GEOLOGICAL REMOTE SENSING ASSESSMENT REPORT on the …

LYNN GREXTON

GEOLOGICAL REMOTE SENSING ASSESSMENT REPORT

on the

DAVINCI 1 to 26 CLAIMS Tenure Numbers

(316812 to 316813.330418 to 330427, 3312ofito 331219)

located in the KAMLODPS MlNlNG DIVISION, B.C.

12,O 38’44”,,‘, 50’49’ 14”N, NTS 0921113E

owned by:

Lynn Grexton 920 East 28’” Avenue

Vancouver, B.C. V5V 2P2

by:

K.V. CAMPBELL, Ph.D., P.Geo., F.G.A.C.

June 25.2000

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ I

1.1. Location and Access ............................................................................................................ 1

1.2. Physiography and Vegetation .............................................................................................. 1

1.3. Claim Status ........................................................................................................................ .2

1.4. History .................................................................................................................................. 3

1.4.1. 1993-1994 (Grexton, 1994a) ........................................................................................... 3

1 .4.2. 1994 (Grexton, 1994b) .................................................................................................... 3

1 .4.3. 1996 (Grexton, 1996) ...................................................................................................... 3

I .4.4. 1998 (Grexton, 1998). ..................................................................................................... 3

2. REGIONAL GEOLOGY.. ........................................................................................................... .4

3. REGIONAL GEOPHYSICS ........................................................................................................ 5

4. REMOTE SENSING INVESTIGATION ...................................................................................... 6

4.1. Introduction.. ......................................................................................................................... 6

4.2. Method .................................................................................................................................. 6

4.3. Results .................................................................................................................................. 7

5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS .......................................................................................... 8

5.1. Comparison of interpreted Structure to Property Geophysics ........................................... .8

5.2. Structure and Mineralization ................................................................................................. 8

6. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 9

7. ITEMIZED COST STATEMENT .............................................................................................. 10

8. CERTIFICATE ......................................................................................................................... 11

9. BIBLIOGRAPHY ..................................................................................................................... 12

Lynn Grexton N

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3

Figure 4.

Figure 5.

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

Figure 8.

Figure 9.

Figure 10.

Figure 11.

Table 1 Summary of particulars for the DaVinci Claims .................................................. 2

Figures

follows page

Location Map.. ..................................................................................................... 1

Aerial View of DaVinci Claims ............................................................................. 1

Aerial View of DaVinci Claims showing Physiography ....................................... 1

Claim Plan ........................................................................................................... 2

Target Area and Exploration Model .................................................................... 3

Regional Geology ................................................................................................ 4

Regional Aeromagnetics ..................................................................................... 5

Landsat 7 ETM Panchromatic Band ................................................................... 6

Landsat 7 ETM Bands 64.3 ................................................................................ 6

Air Photo and Landsat ETM Lineament Compilation .......................................... 7

Induced Polarization Profiles .............................................................................. 8

Tables

Lynn Grexlon

1. INTRODUCTION

This report describes the results of a remote sensing study of the DaVinci Claims located in the Kamloops Mining Division of southwestern British Columbia. These claims, owned by Lynn Grexton of Vancouver, B.C., are currently being explored for their potential to host skarn and/or porphyry copper and gold mineralization. The objective of the study was to determine if information on the structural geology of the claims area could be derived from an analysis and interpretation of Landsat 7 ETM multispectral data. This work was complimented by an interpretation of aerial photographs.

1.1. Location and Access

The DaVinci Claims are situated about 19Okm northeast of Vancouver and 90km west of Kamloops, B.C. (Figure 1) within N.T.S. map sheet 921113E and the Kamloops Mining Division. They are located east of Pavilion Lake and northwest of Hat Creek. The property is centered at approximately 121” 38’ 44” W longitude and 50” 49’ 14” N latitude.

Access to the property is by Highway No.99N (Highway 97 to Lillooet) which runs around the southern side of the claims. A dirt road reaches the claims from the junction of Highway 99N with the Hat Creek road. The excellent accessibility and close proximity to infrastructure is illustrated in the aerial photograph of Figure 2.

A limestone quarry operated by Continental Lime of Calgary is adjacent to the western property boundary.

1.2. Physiography and Vegetation

The property is situated on the western margin of the Thompson Plateau, the most southerly plateau of the Interior Plateau. The plateau is characterized by gently rolling uplands of low relief, for the most part lying between 4,000 and 5,000 ft (1,000 and 1,500m). A thick mantle of Pleistocene covers large parts of the plateau.

Local relief on the DaVinci claims is from about 2,900 ft (860m) along Highway 99N to about 5,600 fl (1.700m) in the knolls at the north end of the claims.

A mixed forest of pine, spruce and poplar predominate. Vegetation density varies from open grassy areas with widely spaced pines to dense willow thickets.

The southeasterly flowing Two Spring Creek crosses the claims. The near parallel, northwest to southeast oriented drainage pattern on the claims is clearly controlled by bedrock trends, both lithology and structure. A crosscutting, northeast oriented fracture extending from the steep gully northwest of the limestone quarry to Two Spring Creek is marked by three or four alkali flats or clearings. The aerial photographs in Figure 3 show the local physiography.

Lynn Grexton 2

1.3. Claim Status

Table 1 summarizes the claim particulars and Figure 4 is a claim plan of the property. Lynn Grexton is the owner of all of the claims.

Table 1. Summary of particulars for the DaVinci Claims.

I Claim

Lynn Grexton 3

1.4. History

1.4.1. 19931994 (Grexton, 1994a)

The DaVinci claims were staked in 1993 over a prominent aeromagnetic anomaly in an area known to be underlain by Permian to Triassic carbonate. Work during this period consisted of rock and silt sampling and grid construction. This work identified pervasive siliciication and brecciation in the carbonate rocks. The silt sampling returned values to 6Oppb Au in a panned sample and up to 96ppm As, 13ppm Sb and i6ppm Bi in silt samples.

1.42. 1994 (Grexton, 1994b)

Field work consisted of extending the grid to a total of 25.1 line kilometers, rock and silt sampling, 24 line km of ground magnetic survey and 15 line km of electromagnetic survey.

The geochemical sampling revealed a weak enhancement of basemetals in volcanic rocks occurring within the carbonate rocks. Mercury values to 2400ppb also occur within some of the volcanic rocks and up to 820ppb Hg occurs in silidfied limestone. Samples with higher levels of As, Sb and Bi were of jasperoid. chalcedonic quarts-bearing brecciated marbles, chedy limestones and hematiied material.

The ground magnet& confimred the presence of a magnetic source at depth, some 2km in diameter and at a depth in excess of 1 km. Northwest striking, narrow volcanic bodies are interpreted from the ground magnetics to extend across the daims. These are estimated to be 25 to IOOm wide with a moderate to steep southwest dip.

The results of the VLF survey were inconclusive.

1.4.3. 1996 (Grexton, 1996)

The work consisted of some additional grid layout and a program of soil sampling with analysis by enzyme leach processing. The results of this work, interpreted by R.Clark of Enzyme-ACTLABS of Wheat Ridge, Colorado, indicate there is substantial geochemical evidence of mineralized bedrock on the DaViid claims.

1.4.4. 1998 (Grexton, 1998)

An induced polarization survey was conducted by Scott Geophysics over 6.45 line km of grid. Three separate zones of weak to moderate chargeability were outlined. These are an eastern zone with an apparent source of about 50m wide that may be a volcanic dyke. a central northwest trending zone of weak chargeability IOOm to 250m wide that could be a sulphfde skam and a western zone of low to moderate chargeability of unknown origin.

Figure 5 illustrates the aeromagnetic response over the Cache Creek carbonate and the geological model, which forms the basis for exploring the property.

Lym Grexton 4

2. REGIONAL GEOLOGY

The regional geology is shown in Figure 6. from Schiarizza and Church (1996) based on work by Monger and McMiilan (1964) and Monger (1969).

The DaVinci claims are situated on the eastern margin of the Cache Creek Terrana. The rock units of this terrane have an oceanic affmity and consist of Lower Carboniferous to Middle Jurassic radiolarian chert, argillite, masses of shallow water carbonate, basalt, gabbro and alpine- type ultramafc rocks.

In southern B.C. the Cache Creek Terrane is subdivided into an eastern Bonaparte Subtwrane, a central Marble Range Subterrane and a weshxn Pavilion Subterrane (Gabrielse and Yorath. 1992).

The Bonaparte Subterrane is represented by a melange of highly disrup!ad radiolarian chert and carbonaceous argillite with blocks of ultramafic material. Units PTrCCE and PRrCCeu of Figure 6 are part of this subterrane.

The central Marble Range Subterrane, which underlies most of the DaVind daims. consists of massive crinoidal. fusulinid and algal calcarenite of the Marble Canyon Formation of the Cache Creek Group (Unit PTrCCM of Figure 6). This formation is about 300m thick and contains minor mafic flows, volcaniclastics and argillite. Fossils from the main mass of carbonate are of mid- to early Late Permian.

The western Pavilion Subterrane is underlain by argllite, siltstone. radidarian chert and local volcanics (Unit PJCC of Figure 6).

Along the east side of the Cache Creek Group rock units shown in Figure 6 have been overlapped by Cretaceous sandstone, conglomerate and shale. South of the main mass of carbonate underlying the DaVinci claims lies the Hat Creek Basin which extends southwards along the Hat Creek valley. It is filled with Eocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Kamloops Group. There is also an outlier of Kamloops Group volcanics north of the DaVind claims.

The Lower Jurassic Mount Martley granodioritic stock intrudes the central Marble Range Subterrane south of Highway 99N. A similar body is interpreted to underlie the DaVinci claims and considered to be the causitiie body for the strong airborne magnetic anomaly there.

Major structures in the area are the north trending faults or fault zones separating the Bonaparte and Marble Range Subterranes and the structure(s) along which the alpine-type serpentinites occur. The Hat Creek Basin also appears to be controlled by north trending faults. While not mapped as such, there is also clear evidence in the drainage pattern for a conjugate fractun? system of northwest and northeast trending fractures.

3. REGIONAL GEOPHYSICS

Figure 7 shows the regional aeromagnetics of the area, from data collected by the Geological Survey of Canada over the period 1966 to 1972. The original profile data of the residual magnetic% leveled with surrounding surveys, has been gridded to 50m cells using an inverse distance weighted algorithm.

The area shown in Figure 7 is characterized by two north-south to north-northwesterly trending belts of relatively high magnetics and an intervening area of generally lower values. The DaVinci property lies in the latter, intermediate belt. The westernmost belt of magnetic highs corresponds to Lower Jurassic granodiorites, including the Mount Martley stock. The eastern belt of high magnetics is correlated with the eastern Bonaparte Subterrane, a melange of volcanics, ultramafics and associated rocks.

The magnetic anomaly over which the DaVinci claims were staked is a prominent magnetic high, in excess of 400nT above the background values over the Marble Canyon Formation. Its size is approximately 4.8km east to west and 6.4km north to south. The depth from the half width is estimated to be about IOOOm.

4. REMOTE SENSING INVESTIGATION

4.1. Introduction

A remote sensing study utilizing Landsat 7 imagery was performed on the DaVinci claims. The objectives of this study were to determine if structures could be identified and if so, what significance could be made of their configuration or pattern. This work was supplemented by an interpretation of aerial photographs,

The scene of Landsat 7 data used for the study was acquired on September 14, 1999. Landsat 7 has the advantage over Landsat 5 in that it includes a panchromatic band (0.52 to 0.90um) with 15m resolution.

Both black and white and color aerial photographs were used to supplement the study. The black and white photos, approximate scale of 1:40.000 are dated September 1, 1976 and the color photos approximate scale of 1:20.000, are dated 1993.

4.2. Method

The full scene of Landsat data was rectified using 150,000 scale topographic maps and re- coordinated in NAD83, UTM Zone 10.

The 15m panchromatic ETM band 8 is shown in Figure 8. This data is used in conjunction with the air photos for terrain mapping. Many of the geomorphic lineaments identified in the work were perceived on this image.

A number of band combinations, ratios and principal components were made in order to assess the cover types and the potential for the imagery to differentiate lithologies and search for possible alterations. Figure 9 is a color composite of TM bands 5,4.3 (RGB) of the study area, a good overall composite for general purposes. The composite has been enhanced for structural analysis with edge filters

Primary coniferous forest cover in the TM543 color composites is shown by the dark green hues. Leafy green vegetation along the drainage courses and in the alpine areas are shown by the lime to yellow green hues. Bare outcroppings are shown by magenta hues, Water is shown by black.

Conventional feature analysis and interpretation procedures are followed in working with Landsat imagery Two factors are considered: the spectral aspects (relative brightness and color combinations) and the spatial aspects (distribution of data groups). Analysis of imagery is concerned only with the spectral aspects. In contrast, interpretation is the explanation of the meaning or significance of any part with respect to the whole and relates to both spectral and spatial aspects of the data as well as their relevance to the sumcial conditions which they reflect or the subsurface relationships which they are imposed upon, Image interpretation (in the current study) is the identification of geologically correlated elements of landscape: namely landform, drainage and cover patterns, according to the spatial aspects.

Cover patterns are determined by spatially related spectroradiometric groups of data that relate to the reflective properties of surficial materials (vegetation, soil, rock, etc.). The topographic position of these patterns is not a necessary parameter in establishing their presence or boundaries. Geologic materials and/or conditions can be inferred by direct or indirect evidence.

Landform patterns are determined by spatially related spectroradiometric groups of data that relate to topographic conditions of the landscape without respect to the materials present. In the manual interpretive technique, familiar to any air photo interpreter, these boundaries are usually determined by a change in slope or alignment. The objective is to classify an area into terrain

Lynn Grexlon 7

“nits, based on landform shape, size, drainage density. etc.. the premise being that an area of similar landfonn infers similar resistance to surficial agents of erosion and/or to the competence of geologic materials.

Drainage is a special condition of landform; that being the line(s) of lowest landform per unit area. There are three important factors in assessing drainage; pattern. density and gully shape. Landsat imagery can evaluate and compare the first two of these up to scales of 1:25,000 but gully shape can only be assessed in a general way.

Lineaments are mappable simple or composite linear features which may be geomorphic (caused by relief) or tonal (caused by reflectance contrasts). Their inference is dependent upon various assumptions. Geomorphic lineaments may be landforms, linear boundaries between different types of terrain or breaks within uniform terrain. Tonal lineaments may be a straight boundary between areas of contrasting tone or a stripe against a background of contrasting tone. Differences in vegetation. moisture content, soil or rock type or land-use practices account for most tonal contrasts.

The types of lineaments delineated in this study were linear segments of large valleys, linear depressions (mostly linear drainage segments), linear ridges, linear bases of steep slopes, linear concave breaks in the slope and tonal lineaments.

4.3. Results

The results of the air photo and Landsat image analysis are shown Figure 10. There are three prominent trends; northwest, northeast and north-northwest.

The northwest trends are largely bedding traces in the limestone and this can be verified on the bluffs in the center of the claims. In the limestone quarry the beds strike 320” and dip steeply southwest whereas along the eastern side of the DaVinci claims the bedding dips at moderate angles to the northeast. The axis of an anticline is considered to lie more or less along the drainage that crosses the claims, about 2km northwest of the highway (Figure 10). In the area on the air photos examined, which extended from the junction of Highway 99N with the Hat Creek road 1Okm to the northwest, the only place where the bedding traces are deflected from the northwest trend is on the arcuate bluffs in the center of the claims where the beds dip to the east- northeast. This deflection is also expressed in the course of Two Spring Creek.

The northeast trends mark fracture traces. In one case they clearly mark a fault line which extends across the bedded limestone from near the highway south of Pavilion Lake towards the center of the claims. This trace is terminated by a strong, northwest trending lineament along the lower part of Two Spring Creek.

One of the main reasons for examining the Landsat and air photos was to determine whether or not any patterns could be distinguished that are indicative of a buried intrusion. There is circular feature expressed in topographic elements. This feature is approximately 3km in diameter and centered near the intersection of northwest and northeast interpreted faults and at the southern end of the limestone bluffs. There are a number of arcuate watercourses and associated bluffs along the southwest side of Robertson Creek north of the claims. These are due to cross jointing and erosion of a easterly dipping slab of limestone and not considered to be unusual.

It is concluded that the pattern of lineaments on the DaVinci claims can be used as supporting evidence for a buried intrusion in the limestones and that the dimensions of this body approximate that estimated from the regional aeromagnetics.

5. DISCUSSlON AND CONCLUSIONS

5.1. Comparison of Interpreted Structure to Property Geophysics

Chargeability and resistiiily profiles from the pole-dipole induced polarization survey completed in 1998 and interpreted by L. Lebel of Orequest Consultants have been overlain onto an airphoto mosaic of the area in Figures 1 la and 11 b. These are also shown in Figure IO.

The trend of the East anomaly is subparallel to topographic lineaments in that area and to the north-northeast trending bluffs of limestone where they have been warped, folded or disrupted from their more typical northwest trend. The West and Central anomalies also appear subparallel to the northwest striking limestone beds there. The consideration is that the IP anomalies are controlled by stratigraphy to some extent.

5.2. Structure and Mineralization

From a structural point of view the most favorable place for mineralization related to a buried, plug or sub-circular, granodioritic intrusive hosted by limestones would be near the center of the intrusive’s roof. Any structures crossing the body could also have controlled mineralization and one would usually explore these areas.

Lineament trends in the local area represent bedding or unit traces, fractures and faults. The bedding of the limestone strikes northwest and dips to the northeast. There are probably some near vertical master fractures with the same strike. There is also a set of strong northeast trending lineaments. one of which marks a fault trace extending from north of the limestone quarry to the center of the DaVinci claims. A circular geomorphic feature, expressed by breaks in the slope, watercourses and bluff alignment, is centered on the claims. This anomalous geomorphic feature, not observed elsewhere along the Marble Range, is interpreted to be caused by vertically driven tectonics related to an intrusion.

The DaVinci claims are uniquely situated over what is believed to be a buried granodioritic intrusive of Lower Jurassic age. The center of the body is approximated by a strong magnetic anomaly. The intrusion could be related to what is considered to be a deflection in the strike of the bedding of the overlying limestone. Furthermore, the intersections of what are interpreted as fracture zones (one a southwest trending fault, the other a northwest trending fracture zone) with both the magnetic anomaly and with a circular geomorphic feature are crudely coincidental. This location lies on the eastern side of the DaVinci 1 claim, near the confluence of Two Spring Creek and an unnamed creek joining it from the northwest and at the southern end of the limestone bluffs there.

It is of some interest that this is the same genera area where earlier work (Grexton, 1994b) reported hematized breccias, chalcedonic quartz fillings, hematite-limonite-manganese fracture fillings and anomalous Hg values.

Lynn Grexlon 9

6. RECOMMENDATIONS

A limited diamond drill program is strongly recommended to test the magnetic anomaly near the center of the circular geomorphic feature where it is intersected by a northeast fault and northwest fracture zone.

Respectfully submitted,

7. ITEMIZED COST STATEMENT

One full scene Landsat 7 ETM digital data Mineral title records Digital topographic data (NTDB) Aerial photographs (27) Digital scanning 16 @ 65 Remote sensing processing and analysis:

K.V. Campbell; 20 hours @ $lOO/hour Data compilation, database construction, map preparation:

K.V. Campbell: 50 hours @ $50ffnur Technical and secretarial; 24 hours @ $251hour

Report preparation: K.V. Campbell; 22.25 hours @ 5100/t1our

Data archiving and reformatting Couriers, communications CD transcriptions: 3 f@ $25

5 953.49 S 69.56 $ 715.62 $ 296.18 $ 240.00 $2,000.00

5 2,500.oo

$ 600.00

$2.225.00

$ 500.00 $ 45.00 $ 75.00

Total: $10,220.05

Lynn Grexlon II

8. CERTIFICATE

I, KENNETH VINCENT CAMPBELL, resident of North Vancouver, Province of British Columbia, hereby certify as follows:

1, I am a geologjst employed by ERSi Earth Resource Surveys Inc., 427 St. Andrew Ave., North Vancouver, British Columbia.

2. I graduated with a degree of Bachelor of Science, Honours Geology, fmm the University of British Columbia in 1966, a degree of Master of Science, Geology, from the University of Washington in 1969. and a degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Geology, from the University of Washington in 1971.

3. I have practiced my profession for 34 years. I am a Fellow of the Geological Association of Canada (FO078) and have been a member of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia since August 1 l*. 1992.

4. This report, dated June 25”, 2000 is based on my understanding of the geological setting of the DaVinci mineral claims, Kamloops Mining Division, B.C., and an examination of satellite imagery and aerial photographs.

Dated at North Vancouver, Province of British Columbia This 25” day of June, 2000

June 25”. 2000

Lynn Grexlon 12

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Gabriel%, H. and Yorath, C.J. (editors), 1992; Geology of the Cordilleran Orogen in Canada; Geology of Canada, No. 4, Geological Survey of Canada,

Grexton. P.L.. 1994a; DaVinci Property, Preliminary mapping, sampling end grid construction: July 1994, 6pp.

Grexton, P.L., 1994b; DaVinci Property, Ground magnetics, electromagnet& geology and geochemistry; November, 1994. Ilpp.

Grexton. P.L., 1996; Davinci Property, Soil geochemistry; November, 1996; 4pp.

Grexton, P.L., 1998; Davinci Property, Induced polarization survey; July 1998, 6pp.

Holland, S.S.. 1964; Landforms of British Columbia, British Columbia Department of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Bulletin No. 48. pp. 39-40.

Journeay, J.M. and Williams, S.P., 1995; A window on Cordilleran Geology; Geological Survey of Canada; Open File 2948.

Monger, J.W.H. and McMillan. W.J., 1984; Bedrock geology of Ashcroft (921) map area, British Columbia; Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 980.

Monger, J.W.H., 1989; Geology, Ashcroft, British Columbia; Geological Survey of Canada, Map 42-l 989, sheet 1, scale 1:250,000.

Schiarizza, P. and Church, N., 1996; Geology of the Thompson - Okanagan, B.C. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Resources, Open File 1996-20 (East Part)