo cho ti vi cnh ca nh hnh di
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Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 31
Khi chn ln mt cnh ca cc bn s thy Revit cho php chng ta lt ca qua
tri/phi hay ra ngoi/vo trong bng cc k hiu mi tn. Khi bn click ln k
hiu mi tn, ca s c lt i. Hiu chnh ca, cc bn chn ca v chn Edit Type
tm n cc thng s hiu chnh. Bng Type Properties hin ln
- Mc Material And Finish qui nh vt liu ca. - Mc Dimensions: qui
nh cc thng s kch thc. + Thickness: l dy ca + Height: l cao khng k
khung ngoi + Trim l khung ngoi: nh th Trim Width l dy ca khung
ngoi, Trim Project Ext/Int l nh ra ca khung ngoi so vi mt tng ngoi
v trong nh. + Width: l rng ca. + y c them thng s Mutin: chnh l rng
cc ( np ) bn trong ca. *Th thut: y l ca do ngi M to ra nn cc thng s
Parameter t theo ting Anh ( US ), nu l ca mt nc no khc trn
th gii th cc Parameter s i tn, nh vy lm sao chng ta bit mt
Parameter c ngha g ? Th thut y l khi lm vic vi Tab Type Properties
cc bn bt ch Preview ln v chn cho mnh mt View thch hp, khi mi khi bn
chn mt Parameter th trong bng Preview s t ng hin ln cho bn bit
Parameter bn chn ang ch kch thc no. Nh hnh di khi ti chn Parameter
Mutin th trong View ti ch Exterior s thy xut hin cc ng mu xanh th
hin Mutin l khong cch no. Chng ta i cc thng s ca nh hnh bn di -
Thickness: 40 - Height: 2450 - Mutin: 25 - Trim Projection Ext/Int:
25 - Trim Width: 50 - Width: 1800
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 32
9. Ca s: Window ( WN ) Cc thao tc i vi ca s ging ht nh vi ca i,
cc bn vo Home -> Window -> Edit Type -> Load chn cho ti ca
c tn M_Casement Dbl with Trim v thay i kch thc nh hnh di.
y ti gii thch them thut ng Sill. Sill l phn bu ca, Sill Height l
khong cch t mt sn n bu ca, thng s thng thng m ngi Vit chng ta thng
dng l 900.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 33
Cc bn b thm ca vo mt bng nh hnh di. ( Ch y ti c b them vo cng
trnh mt ci ca i mt cnh, thao tc th no cc bn xem phn ca i )
V y l kt qu 3D ca chng ta.
10. Thm ni tht: Components By gi chng ta b thm ni tht vo cng
trnh ca chng ta. Chuyn view nhn v mt bng sn, cc bn vo Home ->
chn Component.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 34
Mc nh l mt ci bn, cc bn c th load th vin khc bng cch chn nt Load
Family trn Ribbon.
Cc bn chn n th mc th vin ni tht sn c ca Revit l Furnitures hoc
th vin ring ca cc bn. Ti s b vo mt ci bn c tn M_Table_Dinning sau
nhn phm Esc 2 ln thot lnh. Ti thc hin lnh Component thm mt ln na b
vo mt ci gh c tn M_Chair_Stacking. Kt qu nh hnh di.
Chng ta s thay i v tr/ xoay/ copy mc tip theo, by gi cc bn c tm
lm n y. Vo 3D view, by gi ni tht ca cc bn ang b che bi tng. n mt i
tng trong Revit cc bn c th lm theo 2 cch sau: - Cch 1: chn i tng
-> Click phi chn Hide In View s c 3 la chn nhng cc bn ch cn 2 la
chn: + Hide In View -> Element: ch c i tng c chn b n i + Hide In
View -> Category: tt c h i tng u b n, c ngha nu ti lm la chn ny
i vi mt ci tng th khng ch c ring ci tng b n i m ton b tng trong cng
trnh u s b n i. Bn chn cho ti bc tng pha trc v chn Hide In View
-> Elements. Cc bn s thy bc tng b n i v chng ta thy c ni tht bn
trong. Cc bn n lun cho ti 2 cnh ca i pha trc.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 35
V y l kt qu
Mun hin li cc i tng n bng phng php ny cc bn lm nh sau: u tin tm
n biu tng hnh ci n pha di v bt n ln, mn hnh ca bn s xut hin ng mu
.
By gi trong View ny, nhng i tng no b n s xut hin mu , cc bn ch
cn chn i tng Click chut phi chn Unhide In View -> Elements hay
Categories l do lc u cc bn Hide theo kiu
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 36
Elements hay Categories. Cc bn cng c th qut ton b cng trnh ri
chn Unhide cng c. Xong cc bn tt n i l ton b cc i tng b n s hin li.
- Cch 2: chn mt i tng ri tm n biu tng hnh i knh bn di ( cng hng vi
biu tng ci n ) x ra cc bn s c nh sau:
* Isolate Category l li h i tng c chn v n tt c cc i tng khc *
Hide Category l n tt c h ca i tng c chn * Isolate Element l ch li
mt mnh i tng c chn v n tt c cc i tng khc * Hide Element l n i tng c
chn. Vi phng php ny khi cn hin li tt c cc i tng n ch cn Click vo
biu tng i knh ny v chn Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate. y l mt cch hiu
qu hn khi dng hnh so vi cch 1. Cc bn va i xong phn lm vic vi giao
din Revit Architecture, y l phn s cp, ti ch gii thiu n phn dng hnh
c bn cc bn c th nm r c giao din lm vic ca Revit. phn ny, ti khng t
nng cc vn v hiu chnh, vt liu cng nh Render. Cc tnh nng nng cao s c
gii thiu trong cc phn tip theo ca gio trnh. II. Cc lnh v hiu chnh (
Modify ) trong Revit Architecture 1. Lnh Align: Tc dng: canh mt ng
( im, mt ) ca i tng c chn v mt ng ( mt ) khc. Phm tt: AL Thao tc: g
AL chn ng, mt ch -> chn im, ng hoc mt ca i tng cn align Lu : lnh
Align c th thc hin trong mi trng 3D 2. Lnh Move: Tc dng: di chuyn i
tng c chn Phm tt: MV Thao tc: chn i tng cn Move, g MV di chuyn chut
n v tr mi ( hoc va di chuyn va nhp khong cch cn di chuyn ) xong
click tri t v tr mi
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 37
Lu : Khi Move, nu mt i tng b rang buc vo mt i tng khc th hng
Move s b gii hn, nu mun Move theo phng b kha, khi thc hin lnh Move
cc bn phi b chn Contraint v Tick vo mc Disjoin trn thanh Ribbon. 3.
Lnh Copy Tc dng: sao chp mt i tng thnh nhiu i tng Phm tt: CO Thao
tc: chn i tng cn sao chp, g CO sau di chuyn i tng c sao chp ra n v
tr mi hoc nhp s nh khong cch cho i tng mi ( ging lnh Move ). Lu : -
Cng nh lnh Move, nu i tng ngun b Contraint th khi Copy mun hng di
chuyn cc i mi khng b kha cc bn b chn mc Contraint v chn Disjoin. -
Mun sao chp thnh nhiu i tng lien tip cc bn tick vo mc Multiple trn
Ribbon. 4. Lnh Offset: ( Ch c tc dng vi cc i tng dng ng: Boundary
line, Profile line, Path, Wall ) Tc dng: to ra mt i tng mi bng cch
ly song song hoc trng ln i tng c. Phm tt: OF Thao tc: g OF, sau
chng ta c 2 la chn: - Graphical: chn i tng cn Offset, Click chut ko
nh v i tng c to ra ( Ging lnh Copy ) - Numerical: nhp khong cch
Offset trong mc Offset, sau click chut ln i tng ban u ( ch hng
Offset, chng ta c th chut sang 2 bn i tng ban u cc bn s thy ng mu
xanh nt t nh v tr i tng mi ). 5. Lnh Mirror Pick Axis Tc dng: ly i
xng mt i tng bng cch ch vo mt trc i xng c sn Trc i xng c th l mt
ng, trc nh v ( grid ), mt cnh tng, mt cnh ca mt i tng Phm tt: MM
Thao tc: chn i tng cn ly i xng, g MM sau Click vo trc i xng c. Lu :
khi ly i xng, nu mun xa i tng ban u th b chn mc Copy trn Ribbon. 6.
Lnh Mirror Draw Axis Tc dng: ly i xng bng cch v ra mt trc i xng.
Phm tt: DM Thao tc: chn i tng cn ly i xng, sau Click chut tri v ra
mt trc i xng.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 38
Lu : khi ly i xng, nu mun xa i tng ban u th b chn mc Copy trn
Ribbon. 7. Lnh Rotate Tc dng: xoay i tng Phm tt: RO Thao tc: chn i
tng cn xoay, g RO, c th di chuyn tm xoay n v tr mi nu cn, sau Click
chut xoay hoc nhp gc xoay. Lu : nu mun gi nguyn i tng ban u li th
chn Copy trn Ribbon khi thc hin lnh xoay.
Thao tc thc hin lnh Rotate 8. Lnh Trim/Extend To Corner: lnh ny
cng ch c tc dng vi cc i tng dng ng nh Wall ( Tng ), Line, Boundary
Line, Profile Line, Beam ( Dm ) Tc dng: ko di hoc xn 2 on thng ng
phng khng giao nhau v mt gc.
Phm tt: TR Thao tc: g TR chn ng thng th nht, chn ng thng th hai.
Lu : khi thc hin lnh Trim, cc bn phi c bit lu n v tr Click chut vo
cc ng cn Trim. Nu ly ng thng kia lm chun th c th xem ng thng ny c
chia thnh 2 min, min no bn click chut vo th min c gi li.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 39
Nh v d ti nu trn phn tc dng, cc bn thy v tr cc con chut c ti
Click, min bn tri v di c ti click th 2 min ny c gi li phn kt qu. 9.
Lnh Trim/ Extend Single Element: lnh ny cng ch c tc dng vi cc i tng
dng ng nh Wall ( Tng ), Line, Boundary Line, Profile Line, Beam (
Dm ) Tc dng: ging nh lnh Trim/Extend To Corner tuy nhin i tng c cc
bn chn trc s c gi nguyn khng thay i, ch c i tng chn sau s b Trim
hoc Extend. Phm tt: khng c ( cc bn c th t t ) Thao tc: Click chn
Trim/Extend Single Element, Click chn i tng 1, Click chn i tng 2
khi i tng 2 s b Trim hoc Extend bi i tng 1.
10. Lnh Trim/Extend Multiple Elements: : lnh ny cng ch c tc dng
vi cc i tng dng ng nh Wall ( Tng ), Line, Boundary Line, Profile
Line, Beam ( Dm ) Tc dng: ging lnh Trim/ Extend Single Element nhng
by gi bn c th thc hin lien tip vi cc i th tng th 3,4 n Phm tt: khng
c ( cc bn c th t t ) Thao tc: Click chn Trim/Extend Multiple
Elements, Click chn i tng 1, Click chn i tng 2, 3, 4 n khi i tng 2,
3, 4 n s b Trim hoc Extend bi i tng 1.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 40
11. Lnh Split: lnh ny cng ch c tc dng vi cc i tng dng ng nh Wall
( Tng ), Line, Boundary Line, Profile Line Tc dng: chia ct mt i tng
thnh 2 i tng mi. Phm tt: SL Thao tc: g SL sau Click chut vu vng gia
i tng cn chia ct. Lu : lnh Split khi chia ct tng khng ch chia ct
theo phng ng m cn c th thc hin theo c phng ngang. 12. Lnh Array Tc
dng: Copy 1 i tng thnh nhiu i tng lin tip theo mt phng xc nh vi mt
khong cch nh nhau Linear Array Copy 1 i tng thnh nhiu i tng lin tip
ri sp xp trn mt ng trn vi mt gc m nh nhau Radial Array Phm tt: AR
Thao tc Linear Array: chn i tng cn Array, g AR chn ch Linear ( hoc
mc nh v Linear l ch mc nh ) - Number: s lng cn Array ( c tnh i tng
ban u ) - Move to 2nd: xc nh khong cch 2 i tng lin tip. - Move to
last: xc nh khong cch t i tng u n i tng cui, cc i tng gia t canh u
nhau. - Click chut ko n i tng th 2 ( nu chn 2nd ) hoc i tng cui (
nu chn last ) - Group And Associate: to nhm cc i tng Array v gi
nguyn s Array c th thay i khi cn. V d bn di l ti thc hin Linear
Array vi Number = 5, ch 2nd vi khong cch 4m.
Radial Array: chn i tng cn Array, g AR i sang ch Radial Array. -
Cc thng s Number, Move To 2nd v Move To Last hiu nh Linear Array -
Di chuyn tm Array ( ging nh thc hin lnh Rotate ) - Angle: l gc
Array l gc gia 2 i tng lin tip so vi tm nu chn ch 2nd v l gc n i
tng cui cng nu chn ch Last. Lu : khi mun Array trn mt ng trn khp
kn, cc bn chn ch Last v gc Array l 360.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 41
V d ti thc hin Array ci bn thnh 5 i tng v sp xp trn mt ng trn nh
hnh bn di. Chn ci bn -> G AR -> i sang ch Radial -> Di
chuyn tm Array n v tr mi -> Chn ch Last -> Nhp 360 trong
Angle sau Enter.
12. Lnh Resize: : lnh ny cng ch c tc dng vi cc i tng dng ng nh
Wall ( Tng ), Line, Boundary Line, Profile Line Tc dng: phng to hay
thu nh mt nhm i tng dng ng, ring i vi tng ch c tc dng thay i di
khng thay i dy v cao. Phm tt: RE Thao tc: chn i tng hoc nhm i tng,
g RE - Graphical: thu phng i tng theo mt t l nht nh. Bn ch cn nhp t
l vo Graphical ri Click chut ln gc Resize. i tng s phng to hay thu
nh quanh gc ny. - Numerical: thu phng i tng bng cch chuyn mt di
thuc i tng v mt di bit. V d: hnh di ti thc hin thu nh mt nhm gm 4
bc tng, hai bc tng bin hin ti c khong cch 27400, ti mun thu khong
cch ny thnh 500 nhng vn gi nguyn hnh dng ca nhm. Cc bc thc hin nh
sau: - Chn 4 bc tng -> g RE -> chuyn sang ch Numerical ( hoc
mc nh v y l ch Resize mc nh ) -> Click chut tri vo mp ngoi bn
tri tng bn tri, di chuyn chut ( khng gi chut Drag ) -> Click
chut tri vo mp phi tng bn phi -> Nhp s 5000 -> n phm
Enter.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 42
13. Thao tc qut chn i tng: Revit c cch qut chn i tng kh ging vi
phn Autodesk Autocad. - Khi qut t gc phi sang tri, tt c cc i tng b
dnh vo vng chn u c chn. - Khi qut chn t tri qua phi, ch nhng i tng
nm trong vng chn mi c chn. 14. Phm Tab: phm Tab trong Revit c tnh
nng rt hay l chn ln lt tt c cc i tng ti v tr t chut. V d ti 1 v tr
c 3 i tng b trng nhau, bn chut ln v tr ny, i tng u tin s sang ln,
nu bn n Tab i tng th 2 s sang ln v Tab 1 ln na i tng th 3 s sang
ln. Khi ta mi n chn i tng cn chn. iu c bit na l phm Tab c tc dng
chn i tng cng loi lin tip. V d bn t chut ln 1 cnh ca hnh ch nht, bn
n Tab bn s thy tt c cc cnh ca HCN s sang ln bn chn. Bn c th ng dng
tnh nng ny trong cc lnh Offset thao tc c nhanh nht.
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Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 43
CHNG III: THUC TNH V CCH HIU CHNH CC CU KIN C BN TRONG REVIT
ARCHITECTURE
Cc bn lm quen c vi giao din Revit trong chng II. chng ny, ti s
cng cc bn i m x ct li ca cc cu kin trong Revit Architecture. Ti lm
iu ny v y chnh l ct li cc bn c th dng hnh tt c cc th loi cng trnh m
mnh mun mt cch nhanh chng v khoa hc nht. 1. Tng a. Tng xy a1. Hiu
chnh hnh dng Cc loi tng thng, hnh dng tng c quyt nh bng thng s
Profile, khi chn mt bc tng, trn mc Modify Wall cc bn chn Edit
Profile hiu chnh li Profile ( Bin dng ) ca tng. Lu : Profile phi l
hnh khp kn ( Mt hoc nhiu u c ), cc ng Profile khng c ct d vo nhau,
khng trng nhau. V d: cc bc Edit Profile mt bc tng
a2. Hiu chnh dy v lp Chn 1 kiu tng trn bng Properties chn Edit
Type -> Edit Structure ta s xut hin Tab Edit Essembly
- Funtion: tnh cht ca lp: + Structure: lp kt cu + Substrate: lp
nn + Thermal/Air Layer: lp cch nhit, cch m + Finish: lp hon thin +
Membrane Layer: lp mng mng. V d: sn tng - Material: vt liu ca lp -
Thickness: dy ca lp - Insert: chn them 1 lp - Delete: xa 1 lp -
Up/Down: di chuyn lp ln xung - Core Boundary: l gii hn lp kt cu chu
lc.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 44
a3. Ct lp v nhp lp Trong bng Essembly trn mc a2, khi chng ta bt
ch Preview ln vi ch Section: Modify Type Attributes th cc cng c
trong nhm Modify Vertical Structure c m kha. - Split Region: ct 1
lp - Modify: hiu chnh kch thc ( cao ) lp, m kha phn chn v nh ca 1
lp. - Merge Region: nhp chung 2 lp li vi nhau, khi thc hin lnh ny
cc bn phi ch hng mi tn sang tri hay sang phi chn ng lp cn nhp. -
Assign Layers: n nh 1 lp, chn 1 lp ri chn tip cc lp bn mun n nh vo
lp ban u. a4. Thm ch tng Cng trong bng Modify Type Attributes, bn
cnh cc cng c hiu chnh lp nu mc a3, chng ta cn thy 2 mc Sweeps v
Reveals. Sweep: ch tng ( ch ni ) Reveal: roan tng ( ch lm ) n
Sweeps, bng Wall Sweeps s xut hin
- Profile: l bin dng ca Sweep, c th t dng ( New family ->
Metric Profile vi h Metric ) ri load vo v s dng. - Material: l vt
liu ch tng - Distance: khong cch tnh t chn hay nh tng ph thuc v ct
From ngay bn phi. + From Base: khong cch ch tnh t chn tng
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 45
+ From Top: khong cch ch tnh t nh tng. - Side: mt tng gn ch.
Exterior l mt ngoi, Interior l mt trong. - Offset: l dch su vo tng
hay xa ra khi mt tng ca ch. - Flip: l lt bin dng ch. - Setback: l
khong li ca ch. - Cut Wall: l ch ct vo tng, ngha l v tr ch m vo th
khng c tng. Phn ny c tc dng trong vic thng k khi lng. Mc Reveal hon
ton tng t nh Sweep, ch c iu khc l Reveal s k roan tng. a5. Join tng
v s dng cng c Cut Geometry ct phn tng giao. Ti v tr giao nhau ca 2
tng, Revit cho php chng ta iu chnh kiu giao nhau ca 2 bc tng. Trong
mc Modify tm n mc Geometry -> Wall Join . Khi ch Butt, mt trong
hai tng s ct ngang tng kia, cc bn n Previous v Next chuyn i cc dng
giao Butt. Khi ch Miter hai tng s giao vi nhau theo mt ng cho.
Ct b phn giao nhau ca 2 tng. By gi cc bn hy v cho ti 2 bc tng, 1
bc tng dy 200 cao 4000 v 1 bc tng dy 100 cao 2500, bc tng 100 trng
1 mp vi bc tng 200 v nm trong long ca bc tng 200 nh hnh bn di.
Ti s s dng cng c Cut Geometry ct phn d gia tng to ra mt hc m
tng. Trong mc Geometry ca nhm cng c Modify, cc bn chn lnh Cut
Geometry , click chn tng 200 trc ri click tip vo tng 100. Sau Join
2 tng li. Cc bn s c kt qu nh hnh di.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 46
V y l kt qu 3D
b. Tng knh ( Curtain Wall ) b1. Chia mng tng knh Khi v 1 tng
knh, Revit hiu mc nh l 1 mng knh. Mun chia mng ln ny thnh nhiu mng
nh cc bn s dng cng c Curtain
Grid ( ). iu ny c ngha, trn thc t bn khng th s dng cng c Curtain
Wall v 1 bc tng cong. Mun tng cong bn phi chia nh mng tng thnh nhiu
mng tng thng nh ni tip nhau. b2. p knh vo tng knh knh Mullion l
thnh phn c nh v h tr chu lc cho cc mng knh.
Sau khi chia mng knh xong, cc bn s dng cng c Mullion ( ) Add cc
knh vo mng tng. Ty thuc vo mc ch cc bn c th s dng 1 trong 3 cch Add
knh vo bao gm: - Grid Line: b chy sut mt Curtain Grid - Grid Line
Segment: b vo ng Grid line gii hn bi mt knh. - All Grid Lines: b vo
tt c cc Grid Line c trn tng knh. b2. Thay i dy ca tng knh C mt iu
bn nn bit, cc mng tng knh trong Revit c hiu l c cu thnh t cc mng
Panel li vi nhau. Khi chn mt mng tng knh v Edit Type, ti mc Curtain
Panel bn s thy hin th None. iu ny c ngha bn c quyn to ra mt loi
Panel c dy nht nh, c vt liu c th gn vo tng knh. Cc bc thc hin nh
sau: - Bc 1: Trong Project Browser x mc Families -> Curtain
Panel -> System Panel -> Bn chn Solid click phi Duplicate cho
ti mt loi Panel mi t tn g . V d ti t tn Panel knh cng lc. Click phi
ln loi Panel va to v chn Edit Type bn s c bng sau
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 47
- Offset: l khong Offset mc nh khi bn v tng knh. Thng thng khi
bn v tng knh th tng knh s nm cch v tr v 1 khong 19.5mm. Bn c th i s
ny v 0 - Material: l vt liu ca loi Panel ny. iu ny c ngha l trong
tng knh th cc mng Panel khng c nht thit phi l knh. N c th l bt c mt
loi vt liu no . Bn cn ghi nh v tr ny chng ta p dng p vt liu cho tng
knh khi chng ta hc n mc vt liu v render. - Thickness: l dy ca loi
Panel knh ny. Nu s dng knh cng lc bn c th tr gi tr v 10mm chng
hn.
- Bc 2: Chn mt kiu tng knh -> Edit Type -> Duplicate nu cn
( Ti ngh l iu ny l cn thit, chng ta nn gi li loi tng knh mc nh ca
Revit. ). Trong mc Curtain Panel: cc bn x ra tm xung di cng s c loi
Panel bn to ra trong bc 1. Chn n, vy l bn c loi tng knh c dy v vt
liu theo mnh. b3. B ca vo tng knh. Khi lm vic vi Revit bn s nhn thy
rng chng ta s khng th b ca vo tng knh theo cch thng thng. b c mt
cnh ca vo tng knh, cc bn phi thc hin theo cc bc sau: - Bc 1: trn
mng tng knh, hy dung cng c Curtain Grid chia cc mng ca tng knh ra
sao cho to ra 1 mng ng bng kch thc ca m bn mun to. - Bc 2: vo mc
Insert -> Load Family chn mc Door v Load cho ti mt hoc nhiu loi
ca m trong tn ca n c ch Curtain Wall. - Bc 3: chn tng knh mun b ca
vo, Click phi chn Select Panel On Host -> Chn cho ti tm Panel ti
v tr bn mun t ca ( C th bn s phi Click vo biu tng Unpin nu tng ca
bn c gn Panel ) -> Trong bng Properties hy x bng Type ra v chn
cho ti loi ca bn va Load vo. Bn s thy tm Panel ca mnh b thay th bi
cnh ca m bn chn. 2. Sn: cch to sn nhiu lp hon ton ging vi cch to
tng nhiu lp. V hiu chnh dy cng nh vy. Chn mt kiu sn Edit Type ->
Edit Structure: cc bc cn li xem phn tng.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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3. Mi: v c bn nu khng k Massing v Model In Place, th chng ta c 2
cch dng mi Revit a. Roof By Footprint y l cch v mi bng cch v ng bao
phn chn mi. Bn cn nm k nng thit lp dc cc cnh to ra kiu mi theo mnh.
Mun b dc mt cnh, chn cnh b chn trong mc Define Slope. b. Roof By
Extrusion y l cch v mi bng cch v mt ng bin dng mi. Revit s t to ra
mt kiu mi theo ng bin dng ny. Bn cn phi bit cch Set mt phng lm vic
khi dng cch ny. Mt phng lm vic y l mt phng cha ng Profile, mi s c
to ra bng cch to ra mt mt vung gc vi mt phng lm vic bn Set v c dy
theo loi mi m bn chn.
c. Join Roof Join Roof l lnh dng ni cc mi gn nhau li vi nhau to
thnh mt mi thng nht. V d ti c 2 mi nh hnh di
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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By gi chng ta s s dng lnh Join Roof ko di phn mi nh ra chm vo mi
ln. ( Chn Join Roof chn cnh nh mi nh, chn mt nghing mi ln )
Kt qu thu c
d. Ct mi: ct mi chng ta c th s dng cc cng c trong nhm Opening (
Home Opening ). Bao gm: - By Face: ct vung gc vi mt c ct. -
Vertical: ct thng ng xung mt c ct. - Doomer: ct ca s mi. Lc ny chng
ta cn Pick vo mt mi hoc tng ti v tr ca s mi ct b phn mi tha. V d ti
nu trong trng hp b, ct phn mi ln d chng ta c th s dng lnh Doomer ri
click vo mi nh. 4. Cu thang Cu thang Revit l mt cu kin rt phc tp vi
nhiu thng s. Trong gio trnh ny ti ch gii thiu nhng thng s chung
nht, cch hiu
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 50
chnh v v c th cc bn s c hng dn chi tit trong chng trnh o to
Revit ca ti. V c bn c 2 cch v mt cu thang Revit: - Cch 1: s dng lnh
Run - Cch 2: v th cng bng cch v bc v ng bao cho v thang. Phn loi:
thang Revit Architecture 2011 c 2 loi: thang thng v thang
Monolithic. a. Cc thnh phn c bn ca 1 cu thang Revit
Ngoi ra cn thut ng Noising: mi bc. b. Cc thng s c bn ca mt cu
thang Revit
- Base Level: v tr chn thang - Base Offset: dch chuyn chn thang
ln hay xung. - Top Level: v tr nh thang. - Top Offset: dch chuyn ca
nh thang ln hay xung. - Multistory: thang chy lin tip nhiu tng. p
dng cho nh c cc tng c cao nh nhau v thang ging nhau gia cc tng. -
Width: rng ca v thang - Desired Number Of Risers: s bc thang ca cu
thang. - Actual Tread Depth: rng ca bc thang. Trn y l cc thng s c
bn. Khi hiu chnh thng s chng ta cn quan tm l Width, cc thng s khc
nh Tread Depth hay Desired Number ... chng ta khng nn thit lp
y.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 51
Edit Type chng ta s c bng Type Properties ca cu thang.
*Construction: kiu cu thang - Extend Below: phn bng hoc cn thang
s ko thm xung hoc nhc ln mt khong so vi chn thang. - Monolithic
Stairs: cu thang dng bn sn. *Tread: mt bc - Minimum Tread Depth:
rng ti thiu ca mt bc. - Tread Thickness: dy mt bc. C th hiu y l dy
lp gch ( , g ... ) p trn mt bc. - Noising Lenght: di ca mi bc so vi
mt ca i bc. - Noising Profile: l kiu mi bc. - Apply Noising
Profile: v tr ca mi bc: pha trc, bn tri v pha trc,
bn phi v pha trc, c trc, tri v phi. * Riser: i bc - Maximum
Riser Height: cao ti a ca i bc. ( ti s gii thch thm trong phn Bonus
ca cu thang ) - Begin/End With Riser: bt u/ kt thc bng mt bc. -
Riser Type: loi i bc vi: Straight: bc thng, Slanted: bc xin.
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- Riser Thickness: dy i bc hiu nh Tread Thickness. - Riser To
Tread Connection: kiu giao gia mt bc v i bc. *Stringers: bn thang (
thang Monolithic ) hay cn thang ( thang thng ). - Trim Stringers At
Top: ct ngang phn cn tha ln trn nh thang so vi sn phn nh. -
Left/Right Stringers: cn bn tri v bn phi. C 2 kiu l Closed cn thang
d ln trn mt bc v Opened cn thang nm di mt bc. - Middle Stringers:
cn gia ( kiu ny hay dng cho thang xng c ) - Stringer Thickness: dy
ca cn thang. - Stringer Height: cao ca cn thang. - Stringer
Carriage Height: l cao tnh vung gc t mt di ca cn ( bn ) n v tr gc
giao gia Tread v Riser. ( Xem hnh trn ). - Landing Carriage Height:
cao tnh t mt di cn ( bn ) n mt di bn chiu ngh.
BONUS: MT S IU CN CH KHI V CU THANG TRONG REVIT
***
1. Tnh bc thang trong Revit: c mt s bn dng Revit hi ti rng Revit
khng th v bc thang c chiu cao bc l s khng nguyn c h anh !? Xin tr
li bn rng Revit hon ton v c thang kiu ny nhng vn l bn phi hiu Revit
tnh ton nh th no
V d: ti c chiu cao tng ca mnh l 3900 v ti mun cu thang ca ti c
21 bc. Ti s tnh ton ra sao ?
By gi bn ly chiu cao 3900/21 = 185.71 nu em s ny bn nhp vo mc
Maximum Riser Height s li ngay v s bc thang cng s khng ng. Bn nn
hiu rng Maximum Riser Height khng hn l chiu cao ca bc thang nh ! Ci
ny ch ng khi chiu cao l s nguyn.
Maximum Riser Height chnh l cao ti a gii hn tnh ton cho cu thang
ca bn.
Vy bn cn thit k thang c bc l 185.71 th chiu cao gii hn ca bn s l
186 :D
Khi bn nhp vo 186 Revit s bt u tnh xem di 186 th s no u tin s to
ra mt cu thang c s bc nguyn v d nhin l 185.71
Bn xem cch thit lp ca ti bn di nh !
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 53
Cc bn ch ti khai bo l 186 nh ! By gi hy g lnh tt UN chnh li hin
thi n v trong Revit trong mc Length v Curency cc bn chn 3 Decimal
nha ! Khi cc bn s thy Revit nhp vo cho bn cao ng nh bn mong mun
!
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 54
2. V thang Monolithic x bc: vn l khi bn v thang Monolithic x bc
th phn bn ca bn hay b mt i. Cc bn cn fix li ny bng cch chuyn t
smooth sang stepped nha !
Cc bn thy thang trn b li phn bn thang ngay v tr x bc ( Mt bn
thang ) ! Ti s fix li ny nh sau:
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 55
V d nhin ng qun nhp li thong s Landing Carriage Height qui nh dy
bn ti v tr ny nha ! Kt qu thu c l y
3. Mt phn bn ca thang Monolithic trong mt s thang cong V d ti v
1 thang cong v b li nh hnh bn di.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 56
gii quyt vn ny cc bn tm n mc Riser Type mc nh l Straight cc bn
chuyn thnh None v y l kt qu
Phn bn b mt hin ra li 5. Railing: lan can a. Cc thnh phn ca lan
can Revit
b. Cc thng s c bn ca lan can V mt lan can bt k bng cch v ng dn
ca n.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
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Chon lan can -> Edit Type ta s c bng iu chnh thng s lan can.
- Rail Structure: iu chnh cc thanh ngang ( Rail ) - Baluster
Placement: iu khin cc thanh ng - Baluster Offset: phn dch chuyn ca
Baluster so vi ng Path. Nn t l 0 tr lan can kp hng. - Angle Joins:
kiu kt ni Rail ti v tr b gc. - Tangent Joins: kiu ni lan Rail ti
phn khuu. - Rail Connection: kiu kt ni 2 lan can. Trim l kiu ct gn,
Weld l kiu chuyn tip mm.
b1. Rail Structure: iu khin cc thanh Rail
- Name: tn thanh Rail. Nn t tn Rail trng tn cao d qun l -
Height: cao so vi Host ( sn, ramp hay mt bc thang ) - Profile: kiu
lan can ( trn, vung ... ) c th t dng thm Profile load vo s dng.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 58
- Material: vt liu ca lan can. b2. Baluster Placement: iu khin
cc thanh dc.
*Main Pattern: iu chnh cc thanh baluster trn lan can ngang ( nm
trn sn ) - Name: tn baluster - Baluster Family: kiu baluster, c
quyn t to v load vo s dng. - Base: v tr phn chn baluster. + Host:
chn baluster ta ln sn ( lan can ngang ) hay mt bc ( lan can trn cu
thang ) + Mt rail no . Mt baluster hon ton c th ta phn chn ln mt
thanh rail. - Base Offset: chn baluster dch ln xung 1 on bao nhiu.
- Top v Top Offset hiu ging nh Base v Base Offset nhng i vi nh
baluster. - Dist. From Previous = Distance From Previous: l khong
cch i vi cy baluster trc n. Nu h ch c 1 dng baluster th y l khong
cch gia 2 cy lin tip.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 59
- Offset: khong offset gip thu ngn hay ko di thm khong cch giu 2
baluster. * Break Pattern At: l xa b cc cy baluster ti cc v tr c
bit. Ch Never c ngha l khng xa. * Justify: l kiu ri baluster t cy
u, cy cui hay cy gia. Ch Pread Pattern To Fix: c ngha l Revit t tnh
ton cn i khong cch cc baluster. * Excess Lenght Fill: l thm
baluster vo cc on trng. Bn c th nh khong cch d m bn mun thm 1 thanh
baluster vo l bao nhiu mc Spacing. * Use baluster Per Tread On
Stair: l n nh s dng kiu Baluster ring cho mt bc thang. Mc Baluster
Per Tread: qui nh s thanh ny. Mc Baluster Family: qui nh kiu
baluster Lu : nu khng tick chn mc Use baluster Per Tread On Stair
th Revit s dng h baluster trn Main Pattern gn vo cu thang. * Post:
cc thng s nh Main Pattern nhng gip iu khin cc thanh baluster ti cc
v tr u, gc v cui ( Post ). Mc Space gip dch cc thanh ny gn vo hay
xa ra so vi cc thanh baluster bn trong h.
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CHNG IV: CC LNH DNG KHI C BN TRONG REVIT ARCHITECTURE 2011
Trong Revit, bn cnh th vin Model tng i hn ch, Revit cho php ngi
s dng t Model thm cc m hnh th vin hoc i tng s dng. C 2 kiu Model m
hnh: - To Family mi bng cch chn New -> Family - To m hnh ( i tng
) ngay trong d n ang thc hin bng cch chn Home -> Components
-> Model In Place. D l cch no th bn cng cn nm vng cc lnh dng hnh
c bn trong Revit. thun tin cho vic dng hnh ti xin gii thiu mt s
thut ng hay s dng dng hnh. - Solid: khi c - Void: khi rng Khi mt
khi rng giao vi mt khi c trong cng mt i tng Model th ti v tr c khi
rng, khi c b mt i. Hay ni d hiu hn, khi rng chuyn dng c cc khi c. -
Workplane: mt phng lm vic. I. Mt phng lm vic trong Revit. Trong mc
Home -> Work Plane cc bn thy Revit cung cp cho chng ta 3 cng c
qun l mt phng lm vic ( MPLV ) - Ref Plane: lnh tt l RP. Cng c ny
gip chng ta v thm 1 MPLV. Nu cn, bn nn t tn MPLV ny d s dng. Lu rng
khi bn v mt MPLV c ngha l bn ang v vt ca MPLV , MPLV s vung gc vi
mn hnh bn ang v, phn giao tuyn gia MPLV v mn hnh s cho chng ta vt
ny. - Show: ch cho chng ta thy chng ta ang lm vic vi MPLV no. -
Set: gn mt MPLV. Khi n Set Revit s c mt bng thng bo nh sau:
- Name: l chn 1 MPLV c tn. V d: cc trc nh v, cc mt bng tng, cc
MPLV c v thm c t tn. - Pick a plane: dng chut ch vo 1 mt phng v n
nh l 1 MPLV. - Pick a line and use the work plane it was sketched
in: ch vo mt ng thng v s dng chnh MPLV m ng thng v ln lm MPLV.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 61
II. 5 lnh to khi c bn trong Revit chuyn qua mi trng dng hnh
trong Project, cc bn chn Home -> Component -> Model In Place
-> Chn h cho i tng s c to ra. 1. Lnh Extrusion Nguyn l: trt 1
bin dng ( profile ) theo hng vung gc vi MPLV ca profile to ra khi.
Thao tc: chn Extrusion -> nhp cao cho i tng trong mc Depth ->
v profile -> finish.
2. Lnh Blend Nguyn l: kt ni thng 2 profile ( khng ng phng ) li
vi nhau v to khi Thao tc: chn Blend -> Nhp cao ca khi mc Depth
-> v profile phn chn -> chn Edit Top -> v profile phn nh
-> finish.
3. Lnh Revolve Nguyn l: xoay mt profile quanh mt trc xoay ( axis
) to khi. Thao tc: chn Revolve -> v profile -> v hoc pick trc
xoay ( axis line ) -> Finish.
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 62
*Lu : khi v Axis Line phi tnh ton sao cho khi to ra khng t giao
li chnh bn thn n nu khng khi s b li.
4. Lnh Sweep Nguyn l: trt 1 profile trn 1 ng dn ( path ) to khi.
Thao tc: chn Sweep -> chn Sketch Path -> v ng dn -> finish
-> chn Select Profile ( nu mc edit profile b lock ) -> Edit
Profile -> v profile -> finish -> finish.
*Lu : - Khi v path xong, bn s thy Revit n nh cho bn 1 MPLV v
profile khoan hy vi finish path, bn c quyn chut vo v tr MPLV ny v
ko n n v tr bn d v phn profile nht. - Khi v path v profile nn tnh
ton sao cho ti cc on gp khc ( hoc cong qu gp ) khi model khng b t
giao nu khng khi Sweep s b li. 5. Lnh Sweep Blend Nguyn l: lnh ny l
s kt hp gia 2 lnh Sweep v Blend. N lm vic nh sau: kt ni 2 profile 2
u 1 ng dn v to khi. Thao tc: chn Sweep Blend - Sketch Path -> v
ng dn -> Finish - Select Profile 1 -> Edit Profile -> v
profile 1 -> finish - Select Profile 2 -> Edit Profile ->
v profile 2 -> finish - Finish
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Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 63
*Lu : cc lu ca lnh Sweep Blend ging nh lnh Sweep. Bn cnh bn cn
lu rng: khc vi Sweep, lnh Sweep Blend khng chp nhn ng ni tip, ngha
l ng dn ca n phi l 1 ng duy nht ch khng c php v nhiu ng ni tip
nhau. Bn cnh 5 lnh dng khi Solid th chng ta cng c 5 lnh dng khi
Void y nh vy. Vic p dng khi Void ct, c khi Solid nh th no ty thuc
vo mc ch ca ngi s dng. III. To th vin c tham s Revit l 1 phn mm
B.I.M nn cc th vin c gn tham s l mt phn tt yu ca n. thc hin c 1 m
hnh c gn tham s yu cu ngi s dng phi nm vng 2 k nng: - Th nht l k
nng Model ( 5 lnh dng hnh ) - Th hai l hiu v p dng ng cch gn tham
s. Tham s - Parameter: l mt bin c gn vo i tng gip ngi lm vic c th
thay i thuc tnh i tng ty vo trng hp c th. Cc thuc tnh c th gn tham
s th rt nhiu, c th k n: kch thc, vt liu, s lng, gc xoay, text ...
Trong phm vi ca gio trnh ti khng cp nhiu n phn ny. y l phn mang tnh
chuyn bit cho tng m hnh v vy ti s cp nhiu hn, k cng hn v d nm bt
nht trong qu trnh thc hnh trong chng trnh o to ca ti. Trong chng
trnh o to cc bn s hng dn cch to ra mt m hnh ca i, ca s, m hnh lam,
m hnh ct phc tp ... c gn tham s v cch thit lp s lin thuc ( s dng
Formular ) i vi cc tham s .
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CHNG V: VT LIU V RENDER TRONG REVIT ARCHITECTURE
I. Cc thng s c s ca mt vt liu trong Revit Vt liu Revit c qun l
trong mc Manage -> Materials Mun to 1 vt liu mi bn click chn nt
Duplicate trong bng Materials. Bn hy tm n vt liu Default trong bng
Materials sau Duplicate ra mt vt liu mi. Chng ta s tm hiu cc thng s
ca 1 vt liu Revit. 1. Bng Graphics: bng ny iu khin cc ch mu shade v
cch hatch ( ging Autocad ) ca vt liu. Nhng thng s trong bng ny khng
c gi tr Render.
- Bng mu shading: mu ny s hin th trong ch Shade, Shade With Edge
v Consistent Color - Transparency: trong sut ca mu shade. - Surface
Pattern: hatch b mt i tng Bn cnh l mu hatch. - Cut Pattern: hatch
mt ct ca i tng Bn cnh l mu hatch. 2. Bng Render Apperance: iu khin
thng s render. a. Generic: - Color: mu vt liu
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Gio trnh revit architecture 2011
Trung tm tin hc arctin - kts l quang phc Trang 65
- Image: dng mt nh texture ph ln b mt i tng to ra vt liu cho i
tng. Sau khi chn nh xong, c th click trc tip ln nh thay i thuc tnh
ca nh.
Bng Texture Editor - Brightness: sng ca hnh. - Transform: iu
chnh cc thng s ca hnh - Link Texture Trasforms: lin kt kch thc v
thng s ca hnh vi cc hnh khc iu khin thng s vt liu ( Texture Bump,
Relief Pattern, Cut Out ... ) - Postion: + Offset X, Y: dch hnh qua
li, ln xung. + Rotation: xoay hnh - Scale: chnh ln ca hnh. Cc bn nn
chnh ln ca hnh theo kch thc thc ca vt liu. - Repeat: iu chnh ch lp
li hnh theo 2 phng ngang ( Horizon ) v dc ( Vertical ). Lu : sau
khi p vt liu bng Image, nu khng gim nh hng Image Fade xung th xem
nh mu Color khng cn tc dng. Khi gim Image Fade xung s chuyn sang ch
trn ln gia nh v mu.
- Reflectivity: phn x ca vt liu + Direct: phn x trc tip +
Oblique: phn x khi nhn xin vo b mt vt liu. - Transparency: trong
sut ca vt liu + Amount: mc trong sut thay i t 0 100. + Image: iu
chnh trong sut bng mt hnh nh ( thng l nh en trng ) Revit s cn c trn
sc en trng ca hnh nh m iu chnh trong sut ca vt liu. + Image Fade:
nh hng ca Image iu khinTransparensy. + Translucency: c ca vt liu
thay i t 0 100 + Refraction: chit sut ca vt liu quyt nh kh nng khc
x. - Cutouts: dng mt nh en trng lm cho vt liu c cm gic nh b c l. Ti
v tr mu en vt liu b mt i, mu trng vt liu s c gi li.
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- Self Illumination: kh nng t pht sng ca vt liu + Filter Color:
mu ngun sng. + Luminance: kiu pht sng. VD mn hnh TV, mn hnh in
thoi, n ... + Color Temparature: nhit ca ngun sng. 6500K l nh sng
trng, > 6500K l mu lnh, < 6500K l mu nng. - Bump: dng 1 nh en
trng lm b mt vt liu c cm gic li lm. II. Mt s vt liu sn c hay dng
trong Revit Khi trong bng Render Apperance, cc bn c th n nt Replace
chn mt vt liu sn c trong Revit
1. Wall Paint: sn tng. - Color: mu sn - Finish: bng b mt: tng dn
t Flat ( khng bng ) ln n Gloss ( bng nht ) - Application: dng c sn,
nh hng n mn ca b mt. Spray: sn gai, Brush: sn bng c ( chi ),
Roller: sn ln. 2. Glass: knh
- Color: mu knh - Reflectance: phn x - Refraction: chit sut -
Roughness: nhm b mt.
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- Relief Pattern: hiu gn nh Bump, Relief Pattern l dng mt hnh nh
chm ni b mt vt liu. 3. Glass Glazing: vch knh Cc thng s n gin hn
Glass, Color v Reflectance th nh nu phn vt liu Glass. Nhng ch l nu
cng thng s Reflectance th knh dng Glass Glazing s phn x yu hn knh
dng Glass rt nhiu. Sheet Of Glass: l s lp knh. Thng thng nn t l 1
tr khi dng knh 2 lp. 4. Liquid: cht lng
- Type: l loi cht lng: nc sng, sui, bin, h bi, du ... - Color:
mu cht lng - Wave Height: cao ca sng.
5. Cc vt liu khc - Ceramic: gch Ceramic - Concrete: b tng -
Fabric: vi - Leather: da - Finish: vt liu hon thin b mt - Flooring
...: cc loi vt liu sn - Masonry: vt liu dng khi: gch, ... - Metal:
kim loi - Mirror: gng - Miscellaneous: vt liu hn hp - Paint: sn -
Plastic: nha - Roofing: mi - Siding: lt vn - Site Work: cc vt liu
dng cho a hnh v cnh quan bn ngoi nh: nha ng, t, c ... - Stone: -
Stucco: va hoc ra
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- Wall Covering: giy dn tng. - Wood: g. III. p vt liu vo i tng.
1. p vt liu C nhiu kiu p vt liu cho i tng trong Revit. Tuy nhin nu
nhn tng qut c mt s kiu sau: - i vi tng, sn, mi, trn: p vt liu bng
cch edit structure v p vt liu cho cc lp cu to. - i vi dm, ct: p vt
liu trc tip trong bng Properties mc Materials And Finish. - Cc i
tng th vin: ca i, ca s ... chn i tng -> Edit Type tm n mc
Materials And Finish p vt liu. - i vi cc i tng Model In Place: c th
p trc tip lc Model hoc t Parameter vt liu ri p sau. ( Chn i tng
-> Edit Type -> Materials And Finish ). - Rail: chn railing
-> Edit Type -> Edit Rail Structure -> p vt liu vo ct
Material - Baluster: trong Project Browser -> Families ->
Railing -> Tm loi baluster cn p -> Click phi -> Edit Type
ri p vt liu trong mc Baluster Material. - Tng knh: p vt liu cho kiu
Curtain Panel ang s dng. ( Xem mc tng knh Chng III ) 2. Paint vt
liu Bn cnh cch p vt liu, Revit cho php ngi s dng s dng cng c Paint
( Modify -> Paint phm tt PT ) sn mt vt liu ln mt b mt. iu ny c
ngha 1 i tng c th c nhiu mt vt liu khc nhau. Cn lu mt s im sau: -
Ch Paint c v mt cc i tng c bn nh tng, sn, mi, ct ... ch khng th
paint cc i tng th vin - Mun paint mt i tng th vin phi Edit Family
ri paint trong qu trnh to ra m hnh . - i vi i tng Model In Place th
paint khi cha kt thc lnh Finish Model. Nu kt thc ri th chn m hnh
-> Edit In Place ri mi paint c. IV. t Camera v Render 1. t
Camera: Revit cho php ngi dng t Camera mt cch kh d dng bng cch chn
biu tng Camera v ko ph qua vng mun hin th.
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*Lu : Chng ta nn chuyn View nhn v mt bng thc hin thao tc ny. Sau
khi t Camera xong, trong Project Browser mc 3D Views s xut hin thm
View ta va to. Mc nh Revit s t tn cc View ny l 3D View 1, 3D View 2
... Chuyn vo 1 View phi cnh, c 2 thng s chng ta cn quan tm l: - Eye
Elevation: l chiu cao ca Camera hay mt ngi quan st - Target
Elevation: l chiu cao ca im quan st m Camera hay mt ngi hng n. Nh
rng chng ta ng bao gi thc hin thao tc xoay ( Shift Chut gia ) khi
ang trong View phi cnh, cch lm ny s lm View b mo. Mun thay i chng
ta nn bt nhiu View tham chiu ln VD: MB, M ... v View phi cnh ri
trong Project Browser click phi ln View ang mun thay i chn Show
Camera, chng ta thc hin di chuyn Camera hay Target trong cc View
tham chiu v quan st View phi cnh n khi no c View nhn ng nht th dng
li. 2. Thit lp nh sng mt tri cho Render Click chn vo mc bng v chn
Graphics Display Options thay i kiu mt tri cho View phi cnh ca chng
ta.
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- Mc Lighting l kiu nh sng mt tri gi lp. Mc nh chng ta c 2 ngun
sng t tri qua phi v t phi qua tri. Chng ta c quyn to kiu nh sng mi
bng cch chn Duplicate. iu khin c mt tri chng ta cn hiu 2 thng s
Azimuth v Altitude nh sau
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- Mc Single day cho php chng ta thit lp ng ngy, gi, a im ca cng
trnh xy dng trn c s s dng bn Google Maps ( yu cu c kt ni Internet
). 3. Thit lp thng s Render Trong View phi cnh, Click chn biu tng
Render chng ta s c bng Rendering
- Nt Render: ra lnh Render sau khi thit lp xong thng s. -
Region: render mt vng gii hn. - Quality: cht lng nh render - Output
Settings: phn gii ca nh. + Resolution Screen: render theo kh nh hin
thi trn mn hnh. ( Dng render th ) + Resolution Printer: render theo
kh my in. Khi ny chng ta phi thit lp thng s DPI cho nh. DPI = Dots
Per Inch Square l s im nh trn 1 Inch vung. S ny cng cao th nh cng
ln. DPI = 72 1200. Thit lp thng s ny i hi ngi dng c i cht kinh
nghim v ha. - Lighting: kiu chiu sng cho Render. C tng cng 6 kiu
chiu sng, ti khng i gii thch tng kiu m ch gii thch thut ng cc bn t
hiu. + Interior: Ni tht + Exterior: Ngoi tht + Sun: Mt tri +
Artificial: ngun sng nhn to - Background: kiu nn - Image Adjust
Exposure: thit lp thng s hnh nh. Thit lp ny rt quan trng v n nh
hng
n mc p xu ca nh render ra. Cch setting ny ph thuc vo kinh nghim
cng nh quan im thm m ca mi ngi. Khng c mt setting no l tuyt i.
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ngha cc thng s bng Adjust Exposure - Exposure Value: phi sng ca
nh, quyt nh sng ti ca nh. - Highlight: iu chnh cc vng sng le ( sng
chi ) - Mid Tones: m nht ca nh - Shadows: sng ti ca bng . - White
Point: tng mu ca nh. 6500 l nh chn thc nht. Mun nh ng sang tng lnh
th gim xung di 6500 v mun sang tng nng th tng ln trn 6500. -
Saturation: mu ca nh. 0 ng vi nh en trng v 5 ng vi nh rt le lot.
Trong qu trnh hc t chng III n chng V, chng ta s kt hp dng, model
chi tit, p vt liu v render ni ngoi tht cho cng trnh sau. ( D liu ch
cung cp cho hc vin ng k kha hc Revit c bn ). BI THC HNH 02 DNG HNH
V RENDER
Ch Realistic
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CHNG VI: HON THIN BN V K THUT I. Hon thin hin th bn v k thut 1.
Cng c Visibility Settings: y l cng c qun l tt nht cc hin th ca cc i
tng bao gm: n hin i tng, qun l nt, nt ct, hatch b mt cng nh hatch
mt ct. ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) 2. Cng c Override Graphics In
View: qun l i tng trong tng view nhn, c im khc bit so vi Visibility
Settings l n c th qun l i tng c lp theo dng Element. ( C th trong
phn thc hnh ) II. Hon thin h thng kch thc v k hiu. 1. Qun l
Dimension Cc thnh phn c bn ca 1 Dimension
Chn 1 ng Dimension -> Edit Type ta c bng iu khin thng s
Dimension
- Tick Mark: dng Tick, chng ta thng dng kiu Diagonal 3mm v
Filled Dot. iu chnh kch thc cc i tng ny trong mc Manage ->
Additional Settings -> Arrow Head -> Type: Diagonal ... -
Line Weight: c nt ng Dimension - Tick Mark Line Weight: c nt ca
Tick. - Dimension Line Extension: l phn d ca Dimension Line so vi
Witness Line. - Witness line Control: gn phn chn Witness vo u: +
Fixed to Dimension Line: gn vo ng Dimension + Gap to Elements: gn
vo i tng c o. - Witness Line Lenght: l khong cch t Dimension n chn
Witness nu mc Witness Line
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Control ta chn Fixed to Dimension Line. - Witness Line Gap To
Element: khong cch t i tng c o n chn Witness nu mc Witness Line
Control ta chn Gap to Element. - Witness Line Extension: phn d
Witness Line so vi Dimension Line - Text: iu chnh v ch kch thc. 2.
Qun l h thng cc k hiu H thng cc k hiu trong Revit kh y , tuy nhin
ph hp vi cc tiu chun ca Vit Nam chng ta cn c mt s thay i. a. Thay i
ng nt v kch thc ca Grid: kt hp cng c qun l Project Browser ->
Families -> Annotation Symbols v cng c Edit Type qun l k hiu ny.
( C th trong phn thc hnh ) b. Thay i n v, thm du + v vo cc k hiu
Cos cao , Level: s dng cng c thay i n v c lp ( C th trong phn thc
hnh ) c. Thay i k hiu v n v dc cho tng trng hp c th: ramp, mi ... (
C th trong phn thc hnh ) d. Thay i k hiu ca i, ca s: chn k hiu
-> Edit Family -> Thay i. ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) 3. S dng
cc cng c trin khai a. Cng c Callout: ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) b.
Cng c Duplicate View ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) c. Cng c Drafting
View ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) d. Cc cng c h tr hon thin bn v:
Detail Line, qun l nt Line Style, Filled Region, Masking Region,
Detail Group ... ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) e. To cc kiu ch ghi ch
( C th trong phn thc hnh ) 4. To cc bng v thng k: View ->
Schedule/Quantities ( C th trong phn thc hnh ) 5. To cc bn v trch
chi tit cu to: View -> Legends 6. To v hiu chnh cc khung bn v, a
bn v vo khung bn v, thay i k hiu cc mt ct, cc chi tit trin khai ...
( C th trong phn thc hnh ) 7. Thit lp cc thng s in n: ( C th trong
phn thc hnh ) Cc bn thn mn ! Trin khai Revit l mt cng vic i hi ngi
dng c nhng kin thc chuyn su v Revit, kin trc v thi cng. Trong chng
trnh o to Revit Architecture ca ti gm 2 lp: - Lp c bn: cung cp cho
ngi dng nhng k nng dng v th hin mt cng trnh kin trc c bn v k thut p
nht, khoa hc nht. - Lp trin khai: gip ngi dng p dng Revit vo cng tc
trin khai thi cng mt cch nhun nhuyn, khoa hc, qun l h thng bn v ti
u v lm ch cc k hiu cng nh cc cng c trin khai mt cch hon ton.
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Do c th nh vy, nn trong chng th VI ny, ti cp tng i t v ni dung
trin khai. Ti mun cc hc vin ca mnh t ghi chp nhiu hn ghi nh nhiu hn
l thuyt phn ny trong qu trnh cc bn thc hnh di s hng dn ca ti. Ti nu
ra l do cc bn khi thc mc v ni dung chng ny. y l bi thc hnh dnh cho
cc bn. ( D liu ch cung cp cho hc vin ) BI THC HNH S 3: DNG HNH HON
THIN BN V K THUT V RENDER
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CHNG VII: REVIT MASSING I. Cc nguyn l dng hnh trong Massing
Revit V c bn Revit Massing dng hnh trn c s 5 lnh dng hnh c bn trong
Revit. Tuy nhin, y chng ta khng h thy xut hin bt c mt biu tng dng
hnh no ca cc lnh dng hnh nh Extrusion, Blend, Sweep ... Nhng cng c
dng hnh duy nht y ch l Line, Reference Line, Reference Plane, ... v
cng c to hnh Create Form. Vy cc khi c to ra nh th no ? V c bn cch
thc to khi by gi c th hiu nh th ny: Khi bn v 1 hoc nhiu ng v ra lnh
to khi, Revit s tnh ton tt c cc kh nng c th to khi t nhng ng bn v
ra bng cch s dng cc nguyn l dng hnh t 5 lnh c bn. Chng ta s i tm
hiu cch s dng 5 lnh dng hnh c bn trong mi trng Massing: 1. Lnh
Extrusion Hy v mt hnh kn v ng phng, chn hnh v n Create Form, Revit
s hiu l lnh Extrusion. Bn cng c th v 1 ng v Create Form. Trng v bng
Line thng v Create Form -> Extrusion
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Trng hp bn v bng Refernce Line th c n 2 kh nng to hnh cho hnh kn
ng phng: mt l lnh Extrusion, hai l kh nng to ra mt mt phng.
2. Lnh Blend: by gi hy v 2 hnh kn v khng ng phng, chn c 2 hnh v
Create Form. Lc Revit hiu l lnh Blend.
3. Lnh Revolve: hy v 1 hnh kn v mt ng thng. Chn c 2 v Create
Form, chng ta s c lnh Revolve.
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4. Lnh Sweep: v mt ng ( thng hay cong ), trn ng Add thm 1 im nu
cn ( ng SpinLine th khng cn Add m c th s dng chnh cc im ca ng ),
set MPLV ti im va Add vo v v 1 hnh kn. Chn hnh kn v ng ban u sau
Create Form, l cch thc hin 1 Sweep.
5. Lnh Sweep Blend: v 1 ng ( thng hay cong ) ln lt Set MPLV ti 2
u ng v ln lt v 2 hnh kn. Chn ng v 2 hnh kn sau Create Form, l cch
thc hin 1 lnh Sweep Blend.
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6. Lnh Loft: v c bn lnh Loft tng i ging lnh Blend, tuy nhin Loft
c th thc hin trn nhiu hn 2 Profile v khng ch thc hin trn Profile kn
m cn l dng ng. Loft kt ni lin tc nhiu Profile v to khi.
II. Hiu chnh khi Massing Sau khi to khi, Revit cung cp cho chng
ta mt s cng c hiu chnh khi nh sau:
1. Ch X-Ray: l ch khung li cho php ngi dng khung v hiu c cch thc
to hnh c bn ca khi. 2. Add Edge: thm vo 1 hoc nhiu ng sinh. ng sinh
l ng ni cc Profile 3. Add Profile: thm vo 1 hoc nhiu bin dng mi. 4.
Dissolve: r khi v dng hnh c bn m t ta c th to li khi ging y nh vy.
5. Di chuyn, xoay, thay i cc thnh phn trong khi: Sau khi bt sang ch
X-ray, Revit cho php ngi dng tc ng vo cc thnh phn ca khi. C th nh
sau: - Di chuyn, xoay Profile.
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- Phng to, thu nh hay thay i hnh dng 1 Profile bng cch chn 1 cnh
bt k ca Profile v chn Edit Profile - Di chuyn 1 cnh ca Profile - Di
chuyn ng Edge - Di chuyn cc im giao gia Edge v Profile - Chia li mt
b mt: chn b mt v chn Divide Surface. U v V xc nh s trn 2 chiu ca li
*Ghi ch: mun truy bt c cc im trn li, cc bn phi bt ch Node ln. Thc
hin nh sau: chn li v lm theo hnh
III. To cc b mt bng Curtain Panel Pattern Based. Cc bn thn mn !
Khi lm vic mi Massing trong Revit, chng ta cn phi hiu mt iu nh th
ny: khi to dng mt khi hoc mt b mt, chng ta mi ch xong 50% cng vic.
Mun n tr thnh mt thnh phn kin trc chng ta c 2 cch: - Cch 1: Load
Conceptual Mass sang Project v s dng cc cng c trong mc Massing And
Site ( Wall By Face, Roof By Face, ... ) n nh b mt thnh mt i tng c
th.
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- Cch 2: s dng Family: Curtain Panel Pattern Based nh vt liu v
kt cu b mt cho i tng. Nguyn l: khi chia li b mt, trn mt li hnh thnh
1 h thng im. Trong Family Curtain Panel Pattern Based, ty thuc vo
dng li ta chn m trn s c sn bao nhiu Adaptive Point, cc im ny c nh s
th t. Chng ta dng hnh trn c s cc im ny. Khi Load sang Massing, cc
Adaptive Point s ln lt c canh vo cc im trn li n nh v tr i tng
Curtain Panel ca chng ta, sau n s lp li cho n khi kn ht b mt. dng
hnh c mt Curtain Panel Pattern Based ( CPPB ) ng chng ta cn tun th
cc nguyn tt sau 1. Nguyn tt 1: khng c im ngu nhin. Ngoi tr cc
Adaptive Point th mi im trong CPPB phi nm trn nhng ng xc nh v c ta
xc nh. Mt ng thng hay ng cong ( ngoi tr ng trn ) trong Revit
Massing d ngn hay di u c chia ta t 0 n 1. Khi 1 im nm trn 1 ng, ta
ca n s xc nh trong mc Properties -> Hosted Parameter. ng nhin ta
ny s c gi tr trong on [0,1] chng ta c quyn Add Parameter iu khin ta
ny. Ring i vi ng trn khp kn, ta s tnh t 0 -> 2 * Ghi ch: cch t
Parameter 2 im lun i xng qua trung im mt on thng.
im 1: Parameter: a im 2: Parameter: b Formular: b = 1-a 2. Nguyn
tt 2: khng c ng ngu nhin. Mt ng thng phi i qua 2 im xc nh v mt ng
cong phi i qua t nht 3 im xc nh 3. Offset: khi mt im c v trn 1 MPLV
c Set. Th im c mt thng s Offset ( Properties -> Offset ) quyt nh
khong dch chuyn vung gc ra xa so vi MPLV . Chng ta li dng c im ny
thit lp cc Panel 3D ( tc Panel c pht trin theo chiu cao nh gin khng
gian chng hn ) * Lu : ngay c khi chng ta ang dng CPPB th chng ta
cng c quyn chia li b mt 1 thnh phn trong v s dng 1 CPPB khc to b mt
cho CPPB ang dng. IV. Adaptive Component: nh gii thiu 1 phn trong
phn CPPB v tc dng ca cc Adaptive Point. khng hn ch kh nng dng
hnh
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ca ngi s dng v cc CPPB thng c s Adaptive Point gii hn. Revit xut
thm mt i tng mi l Adaptive Component. i tng ny dng hnh trn c s nhng
im Adaptive Point do ngi s dng t ch nh ( khng gii hn v s lng ). Mun
s dng, ngi dng ch cn t ng v tr cho tng Adaptive Point, cc v tr ny
hon ton t do, khng nht thit phi l cc Node ca b mt Divided Surface.
y l mt cng c cc k hay, hu dng v mnh m ca Revit.
BI TP THC HNH CHNG VII
THC HNH MASSING V CPPB
ADAPTIVE COMPONENTS
HT