Germination Sprouting of Seed (usually requires a little light – don’t burry too deep) Soften seed coat w/ water, digestive acids or fire Breakdown endosperm.

Germination Sprouting of Seed (usually requires a

little light – don’t burry too deep) Soften seed coat w/ water, digestive

acids or fire Breakdown endosperm to supply

sugars for cell respiration – requires oxygen

Growth of new shoot & root

Photosynthesis Light Dependent Reaction

Photon energy used to produce?

Photon energy used to split ? Into ?

Light Independent Reaction ATP energy combines the

H+ with ? To form glucose

Pollination: Self vs Cross

Flower anatomy: essential vs nonessential

pistil

Double FertilizationPollen: 2 sperm

Sperm + egg =

Sperm + polar bodies =

Seed & Fruit formation

LE 30-8

Tomato, a fleshy fruit with softouter and inner layers of pericarp

Ruby grapefruit, a fleshy fruitwith a hard outer layer and softinner layer of pericarp

Milkweed, a dry fruit that splitsopen at maturity

Walnut, a dry fruit that remainsclosed at maturity

Nectarine, a fleshyfruit with a soft outerlayer and hard innerlayer (pit) of pericarp

LE 30-9

Wings enable maplefruits to be easilycarried by the wind.

Seeds within berries and other edible fruits are often dispersed in animal feces.

The barbs of cockleburs facilitate seed dispersal by allowing these fruits to hitchhike on animals.

Dandelion seeds dispersed by wind

Roots

Fibrous Tap

Root Function

Root hairs

Anchor, absorb nutrients/water, store food

Stem Function

Xylem & Phloem

Tree Age

Girdled Trees

Leaf Function

Leaf functions Capture photon energy & convert to ATP

using chlorophyll Gas exchange using stomata Photosynthesis Transpiration

Transpiration: evaporation of water through stomata, cools plant. W/O loss of water at leaf no water would be absorbed at root (due to capillary action)

Leaf Abscission

Decrease in daylight decreases chlorophyll production. Cell death occurs. Prevents:

Carnivorous leaves

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktIGVtKdgwo

Vegetative Propagation

runners

tubers

bulbs

cuttings grafting

Phototropism:Growth toward light

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zctM_TWg5Ik

Growth hormone auxin moves to shady side of plant, increase growth on shady side

Geotropism Growth toward gravity

Moving from Water to Land Problems Adaptations

Obtaining water - roots

Obtaining gases - stomata

Preventing water loss - cuticle

Support: vascular tissue – xylem phloem

Reproduction sperm to egg?

LE 29-9d

Polytrichumcommune,hairy capmoss

Sporophyte

Gametophyte

Sporophyte

Bryophyteshttp://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/moss.html

Seedless Vascular

Ferns & Horsetails

Gymnosperms

Angiosperms: Flowering plants

http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/angiosperm.html

Monocots and Dicots