GEOLOGICAL MODELING AND HYDROCARBON RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION OF MESSINIAN SEQUENCES IN WEST DIKIRNIS FIELD, ONSHORE NILE DELTA, EGYPT BY AHMED ABD EL-MONEIM AHMED IBRAHIM KANDEEL (B. SC. & M. SC. IN GEOLOGY) THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF PHILOSOPHY OF DOCTORATE IN SCEIENCE IN GEOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY FACULTY OF SCIENCE CAIRO UNIVERSITY CAIRO 2012
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GEOLOGICAL MODELING AND HYDROCARBON
RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION OF MESSINIAN
SEQUENCES IN WEST DIKIRNIS FIELD, ONSHORE
NILE DELTA, EGYPT
BY
AHMED ABD EL-MONEIM AHMED IBRAHIM KANDEEL
(B. SC. & M. SC. IN GEOLOGY)
THESIS
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF PHILOSOPHY OF DOCTORATE IN SCEIENCE
IN GEOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY
FACULTY OF SCIENCE
CAIRO UNIVERSITY
CAIRO
2012
APROVAL SHEET FOR SUMISSION
Thesis Title: Geological Modeling and Hydrocarbon
Reservoir Characterization of Messinian
Sequences in West Dikirnis Field, Onshore
Nile Delta, Egypt
Name of candidate: Ahmed Abd El-Moneim Ahmed
This thesis has been approved for submission by the
supervisors:
1- Prof. Dr. Mohamed Darwish Mohamed Salem
Signature:
2- Prof. Dr. Abd El-Moneim Ahmed El-Araby
Signature:
Prof. Dr. Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Hemdan
Chairman of Geology Department
Faculty of Science- Cairo University
85
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author wishes to thank Prof. Dr. Mohamed Darwish, Professor
of Petroleum Geology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, for his
supervising, constant help and guidance during the progress of this work.
The author is grateful to Prof. Dr. Abd El-Moneim Al-Araby,
Professor of Sedimentology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, for
supervising this work, and his constant guidance and support during the
progress of this work covered by the present thesis.
Deepest gratitude and appreciation is due to Geol. Mohamed Kassem,
Geology General Manager, for his continuous help and advice during the
practical work.
The author is indebted to Eng. Ahmed El Hawary, Chairman of Qantara
Petroleum Company for his continuous support and to Exploration
Manager, for wire-line logs, samples and data provided.
Special thanks with great debt of appreciation and gratitude are due to my
father and mother for their continuous encouragement.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT
Nile Delta is one of the most famous deltas in the world and also
considered as well as a unique and very important hydrocarbon province in Egypt.
Its potentiality is concentrated in the different Tertiary sedimentary facies. In the
present study, the depositional setting of the principal productive reservoir in the
southern onshore part of the province (Messinian Qawasim reservoir) and the
reservoir facies types were identified and evaluated in order to improve our
understanding of the reservoir behavior. Sedimentological analysis of the
Messinian Qawasim clastics indicated a deposition in a deltaic environment.
During this time, the Mediterranean Region is characterized by a sharp drop in sea
level (Messinian Salinity Crisis) which was accompanied by severe excavation of
the Proto-Nile drainage systems.
West Dikirnis Field is located in the southern part of El Mansoura
Concession - onshore Nile Delta. Exploration of this field added an additional play
concept for gas, condensate and oil prospecting in onshore Nile Delta area.
Stratigraphic sequence represents the normal succession in the southern part of the
region. Production testing of the Messinian reservoirs in the field had been done
through six wells between years 2005 and 2007.
Qawasim Formation in West Dikirnis Field was frequently discriminated
into three complete depositional cycles namely from base to top A, B and C
accompanying the relative sea level oscillations. Each depositional cycle consists
of a lower sandstone reservoir (Unit R) and an upper shale barrier (Unit B).
Lithofacies analysis using core samples and wireline logs revealed six lithofacies
types, labeled (F1 to F6) based on their lithological aspects, grain size distribution
and sedimentary structures; Lithofacies F1 is Conglomeratic Massive Sandstone,
Lithofacies F2 is Massive Sandstone, Lithofacies F3 is Laminated Sandstone,
Lithofacies F4 is Silty Laminated Sandstone, Lithofacies F5 is Laminated Siltstone
and Lithofacies F6 is Laminated Mudstone.
It is found through the analysis carried out on Qawasim Formation that the
reservoir quality variation through the different reservoir lithofacies primarily
reflects grain size differences. The highest porosity and permeability occur in the
coarser lithofacies. Deterioration of reservoir quality is recorded in decreasing
order from sandstone lithofacies types (massive, laminated and silty laminated) to
conglomeratic sandstone to siltstone (laminated type) and finally to mudstone
(laminated type). The later lithofacies type is considered as a flow barrier.
CONTENTS
Chapter Page
I. INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………….… 1
I.1. Area of Study ………………………………………………….…… 1
I.2. Exploration History ……………………………………………….... 3
I.3. Aim and Purpose of Study ……………………………………......... 5
I.4. Data, Material and Methodology ……………………………........... 6
II. GEOLOGICAL SET-UP OF THE NILE DELTA …………………... 7