ghepkenhso

8/14/2019 ghepkenhso

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CHNGCHNG 3:3:

GHGHP KNH SP KNH S(DIGITAL MULTIPLEXING)(DIGITAL MULTIPLEXING)


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MMC LC LCC1.1. GHGHP KNH PDHP KNH PDH

2.2. GHGHP KNH SDHP KNH SDH


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1. GH1. GHP KNH PDHP KNH PDH1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH SCP KNH SCPP

1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH THCCPP


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1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH S CP KNH S CPP

Nen LPF Lay mau i

Congcackenh

A/DMUX

Ma hoaNgo vao tn hieu

ng truyen1,544Mb/s

Giai nen LPF Chon D/A

DEMUX

Ma hoaNgo ra tn hieu

ng truyen1,544Mb/s

Kenh 1

Kenh n

Kenh 1

Kenh n

Bo chuyen oi baohieu

ong hotruyen

Bo chuyen oi baohieu

ong ho thu

Ngo vao bao hieu

Ngo ra bao hieu

ong bo khung/akhung

Thu FAW/ MFAW

Kenh 1

Kenh n

Kenh 1

Kenh n

PAM PCM

PCM

AMI

AMI

Khoi phucnh thi


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1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH S CP KNH S CPPa.a. HeHe thothongng PCM 24 (USA & JAPAN)PCM 24 (USA & JAPAN)

Bo ghep 24 kenh PCM


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Cau truc khung PCM 24 c phan bo nh sau


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a khung


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a khung T ma ong bo khung la 101010 at cac khung le. T ma ong bo a khung la 00111S at cac khung

chan. Bit S la tn hieu ch th canh bao he thong (alarm

signal) khi co s co mat ong bo. S= 1 he thongcanh bao (urgent alarm). Khi he thong ong bo

th khong canh bao hay canh bao khong khancap (non urgent alarm) S= 0 .

Bit th 8 trong khung 6 va khung 12 (bit A va B) c

ghep vao luong so lieu mang thong tin kenh bao hieu ech th cac chc nang nh nhac to hp, giai toa cuoc goi,quay goi so,


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1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH S CP KNH S CPPb.b. HeHe thothongng PCM 30 (Europe)PCM 30 (Europe)


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1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH S CP KNH S CPPb.b. HeHe thothongng PCM 30 (Europe)PCM 30 (Europe)Cau truc khung PCM 30 c phan bo nh sau


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1.1. GH1.1. GHP KNH S CP KNH S CPPb.b. HeHe thothongng PCM 30 (Europe)PCM 30 (Europe)a khung Trong he thong PCM-30, a khung la tap hp lien tiep

16 khung, k hieu t F0 en F15, trong moi khung o cokhe thi gian th 16 (TS16) c phan bo nh sau :

Khung F0 : TS16 co 8 bit tn hieu : Kenh truyen tn hieuong bo a khung,. Khung F1 : TS16 co 8 bit tn hieu :Kenh truyen tn hieu

bao goi cua kenh 1 va kenh 16. Khung F2 : TS16 co 8 bit tn hieu :Kenh truyen tn hieubao goi cua kenh 2 va kenh 17 cho en.

Khung F15 : TS16 co 8 bit tn hieu:Kenh truyen tn hieubao goi cua kenh 15 va kenh 30.


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPa.a. CCcc ccpp ccaa hh ththngng


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPb.b. CCcc cc iimm ccaa ttnn hihiuu PDHPDH Tn hieu can ong bo. Ghep luan phien tng bit ( bit-by-bit multip

lexing).

Viec ong bo thi gian (timing alignment) thongqua viec hieu chnh dng (positive justification)luan phien tng bit.

Moi mc ghep kenh co cau truc khung khacnhau. Bo ghep kenh khong yeu cau ong bo hoa cac

tn hieu vao.


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPb.b. CCcc cc iimm ccaa ttnn hihiuu PDHPDH Quan he pha gia khung va thong tin luong

khong c ghi nhan lai. Do o, khong the truyxuat trc tiep vao cac kenh rieng hiet cua tnhieu ghep. Viec truy xuat ch cho phep sau khiphan kenh hoan toan.

Trong suot qua trnh ghep kenh khong co song bo hoa cac tn hieu vao a va b.


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP

b.b. CCcc cc iimm ccaa ttnn hihiuu PDHPDHGhp knh PDH


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP

c.c. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 8 Mb/s8 Mb/sCau truc khung PDH 8 Mb/s (tieu chuan Chau Au)

c mo ta hnh di.Moi khung cha 848 bit va c chia lam 4 khung

phu, moi khung phu co 212 bit.Khung PDH 8Mb/s co chieu dai khoang 100 s.Ma ng truyen c la HDB3..


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP

c.c. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 8 Mb/s8 Mb/s


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP



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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP


1 11 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 0

C11C21

C31

C41

C12C22

C32

C42

C13C23

C33

C43

S1S2

S3

S4

Cj1 Cj2 Cj3 Sj

C11, C12, C13 = 1, 1, 1

C21, C22, C23 = 1, 0, 0

C31, C32, C33 = 0, 0, 1

C41, C42, C43 = 0, 0, 0

S1 IS A STUFFING BIT

S2 IS AN INFORMATION BIT



Hnh 2.28: S sap xep cua viec nhoi bit trong word


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP

d.d. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 34 Mb/s34 Mb/sCau truc khung 34,368 Mb/s co rat nhieu iem

tng ong vi bac 2.e co c kenh PDH bac 3 nay ngi ta thc hien

ghep kenh xen bit 4 kenh bac 2 nh vay ngo ra tase thu tong cong 120 x 4 = 480 kenh thoai.


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1.2. GH1.2. GH

P KNH THP KNH TH

CC

PP

d.d. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 34 Mb/s34 Mb/s


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPe.e. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 140 Mb/s140 Mb/s khung bac 4, so lng bit trong t ong bo khung

la 12 va so lng bit dch vu la 4 ch khong con la10 va 2 nh bac 2 va bac 3.

So lng khung phu cua khung PDH bac 4 cungnhieu hn, cu the la 6 khung phu.

Ma ng truyen la CMI ch khong phai la HDB3.


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPe.e. CCuu trtrcc khungkhung 140 Mb/s140 Mb/s


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPPe.e. NhNhcc iimm ccaa PDHPDH

Khng c tch hp chc nng qun lmng.

thc hin xen/rt hoc kt ni cho cnphi phn knh hon ton cn mt lngln thit b ci c, cn mt lng cp r t

ln kt ni, tn nhiu cng sc ci tv ti to cu hnh


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1.2. GH1.2. GHP KNH THP KNH TH CCPP

e.e. NhNhcc iimm ccaa PDHPDHGhp 2Mb/s 140 Mb/s


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e.e. NhNhcc iimm ccaa PDHPDHPhng php xen/rt

1 2 G C


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e.e. NhNhcc iimm ccaa PDHPDHPhng php kt ni cho


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2. GH2. GHP KNH SDHP KNH SDH

1.1. CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--11

2.2.

CC

U TRU TR

C KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM

--NN

3.3. NH XNH X TTN HIN HIU PDH VU PDH VO STMO STM--11


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11

a.a. CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--11

Tn hieu c ban trong SDH la STM-1, co toc otruyen 155,52 Mbit/s.

Tn hieu STM-1 co toc o bit thap nhat ccung cap cho ng truyen trong SDH


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11a.a.CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--11Khung STM-1 co 2430 byte, c tao nen dang hai

chieu gom 9 hang va 270 cot. o rong cua khung la125s, tng ng vi tan so lap lai cua moi khung la8000 Hz.


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11a.a.CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--11


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11a.a.CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--11


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11b. SECTION OVERHEAD (SOH)b. SECTION OVERHEAD (SOH)

KhoKhoii SOH 8SOH 89 byte9 byte baobao gogomm cacacc bytebyte cacann thiethiett chochodchdch vuvu,, chachangng hahann:: ttnn hiehieuu oongng bobo khungkhung,, cacacc bytebytephuphu ee giagiamm sasatt (supervision),(supervision), babaoo trtr (maintenance)(maintenance)

vava ieieuu khiekhienn (control). SOH(control). SOH cc phanphan lalamm haihai phaphannkhakhacc nhaunhau: RSOH (Repeater Section: RSOH (Repeater Section OverHeadOverHead)) vavaMSOH (Multiplexer SectionMSOH (Multiplexer Section OverHeadOverHead))


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11c. PAYLOADc. PAYLOAD

Cac tn hieu luong, cac tn hieu PDH co toc o gia 2Mbit/s va 140 Mbit/s, c truyen trong vung Payload9216 byte. Cac tn hieu nay c chen trong khoi

STM-1 theo dang c xac nh.


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2.1. STM2.1. STM--11d. Pointer (PTR)d. Pointer (PTR)

Quan he pha gia Payload va khung STM c ghilai trong Pointer, Pointer cho phep nh v tn hieuluong trong vung Payload. Do o, sau khi xac nh

Pointer, co the truy xuat vao mot kenh cua ngi sdung trong STM-1 ma khong phai phan kenh. Con troPTR (hang 4) c chia lam 3 nhom, moi nhom co 3

byte.

2 2 STM N


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNa.a.CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--NNCac tn hieu ghep SDH co toc o bit cao hn so vi

tn hieu STM-1, va at c bang cach ghep luanphien tng byte nhieu tn hieu STM-1.Chen byte cua N STM-1 c STM-N

Toc o bit cua STM-N = N 155,52 Mbit/sCau truc khung STM-N giong nh cua STM-1 chco iem khac la khung nay truyen N9270 byte

trong khoang thi gian 125s. N tn hieu c ban cchen luan phien tng byte theo cach ma 3 khoi SOH,Payload va PTR a c tao ra. (Xem hnh di).

2 2 S2 2 STM N


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNa.a.CCU TRU TRC KHUNG STMC KHUNG STM--NN

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNb.b.C TC TNH GHNH GHPP

Trong suot qua trnh ghep, cac byte luong trong khoi Payloadcua moi STM-1 c ghep luan phien tng byte e tao nen

vung Payload cua STM-N ma khong can bo nh em (withoutbuffering). Viec chen cac byte Overhead cua STM-1 cthem vao luong byte d lieu e tao cau truc khung STM-N.

Cac byte con tro PTR - cung theo cach chen byte - cung cchen vao v tr thch hp. Trong suot qua trnh ghep nay, v trcua tn hieu hu dung (useful signal) trong khung STM-N thay

oi theo v tr STM-1 goc tng ng vi o lech pha gia STM-1 va STM-N. Moi gia tr con tro do o phai c ieu chnhung theo o lech pha nay (hoat ong ieu chnh con tro).

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNb.b.C TC TNH GHNH GHPPQQaa trtrnhnh hihiuu chchnhnh concon trtr

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNb.b.C TC TNH GHNH GHPPKK thuthutt ghghpp modulemodule

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNb.b.C TC TNHNH GHGHP:KP:K thuthutt ghghpp modulemodule

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNc.c.NGNGU NHIN HU NHIN HA STMA STM--NN

Khi gi tn hieu STM tren ng truyen, no phai c

bao am rang tn hieu phai co u cac canh clock echo phep phuc hoi clock pha thu. Do o phai tranhtrng hp truyen mot chuoi dai cac bit "0 "hoac "1".

oi vi viec truyen tren cap ong truc thc te sechon ma ng truyen thch hp e truyen tn hieuien en may thu co the khoi phuc xung clock.

Ca STM-1 va STM- N co the truyen tren si quang.Viec ngau nhien hoa tn hieu ien la u e truyen tnhieu quang.

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNc.c.NGNGU NHIN HU NHIN HA STMA STM--NN

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNd.d.CCC THUC THUC TC TNH CNH CA TA TN HIN HIU SDHU SDH ong bo hoa mang truyen dan.

Ky thuat ghep kenh con tro (pointer). Co the hoat ong can ong bo neu can. Khi o viecong bo nh thi c ieu chnh thong qua viec

hieu chnh +/-/0 tng byte mot (byte-by-byte). Cau truc ghep kenh module Moi quan he pha gia khung va d lieu c ghi

nhan bang y ngha cua cac con tro (con tro d lieu).Do o viec truy xuat vao kenh nao o trong tnhieu ghep SDH co the thc hien da vao gia tr cua

con tro.

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNe.e. CCC U IC U IM SDHM SDH Toc o bit tren 140Mbit/s c tieu chuan hoa quoc

te lan au tien. Ma ng truyen quang c tieu chuan hoa; v

the, thiet b ng truyen co the tng thch bi

nhieu nha san xuat khac nhau. Mang SDH co the bao phu (overlay) mang PDHang ton tai.

Viec ghep kenh va phan kenh c n gian hoa. Cac bo ghep kenh xen/re (ADM) rat linh hoat va

giam gia thanh mang.

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNe.e. CCC U IC U IM SDHM SDH Cau truc module: toc o bit ghep c tao ra bang

boi so nguyen lan toc o bit c ban. Cau truc khungcua tn hieu ghep giong cau truc khung cua tn hieuc ban. Do o khong can phai nh ngha lai mot

khung mi nao ca. Co the truy xuat trc tiep vao cac luong bit bacthap hn.

So lng thiet b va gia thanh giam xuong.

2 2 STM2 2 STM NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNe.e. CCC U IC U IM SDHM SDH Co kha nang truyen tn hieu can ong bo ong bo. Co the ghep cac tn hieu PDH cua cac cap khac

nhau vao STM-1. Co the truyen cac tn hieu bang rong trong tng

lai. Co the chuyen oi trc tiep tn hieu ien sang tnhieu quang ma khong can phai s dung ma ng

truyen phc tap. Viec giam sat loi bit c thchien thong quakiem tra parity tren tng oantruyen khac nhau.

2 2 STM2 2 STM-NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNf.f. CCC NHC NHC IC IM SDHM SDH KyKy thuathuatt phphcc tatapp,, raracc roroii dodo phaphaii ghighi lalaii momoii quanquan

hehe

phapha

gigi

aa

ttnn

hiehie

uu

luoluo

ngng

vava

Overhead.Overhead.

DoDo nguonguonn gogocc SDHSDH lala cucuaa MyMy nennen momott vavaii khongkhongttngng ththchch coconn lalaii coco lienlien quanquan eenn vieviecc truyetruyenn cacacc

ttnn hiehieuu cacapp ChauChau AuAu.. VV dudu:: chch 3334Mbit/s34Mbit/s coco thethecc truyetruyenn trongtrong STMSTM--1,1, mamacc dudu dungdung llngngSTMSTM--11 coco thethe tataii 4434Mbit/s.34Mbit/s.

DungDung llngng STMSTM--11 coco thethe llnn hnhn cacann thiethiett.. KhoKho quiqui hoahoachch mamangng.. VieViecc hiehieuu chchnhnh ttngng bytebyte dandan eenn nhienhieuu JitterJitter hnhn

soso vvii hiehieuu chchnhnh ttngng bit.bit.

2 2 STM2 2 STM--NN


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2.2. STM2.2. STM--NNg.g. SO SSO SNH SDH VNH SDH V PDHPDH

2.3.2.3. NH XNH X TTN HIN HIU PDH VU PDH VO STMO STM--11


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2.3.2.3. NH XNH X TTN HIN HIU PDH VU PDH VO STMO STM 11

a.a. TTNG QUANNG QUAN


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2.3. NH X TN HIU PDH VO STM 1



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGContainer CTrc khi truyen trong khung STM, moi mau thong

tin luong, ong bo hoac can ong bo, eu cong trong cac container (Hnh 1.24).

T Container C mo ta dung lc truyen dan cua mangong bo. Kch thc container c tnh theo byte.Tong byte nay c cung cap moi 125 la dung

lng truyen dan cua container. Kch thccontainer c xac nh theo cac tn hieu can ongbo hien thi.



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGContainer CMot container bao gom:

- Thong tin luong thuan tuy (chang han tn hieu PDH).Cac byte va cac bit chen co nh (fixed stuffing) e ong bo

nh thi v container luon co toc o bit cao hn tn hieu

PDH Tc ay la qua trnh ieu chnh tn hieu PDH cho phuhp toc o container.- Cac bit hieu chnh c hoi e ong bo nh thi chnh xac.

Cac bit nay co the s dung lam cac bit luong (tributary bits)hoac bit hieu chnh (justification bits) khi can thiet.- Cac bit ieu khien hieu chnh (justification control bits) e

bao cho may thu biet bit c hoi hieu chnh khi nao la bitthong tin, khi nao la bit hieu chnh.



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGContainer o VC



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGContainero VCVC = C + POH

Chc nang cua POH:Xac nh ch en cua VC: POH mang thong tin phu bao am

viec truyen container co the tin cay t nguon tn hieu en

ch en. Trong ket noi cheo VC co the tm ng en chkhong ung.Giam sat loi cua VC bang cach s dung ma parity (BIP).

Mang thong tin trang thai e bao cho cac bo ghep kenh aucuoi biet la VC c trang b (ang mang thong tin -carrying traffic).

Truyen thong tin canh bao t iem VC c tao ra en iemau cuoi cua VC va ngc lai.



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGContainero VCCac loai VC: co hai ho VCVC c ban hay VC bac thap (LOVC - Lower-Order

Virtual Container).

VC bac cao (HOVC - Higher-Order VirtualContainer).Tat ca cac container c truyen trong mot container

ln hn c goi la container bac thap (LOC).LOVC: VC-11, VC-12, VC-2.HOVC: VC-3, VC-4.

Neu VC-3 c truyen trong VC-4 th VC-3 c xem laLOVC.



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGn V Quan Ly AU (Administrative Unit)AU = HOVC + AUAU = HOVC + AU--PTRPTRCac HOVC VC-3 va VC-4 c truyen trc tieptrong STM-1.

Viec truyen VC-3 co the trc tiep (AU-3) trong STM-1 hoac gian tiep thong qua AU-4. Trong trng hpsau, 3 VC-3 phai c chen trong 1 VC-4.



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGNhom n V Quan Ly AUG (Administrative Unit Group).

Nhieu AU c chen luan phien tng byte vi nhau

tao nen AUG. AUG la cau truc khung ong bo tngng vi STM-1 nhng cha co SOH. Neu SOH cuaSTM-1 c them vao AUG th tao nen STM-1.AUG = 1AU-4 hoac AUG = 3AU-3



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGn V Luong TU (Tributary Unit).Tr VC-4, tat ca cac VC eu c chen vao VC ln hn va

c truyen trong STM_1. Tong quat, pha cua cac VC nho hnco the c tha noi ben trong VC ln hn (HOVC). V ieunay ma phai thiet lap con tro e ghi lai moi quan he pha gia

hai VC vi nhau mot v tr co nh trong HOVC. TU c sdung e mo ta thanh phan OHVC ma trong o LOVC cgan con tro (TU-PTR).

Nh vay: TU = VC + TU-PTRVC-11 TU-11VC-12 TU-12VC-2 TU-2VC-3 TU-3



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b.b.CCC THUC THUT NGT NGNhom n V Luong TUG (Tributary Unit Group).Trc khi chen vao cac container cap cao hn, TU c to hp

trong mot nhom, tc chen luan phien tng byte. Mot nhom nhthe c goi la mot TUG. Co cac loai TUG sau: TUG-2, TUG-3.


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2.4. M2.4. MO O UU


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2.4. M2.4. MO O UU


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2.4. M2.4. MO O UU


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VC-4/VC-3 POH

2.4. M2.4. MO O UU


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VC-12 POH

CNH BO V P NG


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2.5. M2.5. MNG SDHNG SDH


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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE) Thiet b ng day ong bo SL (Synchronous Line

Equipment) Thiet b ghep kenh ong bo SM (Synchronous

Multiplexers)

He thong ket noi cheo ong bo SXC (Synchronous(X) Cross Connect System) Vo tuyen chuyen tiep ong bo SR (Synchronous

Radio Relay)



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SL:SL: ggmm SLTSLT vv SRSR



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SL:SL: ggmm SLTSLT vv SRSRSLTSLT



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SLRSLR



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SMSM ss ddngng nhnh::-- Add/Drop Multiplexer (ADM): SMAAdd/Drop Multiplexer (ADM): SMA

-- Terminal Multiplexer (TM): STMTerminal Multiplexer (TM): STM



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SMASMA



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SMASMA



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)STMSTM



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a.a. CCC PHC PHN TN T MMNG (NE)NG (NE)SXCSXC

3. LINE CODE3. LINE CODE


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3.1. T3.1. TNG QUANNG QUAN nn cccc ((unipolarunipolar)) vv llngng cccc (bipolar).(bipolar). KhngKhng trtr vv khngkhng (NRZ)(NRZ) vv trtr vv khngkhng

(RZ).(RZ).



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3.1. T3.1. TNG QUANNG QUAN YuYu ccuu:: KhngKhng cc cc ththnhnh phphnn dcdc

NngNng llngng ttpp trungtrung ttii ttnn ss ththppphphii nhnh SS llngng chuychuynn titipp qua zeroqua zero phphii

llnn ii vvii mmchch khikhi phphcc ngng bb ttiiphphaa thuthu

MM phphii mm bboo khkh nngnng gigiii mm ttoo

llii ttnn hihiuu thngthng tintin nhnh phnphn banban uu MM phphii bboo mm khkh nngnng nhnnhn llii

ththpp



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3.1. T3.1. TNG QUANNG QUAN YuYu ccuu:: MM nnnn bboo mm vivicc ttii thithiuu hoho ddii

thngthng MM nnnn bboo mm khkh nngnng phphtt hihinn

hayhay ssaa llii



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3.2.3.2. MM NRZNRZ



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3.2.3.2. MM NRZNRZ SS ddngng trongtrong cccc thithitt bb ((cccc mmchch logic)logic) CC ththnhnh phphnn DCDC

TTnn ss cc bbnn bbngng f clockf clock vv chch cc cccchoho ttnn ll ChuChuii ss 00 ddii khngkhng khikhi phphcc cc

clockclock KhngKhng cc khkh nngnng phphtt hihinn llii khngkhng ss ddngng llmm line codeline code ngongoii trtr

kktt hhpp vvii scramblingscrambling



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3.3.3.3. MM RZRZ



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3.3.3.3. MM RZRZ TngTng tt nhnh NRZNRZ nhngnhng ddii xungxung chchcncn mmtt nnaa

TTnn ss cc bbnn bbngng f clockf clock



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3.4.3.4. MM AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion code)AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion code)



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3.4.3.4. MM AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion code)AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion code) Bit 1Bit 1 lunlun phinphin dngdng vv mm khngkhng cc dcdc KhngKhng cc f clockf clock trongtrong phph.. KhngKhng phphcc

bbngng ccchch chuychuynn ii llii ddngng RZ banRZ ban uu phphaa thuthu CC khkh nngnng khikhi phphcc llii

KhKh khikhi phphcc clockclock nnuu chuchuii ss 00 ddii



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3.5.3.5. MM ADI (Alternate Digit Inversion code)ADI (Alternate Digit Inversion code)



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3.5.3.5. MM ADI (Alternate Digit Inversion code)ADI (Alternate Digit Inversion code) MMii haihai ss hohocc bitbit haihai bb oo ChuChuii ss 00 ddii khngkhng cncn


3 63 6 MM BNZS(BiBNZS(Bi N ZN Z S btit tiS btit ti d )d )


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3.6.3.6. MM BNZS(BinaryBNZS(Binary N ZeroN Zero SubtitutionSubtitution codes)codes)




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3.6.3.6. MM BNZS(BinaryBNZS(Binary N ZeroN Zero SubtitutionSubtitution codes)codes) LoLoii AMIAMI nhngnhng chuchuii ss 00 ddii khngkhng xxyy rara ChuChuii NN ss 00 ss cc thaythay thth

B3ZS:B3ZS: chuchuii baba ss 00 cc thaythay thth bbngng 00V00Vhay BOVhay BOV




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3.6.3.6. MM BNZS(BinaryBNZS(Binary N ZeroN Zero SubtitutionSubtitution codes)codes) HDB3:HDB3: ddngng chocho E1, E2, E3E1, E2, E31)1) MMii haihai bitbit bb oo chocho nn khikhi chuchuii llnn

hnhn baba bit 0bit 0 linlin ttcc xuxutt hihinn2)2) NNuu ss bit 0bit 0 vvtt ququ 3,3, thithitt llpp xungxungviviphphmm vv trtr thth 44

3)3) MMii xungxung vivi phphmm lunlun phinphin ss thaythay iiphnphn cccc.. NNuu lulutt nnyy khngkhng pp ddngngcc,, thithitt llpp 11 theotheo lulutt AMIAMI vv trtr 00 uu

tintin trongtrong chuchuii




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3.6.3.6. MM BNZS(BinaryBNZS(Binary N ZeroN Zero SubtitutionSubtitution codes)codes) HDB3:HDB3:BBngng chuchuii thaythay thth theotheo mm HDB3HDB3

a b c d e

Polarity of last

V pulse

Polarity of

preceding data

Number of B

pulses sincelast V pulse

Polarity of last

B pulse

Substitution

Sequence

+-+-

+--+

EvenEvenOddOdd

+--+

00 B00V+00+ B00V000 000V000+ 000V


3 73 7 MM M h tM h t


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3.7.3.7. MM ManchesterManchester

f 2f

AMPLITUDE

FREQUENCY

Hnh 2.18 Ma MANCHESTER

1 0 1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0 0


3 73 7 MM ManchesterManchesterDD tt Eth tEth t T kT k ii


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3.7.3.7. MM ManchesterManchester DDngng trongtrong cccc mmngng EthernetEthernet vv TokenToken--ringring Bit 0Bit 0 cc bibiuu didinn nnaa uu ll xungxung mm,,

nnaa sausau ll xungxung dngdng,, cncn bit 1bit 1 thth ngngccllii uu iimm:: khngkhng cc ththnhnh phphnn dc,dc, lunlun

lunglung cc chuchunn titipp gigiaa bitbit vv thth dd ddngngttchch ngng hh

NhNhcc iimm:: bngbng thngthng llnn hnhn cccc mm

khkhcc,, khngkhng cc khkh nngnng phphtt hihinn llii nhnhBNZS hay HDB3.BNZS hay HDB3.


3 83 8 MM CMI (Code Mark Inversion)CMI (Code Mark Inversion)


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3.8.3.8. MM CMI (Code Mark Inversion)CMI (Code Mark Inversion)


3 83 8 MM CMI (Code Mark Inversion)CMI (Code Mark Inversion)Bit 1Bit 1 l l hihi dd bit 0bit 0 tt


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3.8.3.8. MM CMI (Code Mark Inversion)CMI (Code Mark Inversion) Bit 1Bit 1 lunlun phinphin mm,, dngdng, bit 0, bit 0 cc mm ttnnaa uu mm vv nnaa sausau dngdng

DDngng chocho ttnn hihiuu E4E4 vv STMSTM--1e1e



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