MC LCLI NI U................................................................................................................................4 S ra i v pht trin ca mng Internet lm nh hng ti tt c cc lnh vc ca i sng kinh t, x hi. Trong , kinh t b tc ng mnh m hn c. Nhng ng dng ca Cng ngh thng tin, s pht trin ca khoa hc my tnh v mc ph rng khp ca mng ton cu Internet l mt c hi v cng l thch thc ln cho bt k doanh nghip no hot ng trong thi i k thut s.....................................................................................4 Chng 1........................................................................................................................................6 GII THIU ASP.........................................................................................................................6 1.1 Gii thiu ngn ng lp trnh web ng ASP...................................................................6 1.2 Web Server IIS.....................................................................................................................9 1.3 Ci t v chy ng dng ASP u tin..........................................................................10 1.3.1 Cu hnh cho Website trn IIS......................................................................................10 1.3.2 Vit cc file ASP...........................................................................................................12 1.3.3 Dng trnh duyt truy cp website................................................................................12 1.4 Tm tt cc c php VBScript.........................................................................................15 1.4.1 Response.write..............................................................................................................16 1.4.2 Bin...............................................................................................................................16 1.4.3 Mng.............................................................................................................................17 1.4.4 Ghp chui....................................................................................................................17 1.4.5 Hm c sn....................................................................................................................17 1.4.5.1 Cc hm chuyn i kiu.......................................................................................18 1.4.5.2 Cc hm format......................................................................................................18 1.4.5.3 Cc hm ton hc:..................................................................................................18 1.4.5.4 Cc hm thao tc vi chui....................................................................................19 1.4.5.5 Cc hm ngy thng...............................................................................................20 1.4.5.6 Cc hm kim tra:..................................................................................................20 1.4.6 R nhnh.......................................................................................................................20 1.4.6.1 If.............................................................................................................................20 1.4.6.2 Select case ... else ...End select..............................................................................21 1.4.7 Lp:...............................................................................................................................21 1.4.7.1 ForNext..............................................................................................................21 1.4.7.2 Do WhileLoop...................................................................................................21 1.4.7.3 While .. Wend........................................................................................................22 1.4.7.4 Do .. Loop Until.....................................................................................................22 1.4.8 iu kin and ,or, not....................................................................................................22 1.4.9 Th tc v hm ngi dng..........................................................................................22 1.4.9.1 Th tc...................................................................................................................23 1.4.9.2 Hm........................................................................................................................24 1.4.10 S dng #include........................................................................................................26 1.5 Cc i tng cn bn.......................................................................................................26 1.5.1 i tng Request........................................................................................................27 1.5.1.1 Request.QueryString..............................................................................................27 1.5.1.2 Request.Form.........................................................................................................28 1.5.2 Response.......................................................................................................................29 1.5.2.1 Response.Write......................................................................................................29 1.5.2.2 Response.Redirect..................................................................................................29 1.5.2.3 Response.End.........................................................................................................29 1.5.3 i tng Session.........................................................................................................30 1.5.4 i tng Application..................................................................................................31 1.5.5 File Global.asa..............................................................................................................32 1.5.6 i tng Dictionary....................................................................................................35 1
1.5.7 i tng Server...........................................................................................................35 1.5.7.1 Server.CreateObject...............................................................................................35 1.5.7.2 Server.Mappath......................................................................................................36 1.6 S dng Database vi ASP..............................................................................................36 1.6.1 Cc c php cn bn truy xut d liu t DB..........................................................36 1.6.1.1 La chn................................................................................................................37 1.6.1.2 Thm d liu vo bng..........................................................................................37 1.6.1.3 Sa d liu.............................................................................................................37 1.6.1.4 Xo d liu.............................................................................................................37 1.6.2 i tng Connection...................................................................................................37 1.6.3 i tng Recordset.....................................................................................................38 1.6.4 Thm sa xa d liu trong DB:...................................................................................41 1.6.4 Phn trang.....................................................................................................................43 1.6.5 Tm kim d liu trong database..................................................................................44 Chng 2......................................................................................................................................47 MT S TIN CH TRONG ASP............................................................................................47 2.1 Registration........................................................................................................................47 2.2 Login v Logout.................................................................................................................50 2.3 Qun l User.......................................................................................................................52 2.4 Qun l Product.................................................................................................................57 2.5 Shopping cart.....................................................................................................................60 2.6 S dng ting Vit trong ASP...........................................................................................64 2.6.1 Bng m Unicode..........................................................................................................64 2.6.2 M ha UTF-8..............................................................................................................65 2.6.3 CodePage v Charset....................................................................................................65 2.6.4 Lp trnh ting Vit vi ASP:.......................................................................................66 Chng 3......................................................................................................................................69 PHN TCH, THIT K V PHT TRIN CC NG DNG KINH T DA TRN NN ASP......................................................................................................................................69 3.1. H thng qun l hot ng kinh doanh........................................................................69 3.1.1. Qun l ni dung doanh nghip...................................................................................69 3.1.2. Qun l quan h khch hng (CRM)...........................................................................70 3.1.3. Qun l d n.............................................................................................................73 3.2. H thng Marketing in t............................................................................................79 3.2.1. Chin lc Marketing in t .....................................................................................79 3.2.1.1. Chin lc sn phm ...........................................................................................79 3.2.1.2. Chin lc gi.......................................................................................................84 3.2.1.3. Chin lc phn phi............................................................................................86 3.2.2. Marketing E mail (http://inova.vn/quang-cao-qua-email-marketing) .....................88 3.2.3. Marketing SMS (http://inova.vn/inova-sms-sender-phan-mem-gui-tin-nhan-dienthoai-hang-loat)......................................................................................................................90 3.2.4. M hnh 4P v Internet Marketing...............................................................................94 3.2.5. Marketing Mobile .....................................................................................................100 3.2.6. Social Media Marketing l g? SMM ? .....................................................................104 3.3. Giao dch in t.............................................................................................................107 3.3.1. An ton d liu trong thanh ton in t...................................................................107 3.3.2. Chun quc t v chng ch s v ng dng trong bo mt giao dch in t..........111 3.4. Mt s ng dng kinh t in hnh da trn ASP.......................................................114 3.4.1. Cng ngh BizTalk Server v ng dng trong quy trnh kinh doanh .......................114 3.4.3.1. Tng quan v Gii php Microsoft Biztalk Server.............................................114 3.4.3.2. Cng ngh truyn thng ip trong Microsoft Biztalk Server............................116 3.4.3.3. S dng BizTalkServerAdministration Console................................................120 2
Cc thnh phn ca Biztalk Server..................................................................................121 Kt ni cc h thng........................................................................................................124 Qu trnh nhn v gi thng ip....................................................................................124 Microsoft BizTalk Server 2010 bao gm cc adapter sau y:.......................................125 Qu trnh x l thng ip: Pipeline...............................................................................125 3.4.3.4 Tch hp ng dng doanh nghip........................................................................126 iii) Kin trc Biztalk Server.............................................................................................128 3.4.2. Ngn hng in t (E-Banking).................................................................................129 3.4.2.1. Ngn hng in t l g?.....................................................................................129 3.4.2.2 Cc dch v ngn hng trc tuyn.......................................................................130 a. H thng thanh ton in t ti cc im bn (EFTPOS)................................................130 b. My rt tin ng( Automatic Machines ATM)...........................................................130 c. Dch v ngn hng qua in thoi (telephone banking)..................................................131 d. Dch v ngn hng ti nh (Home banking hoc PC banking)........................................131 e. Dch v ngn hng qua mng my tnh ton cu(Internet banking)................................131 f. Dch v ngn hng qua v tuyn truyn hnh tng tc (Interactive TV)........................133 g. Dch v ngn hng qua mng vin thng khng dy (wireless communications network) hay mobile banking..............................................................................................................134 3.4.2.3. Cc phng tin thanh ton in t....................................................................134 a. Th thanh ton ...............................................................................................................134 b. Chuyn khon in t (EFT)...........................................................................................135 c. Chuyn tin in t ti a im bn hng (EFTPOS)....................................................136 d. Sc in t.......................................................................................................................137 e. V tin in t..................................................................................................................139 f. Tin mt in t (e-cash)..................................................................................................139 g. Hi phiu in t.............................................................................................................141 TI LIU THAM KHO.........................................................................................................142
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LI NI U S ra i v pht trin ca mng Internet lm nh hng ti tt c cc lnh vc ca i sng kinh t, x hi. Trong , kinh t b tc ng mnh m hn c. Nhng ng dng ca Cng ngh thng tin, s pht trin ca khoa hc my tnh v mc ph rng khp ca mng ton cu Internet l mt c hi v cng l thch thc ln cho bt k doanh nghip no hot ng trong thi i k thut s. Nh vy, nghin cu v pht trin ng dng da trn nn web s l hng i ng vi xu th chung ca thi i. Mng Internet l cu ni a sn phm, dch v ca doanh nghip, t chc ti tay khch hng m khng h phn bit khch hng l t u v c th cng cp hng ha, dch v bt c thi gian no khch hng cn. Nhng hot ng ni b doanh nghip cng s c kt ni chung thng quan mng Internet hay mng ni b doanh nghip. Vn c nhn ha trong cung cp sn phm, dch v s thun tin hn nh s dng my tnh c nhn ni mng Internet. Thm vo , chung ta cn c th mua bn, trao i v thc hin truyn thng qung co thng qua mng Internet. lm vic c trn nn Internet chng ta cn phi bit v nhng h thng v hot ng ca website. Xy dng v qun tr website l yu t quyt nh thnh cng trong hot ng kinh doanh thi i Internet. Hin nay, s dng cng c ASP cho vic pht trin v lp trnh website rt ph bin v em li hiu qu r rt. Gio trnh Pht trin ng dng da trn nn web c bin son, nhm cung cp cho ngi hc nhng kin thc c bn v chuyn su v Internet v ng dng kinh t da tn nn web. Tc gi cng s gii thiu vi c gi nhng k thut c bn v ASP phc v cho vic thit k nhng ng dng da trn nn web. Gio trnh gm 3 chng: Chng 1, 2 i su tm hiu v ASP; Chng 3 i su vo mng phn tch v thit k nhng ng dng v xy4
dng chng s dng ASP. Cui chng c gii thiu mt s ng dng in hnh trong hot ng kinh t hin nay. Trong qu trnh bin son, chc chn cun gio trnh ny khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Nhm bin son rt mong nhn c nhng kin ng gp t pha cc thy c giao v cc em sinh vin. Gp , phn hi xin gi v: Khoa H thng thng tin Kinh t - Trng i hc Cng ngh thng tin v Truyn thng H Thi Nguyn. Gmail: [email protected] Trn trng cm n ! Thi Nguyn, thng 08 nm 2011 Tc gi
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Chng 1 GII THIU ASP Mc tiu
Gii thiu ngn ng ASP Ci t v chy ng dng ASP trn server IIS Cc c php cn bn VBScript Cc i tng c sn Thao tc vi Database trong ASP
1.1 Gii thiu ngn ng lp trnh web ng ASP Cc website thu ban u ch bao gm cc trang web tnh di dng cc file HTML, tt c nhng g cn hin th trn trang web th ngi thit k phi to sn trn trang . Cc trang web tnh c ui l .htm hoc .html Chng hn mun to mt trang web c hin th ch Hello vi mu ch ngi ta vit file index.html vi ni dung nh sau: index Hello Trang web sau s c lu trn Web Server. Khi ngi dng mun xem trang web ny h s dng trnh duyt gi mt yu6
cu n server bng cch g vo a ch URL v d : http://localhost/index.html Lc ny Web Server nhn c yu cu s tm trong kho d liu ca n trang web index.html tng ng ri gi v cho client, sau trang web ny s c hin th ra bi trnh duyt. l cch hot ng ca web tnh.
Hnh 1.1 Cch hot ng ca web tnh Trang web tnh tuy rt tin li nhng khng th p ng c mi nhu cu ca ng dng web, c bit l nhng yu cu tng tc gia client v web server. C nhiu tnh hung m ni dung trang web khng phi lc no cng c th son tho v lu tr sn c m i khi n cn c sinh ra mt cch t ng ty thuc vo ng cnh; hoc c nhng x l phc tp hn vic server ch n gin tr v trang html khi nhn c yu cu t ngi dng, v d nh phi thu thp thng tin m ngi dng gi ln qua URL hay form, hoc truy cp d liu trong database. Ly v d nu chng ta mun xy dng mt trang web Login.htm yu cu ngi s dng nhp tn username, sau khi submit web server s gi v ngi dng trang web Result.html c ni dung : Welcome username!
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D dng thy rng trang Result.htm khng th son tho sn c v ng vi mi username m ngi dng nhp vo, trang ny c ni dung khc nhau.
Hnh 1.2: Trang Result.html Ngha l cc trang web tnh khng c kh nng tng tc vi ngi dng. Trong thc t c rt nhiu trng hp chng ta thng gp trong th gii web i hi s tng tc m web tnh khng th gii quyt c ( chat, forums, web mail, trang tin tc, gi hng, thng tin thi tit tng ngy, t gi ngoi t hng ngy) gii quyt vn ny ngi ta s dng cc ngn ng lp trnh web h tr s tng tc gia client v server. Chng l nhng file c cha cc m lp trnh, c th to ra cc trang web ng, cho php tr v cho client trang web c ni dung c th thay i mt cch linh ng ng vi nhng ng cnh c th, thu thp v phn hi vi thng tin m ngi dng gi ln server (thng qua form hay URL), truy cp d liu trong database... Mt s ngn ng lp trnh web ng ph bin gm ASP, PHP, Java, .net ... ASP (Active Server Pages) l ngn ng lp trnh web c vit bi hng Microsoft, rt ph bin trn h iu hnh Microsoft Windows. Cc trang web vit bng ngn ng ny c phn m rng8
l .asp (v d HelloWorld.asp) thay v .htm hay .html. Ni dung file ASP v c bn rt ging file Html bnh thng, n bao gm cc c php html trn ln cc m lp trnh ASP (cn gi l cc script, c vit bng VBScript hay JavaScript). Cc Script trong ASP thc thi trn server. C th ni trang ASP l s kt hp cc th html, cc script v cc ActiveX Component. Script c th trn ln gia cc th html v nm trong cp du . 1.2 Web Server IIS Thng thng ngi ta dng ASP vi Web Server c tn l Internet Information Services (IIS) ca Microsoft. y l thnh phn c sn trong h iu hnh Windows 2000 hoc XP. Nu my tnh cha ci t th chng ta c th vo: Control Panel => Add/remove programs=>Add/remove Windows Components=>Internet Information Services (IIS) v chn ci t thnh phn ny
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Hnh 2.2: Ci t IIS 1.3 Ci t v chy ng dng ASP u tin bt u chy mt website vit bng ngn ng ASP u tin chng ta thc hin cc bc sau: Ci t web server IIS ( phn trn) v start IIS. Cu hnh cho website bng cch to Virtual Directory trn Web Server Vit cc file ASP v save vo th mc c cu hnh cho website trn Server Dng trnh duyt (nh Internet Explorer) trn client yu cu file ASP v hin th kt qu tr v. 1.3.1 Cu hnh cho Website trn IIS Sau khi start IIS mc nh web server s phc v a ch http://localhost.. Chng ta to mt th mc o (Virtual Directory) trn web server cha ng dng web, v d http://localhost/test y test cn c gi l Alias ca Virtual Directory ny. Vy lu tr10
cc trang ASP trn server trc ht ta s to mt Virtual Directory vi mt Alias v th mc tng ng ri upload cc file ASP vo th mc ny, sau truy cp cc trang ASP ny thng qua a ch http://localhost/Alias. Cch to mt Virtual Directory trong IIS: Vo Web Server t Control Panel=> Administrative Tools=>Internet Services Manager (hoc Computer Management)=> Default Website (nu thy n ang stop th start n ln) => New=> Virtual Directory (lm theo wizard, chn cc tham s Alias: tn Virtual Directory ca mnh v d test, Directory: th mc cha Website v d C:\Web).
Hnh 1.4 To Virtual Directory trn IIS Sau khi kt thc wizard ny chng ta c mt Virtual Directory sn sng trn web server. Hy save cc trang asp vo th mc c:\Web. a ch truy cp vo website trong trng hp ny s l: http://localhost/test/. Mt cch khc cng tng t v d thao tc hn l nhn chut phi vo th mc C:\web, chn Properties => Web sharing => Share this folder=> Add Alias.
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1.3.2 Vit cc file ASP Script c vit trong cp th , bt u bng th m Chng ta c th son trang ASP bng bt c chng trnh son tho no nh notepad, Frontpage, Dreamweaver... V d, to 1 file Hello.asp hin th li cho Hello ra mn hnh, save vo th mc c:\Web New Page 1 Cu lnh response.write s cho php hin th mt chui ra trang web. Ch thch trong lp trnh ASP c vit sau du nhy n M lp trnh ASP c vit trn ln gia cc th HTML. 1.3.3 Dng trnh duyt truy cp website M trnh duyt (v d Internet Explorer), trn thanh a ch g a ch sau y truy cp vo trang Asp ta to ra: http://localhost/test/Hello.asp12
Lu l trang asp phi chy trn web server ch khng th open trc tip vi browser nh cc trang html. Webserver x l nh th no khi ngi dng yu cu mt trang ASP: Khng ging nh html, khi ngi dng yu cu 1 trang html, web server s tm trong kho d liu v tr v file html browser hin th li pha client. Khi ngi dng yu cu 1 trang Asp, IIS server s chuyn trang ASP cho mt b phn x l gi l ASP engine. Engine s c m ngun file asp theo tng dng, thc thi cc script trong file. Cui cng file ASP c tr v cho ngi dng di dng mt trang html thun ty (khng cn m script) ging nh trang web tnh. Nu chng ta xem li m ngun ca trang ny trn browser th c th thy nhng on code asp trong file c dch thnh cc d liu html bnh thng.
Hnh 1.5 ASP engine x l file asp trc khi tr v cho browser
Hnh 1.6: Trang ASP sau khi thc thi tr v cho client di dng 1 trang web13
By gi chng ta quay li bi ton Login trn. Ta c th son tho mt trang Login.html v mt trang Result.asp nh sau: Login.html New Page 1 Username: Result.asp New Page 1 Mt s v d khc: Hin th ngy gi ca server New Page 2 Kt qu: 7/5/2005 12:21:57 PM Hin th nm v thng: Kt qu: Year: 2005 Month:7 1.4 Tm tt cc c php VBScript M lnh ASP c th vit bng VBScript hoc JavaScript (c thm ti liu v ngn ng ny). Cc script ca ASP thc thi trn server v nm trong cp du . Bn trong c th cha cc biu thc, hm, ton t, lnh hp l ca ngn ng Script tng ng. y chng ta tm hiu vn tt cch s dng ASP lp trnh web ng bng VBScript.15
1.4.1 Response.write gi ni dung v cho trnh duyt ta dng lnh Response.write hoc c th vit ngn gn hn 1.4.2 Bin Bin dng lu tr thng tin. Bin c phm vi cc b, nu n c khai bo bn trong 1 hm hay th tc th n ch c tc dng trong hm hay th tc , nu n khai bo trong phm vi ton trang ASP th tc dng ca n s c phm vi trong ton trang ASP, tuy nhin khng c tc dng trong trang ASP khc. V d trang Hello.asp ta c mt bin x c gi tr l 3, trang Index.asp ta dng lnh th s khng ra kt qa l 3 v bin x ca trang Hello.asp khng c hiu trong trang Index.asp. Tng t nh vy khi mt bin c khai bo trong 1 hm, s khng c tc dng bn ngoi hm . Bin c khai bo v s dng bn trong trang asp no dng n. Bin khng bt buc phi khai bo. Trong asp khng khai bo kiu ca bin. Asp s cn c vo vic s dng bin m quyt nh xem nn x l bin nh l kiu g. c th kim sot chnh xc mt bin theo kiu mnh mong mun, chng ta dng cc hm chuyn i kiu. nh ngha mt bin c phm vi s dng trong nhiu trang ASP ca ng dng Web, ta dng bin session v application (xem i tng session v application) 1.4.3 Mng Mng dng lu tr d liu theo mt dy cc phn t. 1.4.4 Ghp chui ghp cc chui vi nhau ta dng du & 1.4.5 Hm c sn VBScript h tr sn mt s hm c bn. V d hm nowsau y s tr v thi gian trn server 17
1.4.5.1 Cc hm chuyn i kiu Cc hm ny cho php chuyn i kiu d liu Cdate: Chuyn sang kiu ngy thng Cint: Chuyn sang kiu Integer Cstr: Chuyn sang kiu string Cc hm khc : Cbyte, Cdbl,CSng, Cbool, Ccur, 1.4.5.2 Cc hm format Cc hm ny cho php nh dng d liu FormatDateTime FormatCurrency FormatNumber FormatPercent 1.4.5.3 Cc hm ton hc: Int: ly phn nguyn ca mt s Cc hm khc : Abs, Atn, Cos, Exp, Fix, Hex, Log, Oct, Rnd, Randomize, Round, Sin, Sqr, Tan
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1.4.5.4 Cc hm thao tc vi chui Len: Ly chiu di chui Ucase, Lcase: Chuyn ch hoa thnh ch thng v ngc li Ltrim, Rtrim, Trim: ct b cc khong trng tha Left, Mid, Right: Ly mt chui con trong chui ln Cc hm khc: StrReverse,StrComp,InStr,Replace,Split,join Space,String,19
1.4.5.5 Cc hm ngy thng Date, Time, Now: Ly ngy, gi hin hnh trn server Cc hm khc:DateAdd, DateDiff, DatePart, Year, Month, Day, Weekday, Hour, Minute, Second 1.4.5.6 Cc hm kim tra: Cc hm ny cho php kim tra kiu ca bin v biu thc Isdate: Kim tra c phi ng kiu ngy thng khng? IsNumeric: Kim tra c phi ng kiu s khng? Cc hm khc: IsArray,IsEmpty,IsNull,IsObject 1.4.6 R nhnh 1.4.6.1 If Chng ta s dng if theo c php nh v d sau: 12 then Response.write Afternoon else20
Response.write Morning End if %> Hoc: 12 then Response.write "Afternoon" else Response.write "Morning" %> 1.4.6.2 Select case ... else ...End select Cu trc r nhnh trong trng hp c nhiu hn 2 la chn 1.4.7 Lp: 1.4.7.1 ForNext Vng lp c s ln lp xc nh 1.4.7.2 Do WhileLoop Vng lp c s ln lp khng xc nh Lu l include file c thc hin trc khi script chy. V vy on lnh sau y l khng hp l: 1.5 Cc i tng cn bn i tng l mt nhm cc hm v bin. Mt s i tng c xy dng sn v c th s dng ngay m khng cn khi to: Request, Response, Session, Application, Server. Mt s i tng cn khi to nu mun s dng Dictionary, Connection, Recordset...
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1.5.1 i tng Request Request v Response l 2 i tng c dng nhiu nht trong lp trnh ASP, dng trao i d liu gia trnh duyt v server. Request cho php ly v cc thng tin t client. Khi browser gi mt yu cu trang web ln server ta gi l 1 request Chng ta thng s dng cc lnh request sau: 1.5.1.1 Request.QueryString Cho php server ly v cc gi tr c gi t ngi dng qua URL hoc form (method GET). V d trang home.asp chng ta t mt dng lin kt sang trang gioithieu.asp vi th sau: Nhn vo y sang trang gii thiu bin tacgia c gi tr l Tran Van A c ngi dng gi ti server km theo URL. Server mun nhn li gi tr ny th dng request.QueryString trang gioithieu.asp
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Hnh 1.7: Cu lnh Request.QueryString Tng t nh vy nu ngi dng gi gi tr Tran Van A thng qua mt bin trong form v chn method GET 1.5.1.2 Request.Form Cho php server ly v cc gi tr c gi t ngi dng qua form (method POST). Chng hn file form.asp: 28
File xulyform.asp lm nhim v x l thng tin t Form ny s dng cu lnh request.form nhn li thng tin ngi dng g vo: response.write Tn ngi dng l: &x %> 1.5.2 Response i tng Response dng gi cc p ng ca server cho client. Chng ta thng dng mt s lnh Response sau: 1.5.2.1 Response.Write a thng tin ra mn hnh trang web V d a cu cho Hello ra mn hnh ta dng lnh sau: Hin th thi gian trn server ra mn hnh: hoc now l hm ly ngy gi h thng trn server 1.5.2.2 Response.Redirect Chuyn x l sang mt trang Asp khc. V d trang xulyform.asp sau khi kim tra form ng nhp thy ngi dng khng c quyn vo website th n s chuyn cho file Error.asp(file ny hin th mt thng bo li user khng c quyn truy cp) 1.5.2.3 Response.End Ngng x l cc Script. Dng lnh ny khi mun dng x l mt v tr no v b qua cc m lnh ASP pha sau. y l cch rt hay dng trong mt s tnh hung, chng hn nh debug li29
1.5.3 i tng Session Session l mt phin lm vic gia tng ngi dng v web server, n bt u khi ngi ln u tin truy cp ti 1 trang web trong website v kt thc khi ngi ri khi website hoc khng tng tc vi website trong mt khong thi gian nht nh (time out). Nh vy ti mt thi im mt website c bao nhiu ngi truy cp th c by nhiu phin ng vi mi ngi, cc phin ny c lp nhau. lu nhng thng tin tc dng trong 1 phin, ngi ta dng i tng Session, v d khi mt user bt u session vi vic login vo h thng, v user login cn c h thng ghi nh trong ton phin lm vic (nhm trnh vic ngi dng phi ng nhp li mi khi a ra mt request).Gi tr ca bin kiu session c phm vi trong tt c cc trang ASP ca ng dng, nhng khng c tc dng i vi phin lm vic khc. V d, s dng bin session sau y m s ln 1 ngi truy cp vo trang web: Home.asp session(x) i din cho s ln m mt user truy cp vo trang home.asp. Vi 2 ngi dng khc nhau th gi tr session(x) li khc nhau. Tht vy , A c th truy cp 10 ln (session(x) =10) trong khi B c th truy cp 2 ln thi (session(x) =2) Server kt thc v hy b i tng session khi: - Ngi dng khng triu gi cc trang ca ng dng hoc cp nht lm mi (refresh) li thng tin ca trang trong mt thi gian nht nh. Khi mt session ht thi gian hiu lc n s c xem nh ht hn s dng ,tt c cc bin lu trong session v bn thn session
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s b hy b. C th kim tra v tng gim thi gian Timeout ca Session tnh bng giy nh sau: - Trang ASP gi n phng thc Abandon ca Session . Vic khi to v kt thc 1 bin session c th vit trong cc hm s kin Session_OnStart v Session_OnEnd c nh ngha trong file global.asa 1.5.4 i tng Application Application i din cho ton b ng dng, bao gm tt c cc trang web trong website. lu tr nhng thng tin c tc dng trong ton ng dng, tc l c gi tr trong tt c cc trang asp v tt c cc phin, ngi ta dng i tng Application im khc ca bin application so vi bin session l session ch c tc dng i vi mi phin, cn bin application c tc dng vi mi phin. V d, m xem c bao nhiu ngi truy cp vo website, chng ta c th dng mt bin Application. Mi khi mt ngi dng mi truy cp vo website ta tng bin ny ln 1 n v ch rng c thm 1 ngi truy cp. Trang home.asp mun hin th s ngi truy cp ch cn in gi tr ca bin ny31
Vi 2 phin khc nhau th gi tr application(x) l nh nhau. Tht vy , A v B khi truy cp vo trang home.asp u thy: S ngi truy cp vo website l 3 (trong trng hp application(x) =3) vic khi to v kt thc mt bin application c th vit trong cc hm s kin Application_onStart v Application_onEnd c nh ngha trong file global,ase. Kha Application: Do bin application c th c dng chung bi nhiu phin nn s c trng hp xy ra xung t khi c 2 phin cng thay i gi tr mt bin application. ngn chn iu ny chng ta c th dng phng thc Application.lock kha bin application trc khi thay i n. Sau khi s dng xong bin ny c th gii phng kha bng phng thc application.unlock (xem v d sau). 1.5.5 File Global.asa File ny l file ty chn cha cc khai bo i tng, bin c phm vi ton ng dng. M lnh vit di dng Script. Mi ng dng ch c php c nhiu nht 1 file Global.asa, nm th mc gc ca ng dng. Ngi ta thng dng global.asa trong trng hp mun c nhng x l khi mt session bt u hay kt thc, mt application bt u hay kt thc, thng qua cc hm s kin : Application_Onstart : hm s kin ny xy ra khi ng dng asp bt u hot ng, tc l khi ngi dng u tin truy cp ti trang web u tin khi ng dng hot ng. Session_Onstart: hm s kin ny xy ra mi khi c mt ngi dng mi truy cp vo ng dng (bt u 1 session)32
Session_OnEnd: hm s kin ny xy ra mi khi 1 ngi dng kt thc session ca h Application_OnEnd: hm s kin ny xy ra khi ng dng dng. File Global.asa c cu trc nh sau: Sub
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Sub Session_OnStart Application("songuoi")=Application("songuoi")+1 Application.UnLock Session(solan)=0 End Sub Sub Session_OnEnd Application("songuoi")=Application("songuoi")-1 Application.UnLock End Sub Sub Application_OnEnd End Sub Home.asp
Application.Lock
Application.Lock
C ngi ang truy cp website Bn truy cp trang ny ln! 34
1.5.6 i tng Dictionary i tng Dictionary lu tr thng tin theo tng cp kha/ gi tr. N kh ging vi mng nhng c kh nng x l linh hot i vi nhng cp d liu c quan h kiu t in (cp kha/ gi tr v d nh : m Sinh vin/ tn Sinh vin), trong kha c xem l t cn tra v gi tr chnh l ni dung ca t tra c trong t in. Mun s dng i tng Dictionary chng ta phi khi to n: Mt s ng dng ca i tng ny nh dng m phng gi hng cha hng ha(shopping cart) vi cp kha/gi tr l :ProductID/Quantity (xem chng 2), s a ch vi cp kha/gi tr l: CustomerName/Address. 1.5.7 i tng Server i tng Server c dng truy cp cc thuc tnh v phng thc ca server .Ta thng dng 2 lnh sau: 1.5.7.1 Server.CreateObject khi to 1 i tng. V d:35
To mt i tng Connection: To mt i tng Dictionary: 1.5.7.2 Server.Mappath bin ng dn tng i thnh tuyt i. V d: S cho kt qu: C:\WEB\nhanvien.mdb trong trng hp file nhanvien.mdb nm trong th mc C:\WEB Ta thng p dng server.mappath trong nhng trng hp x l ng dn tng i, v d l chui kt ni vo database connstr="provider=microsoft.jet.oledb.4.0; data source="&server.mappath("nhanvien.mdb")&";" 1.6 S dng Database vi ASP Hu ht cc ng dng Web ng u lu tr d liu trong Database. V vy cc thao tc kt ni vo Database, xem, thm, sa, xa d liu trong cc bng l phn quan trng i vi cc ngn ng lp trnh web nh ASP. Chng ta s hc cc k thut s dng Asp thao tc vi d liu trong Database thng qua kin trc ADO. 1.6.1 Cc c php cn bn truy xut d liu t DB thao tc vi d liu trong cc bng ca DB, c 4 thao tc chnh vi cu lnh SQL tng ng nh sau: (Ly v d vi mt Database c th Quanlyhocvien.mdb, trong c mt bng HosoHocVien (MaHV:text, Ten: text)
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1.6.1.1 La chn Ly tt c cc bn ghi trong bng: Select * from HosoHocVien Nu la chn c iu kin: Select * from HosoHocVien where MaHV=10 Nu ch la chn mt s trng trong bng: Select Ten from HosoHocVien where MaHV=10 1.6.1.2 Thm d liu vo bng Insert into HosoHocVien values (001,Tran Van A) 1.6.1.3 Sa d liu Update HosoHocVien MaHV=001 1.6.1.4 Xo d liu Delete from HosoHocVien where MaHV=001 Chng ta c th s dng cc lnh SQL phc tp hn c c kt qu mong mun nh s dng cc lnh join, order by, group by, having... 1.6.2 i tng Connection i tng Connection cho php to kt ni n mt DB. Cc bc s dng Connection: Khai bo i tng connection Khi to To chui kt ni M connection vi chui kt ni trn S
set
Ten=Tran
Van
B
where
dng connection37
ng v Hy connection V d sau y kt ni n database Access QuanlyHocvien.mdb (database ny nm trong cng th mc vi file Asp) (chui stringconn= vit trn 1 dng, trong : data source = ch c mt du cch gia data v source, chui ny ch ng vi Access) 1.6.3 i tng Recordset i tng Recordset thng dng xem, thm, sa, xa cc bn ghi trong bng d liu ca Database. N tr n tp hp cc bn ghi l kt qu tr v t cu lnh select Cc bc s dng i tng Recordset :
ng connection
Set conn=nothing hy connection
Khai bo i tng Recorset Khi to To sql query M Recordset vi chui sql query v connection m S dng Recordset38
ng v Hy Recordset
V d sau y cho php ly cc bn ghi trong bng v hin th trang web. Chng ta c th kt hp gia script v th html d liu c hin th ra ngoi trang web vi giao din theo mun : MA HOC VIEN TEN 39
Sau y l v d hon chnh lit k cc user trong bng tblUser ra trang web: Connection.asp ListUser.asp IDUsernameAddress Thng thng ngi s dng nhp t kho cn tm kim vo mt trng ca form. nh vy ta ch vic dng lnh request.form ly li t kho cn tm kim v a vo cu lnh SQL trn. Chng hn ngi s dng nhp t kho cn tm vo trng Ten trong form th chng ta s m bng bng cu lnh SQL sau: Nu khng tm thy bn ghi no th gi tr rs.EOF s true. 45
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Chng 2 MT S TIN CH TRONG ASP Mc tiu
Tm hiu mt s tin ch: Registration Login v Logout Qun l User Qun l Product Shopping cart S dng ting Vit trong ASP
2.1 Registration Registration l module cho php mt khch vng lai ng k lm thnh vin ca website. Module ny gm mt form ng k thnh vin, 1 file asp x l form ny, insert d liu vo database. database c mt table tblUser cha danh sch cc thnh vin ca website
Hnh 2.1: Module Registration RegistrationForm.htm: trang ny cha form cho php ngi dng ng k. RegistrationProcess.asp: trang ny x l d liu t form trn, nu hp l th insert d liu vo database
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Ngoi ra, kt ni vo database chng ta vit 1 file connection.asp cha cc hm open v destroy connection ri include file ny vo cc file c nhu cu truy cp database. Trong Database cha table : tblUser
Hnh 2.2: Table tbluser Trang RegistrationForm.htm Registration Username: Address:
