Geometry

DONE BYDONE BYSADIA SADIA

ZAREENZAREEN

POINTA position in space, has no size only

location

•D •B •N

D, B and N represent points

LINEContinues without end in opposite

directions

• • A B

AB represents a line

PLANE

A flat surface that extends in four directions

SEGMENT Part of a line made up of 2 points

and all the points of the line between the 2 points

• •D E

DE represents a segment

RAY Part of a line consisting of one

endpoint and all the points of the line on one side of the endpoint

F G

FG represents a ray

• •

A simple closed figures by joining three or more line segments is called polygon

POLYGON

It is a closed figure formed by joining three line segments . So , a triangle is a polygon .

The three line segments which form the triangle are called its sides .

TRIANGLE

A closed curve formed in such a way that any point on this curve is equidistant from a fixed point which is in the interior of the curve.

CIRCLE

It is a closed figure formed by joining four line segments called quadrilateral. So quadrilateral is a polygon. Different shapes of quadrilateral are shown below:

The four line segments which form a quadrilateral are called its sides.

QUADRILATERAL

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with opposite sides parallel (and therefore opposite angles equal). A quadrilateral with equal sides is called a rhombus, and a parallelogram whose angles are all right angles is called a rectangle. And, since a square is a degenerate case of a rectangle, both squares and rectangles are special types of parallelograms.

PARALLELOGRAM

RECTANGLE

The rectangle, like the square, is one of the most commonly known quadrilaterals. It is defined as having all four interior angles 90° (right angles).

SQUAREThe square is probably the best known of

the quadrilaterals. It is defined as having all sides equal, and its interior angles all right angles (90°). From this it follows that the opposite sides are also parallel.

• A square is simply a specific case of a regular polygon, in this case with 4 sides. All the facts and properties described for regular polygons apply to a square. 

RHOMBUS

A rhombus is actually just a special type of parallelogram. Recall that in a parallelogram each pair of opposite sides are equal in length.   With a rhombus, all four sides are the same length. It therefore has all the properties of a parallelogram. 

TRAPEZIUM

A trapezium is defined by the properties it does not have. It has no parallel sides. Any quadrilateral drawn at random would probably be a trapezium. Since it has no interesting properties beyond those of a quadrilateral, it is not used much in geometry. 

KITE A kite is a member of

the quadrilateral family, and while easy to understand visually, is a little tricky to define in precise mathematical terms. It has two pairs of equal sides. Each pair must be adjacent sides