Geography of Tiruchirappalli

SUBMITTED BY,S.JULIAT,2ND M.Sc., GEOGRAPHY,BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY.

GEOGRAPHICAL INTRODUCTION OF TRICHIRAPPALLI(Trichy)

Click icon to add pictureINDIA

*INTRODUCTION:*Tiruchirappalli (tiruchirāppaḷḷi) ( Trichinopoly in English),

also called Tiruchi or Trichy, is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli District.

* It is the fourth largest municipal corporation and the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state.

LOCATION:*TIRUCHIRAPPALLI district is situated almost at the geographic central point of the state Tamil Nadu.

*The district lies between 10° 48' 18’’of northern latitude and 78° 41' 8.16’’eastern longitude.

*Tiruchirappalli is the fourth most populous city of Tamil Nadu. * It is situated in the center of the state, on the banks of the cauvery River.

Etymology: *The name of the town, "Tiruchirappalli", originated as a tribute to a Jain monk called "Chira". (Thiru in Tamil means respected) .*There is also a belief that Tiruchirappalli was named after a three headed demon "Trishira" (the son of Ravana) who performed penance at the temple here and obtained boons here.*"Chirapalli" is a compound of siram - head, palli - to sleep.It is a reference to the deity Sriranganathaswamy who is depicted at rest with his head in a slightly elevated position in the Srirangam Temple, Tiruchirappalli.

*AREA AND POPULATION:i. Area (Sq. Km.) 4,403.83

ii. Population 2001 Census -24,18,366

a. Male Population 12,08,534 b. Female Population 12,09,832 c. Rural Population 12,79,204d. Urban Population 11,39,162

iii. Density (Sq. Km.) 549

iv. Literates 16,73,478

v. Main Workers a. Total Workers 10,64,521 b. Male Workers 6,87,814

c. Female Workers 3,76,707 d. Rural Workers 6,71,320

e. Urban Workers 3,93,201 f. Cultivators 2,03,874g. Agricultural Laborers

2,45,875h. Household Industry 36,676i. Other Workers 4,41,363

j. Marginal Workers 1,36,733

vi. Non-Workers 13,53,845

*BOUNDARIES OF TRICHY: *Trichy is bordered on the-

north : Salem District, northeast : Perambalur District, east : Thanjavur District, southeast : Pudukkottai District, south : Sivaganga and Madurai districts, southwest : Dindigul District, west : Karur District and northwest : Namakkal District.

*TOPOLOGY :*The topology of Tiruchirappalli is almost flat with a few

isolated hillocks rising above the surface, the highest of which is the Rockfort.* The average elevation is 289 feet (88 m).

*Area: 4511 square kilometers.

* The city is situated at the head of the Cauvery Delta which commences 16 kilometers west of Tiruchirappalli  where the Cauvery River branches into two streams forming the island of Srirangam.

SRIRANGAM ISLAND:

CONTINUED..*A belt of cretaceous rock known as the Trichinopoly Group lies to the north of the city and it is joining to another belt of cretaceous rock known as the Ariyalur Group. 

*Both the northern and southern corners of the Trichinopoly Group rests on a layer of gneiss (metamorphic rock).

Civic amenities:*The city gets its drinking water supply from five headworks on the Cauvery River and 1,470 bore wells linked to 60 service reservoirs in and around the city.* There are a total of 286 slums in Tiruchirappalli with a population of about 162,000.

*CLIMATE:*Tiruchirappalli experiences a tropical savanna climate—designated under the Köppen climate classification—with no major change in temperature between summer and winter.*The climate is generally characterised by high temperature and low humidity.* According to a popular saying, the climate of Trichirappalli is "eight months hot and four hotter.“*Fog and mist are very rare occurrences in the district.* Average annual rainfall : 722.6 mm.*The maximum temperature : 37.2 degree C .*Minimum temperature : 20.6 degree C.

*DIVISIONS(ADMINISTRATIVE):Trichy city is divided exclusively into four partitions

primarily for administrative purposes. The administrative divisions are:

Srirangam Ariyamangalam Golden Rock and Abhishekapuram.

*The city along with suburban areas such as :  Pappankurichi,Thiruverumbur, Krishnasamudram, Thuvakudi, Navalpattu, Manachanallur and Bikshandarkoil form the urban agglomeration of Tiruchirappalli.

*DIVISIONS(LOCAL):*The city is generally divided into three parts:

1.The Cantonment  area to the south, 2. The temples to the north and 3. The bazaar in the center of the city. *Most of Trichirapalli's hotels and government and post offices are situated in the cantonment while most of Trichirapalli's temples are located in the north.*The Rockfort and its temple are situated in the center of the city and surrounded by a bazaar.

REVENUE ADMIN.

DIVISIONS*a. Revenue Divisions 3 *b. Revenue Taluks 9 *c. Revenue Firkas 41 *d. Revenue Villages 507

a. Corporations 1 b. Municipalities 3 c. Panchayat Unions 14 d. Town Panchayats 17 e. Village Panchayats 408

LOCAL BODIES

*HISTORY:*Tiruchirapalli is home to many historic temples, monuments, churches and mosques. *Uraiyur (also pronounced as Oraiyur) which is the Old Tiruchy has a long tradition.* With over 2,500 years of known history, it was the capital of the early Cholas.* The oldest man made dam Kallanai - was built by Karaikala Cholan across the river CAUVERY about 10 miles from Uraiyur. *It was an important town in the days of the later Cholas, Nayaks as well as during the early days of the British East India Company.

*HISTORICAL AND IMPORTANT PLACES:

*1. Rockfort Temple*2. Jambukeswara Temple*3. Hazrath Nathervali*4. Samayapuram*5. Vayalore*6. Grand Anaicut or Kallanai Dam*7. St. Lourdu’s Church*8. Puliancholai*9. Mukkombu dam.

*PRESENT SCENARIO OF TRICHY: *In recent times, the northern part of the Trichy

experienced the emergence of numerous industries and residential areas as well.* Trichy city is surrounded by agrarian lands on all side which is always special for a place.* The island of Srirangam in Trichy district showcases many antique houses, which were built according to the shilpa sastras, the basic texts of Hindu architecture.* In the year 1974, a Local Planning Authority was established for the district of Trichy based on the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act of 1971.

*EDUCATIONAL ORGANISATIONS:*Considered an educational town, Tiruchirapalli has

schools and colleges that are hundreds of years old.* College Road in Chatram has three colleges and five schools.

*Prominent among the educational institutions in Tiruchirapalli are:

Bharathidasan University, Anna university, The National Institute of Technology(NIT), Trichy.

The Government Law College, Tiruchirapalli was founded in 1979.

NIT-TRICHY

St.Joseph collage

Anna university-T

*CONT.. Bharathidasan Institute of Management, a top-20 Indian

B-school is also located in Tiruchirapalli.

K.A.P.V. Medical College is located close to the Central Bus Stand.

SASTRA-Shanmuga Arts and Science Technological Academy is located in Trichy.

St Joseph's College :Indian President Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, writer Sujatha (Rengarajan) studied at St Joseph's College in Trichy.

National College: R.Venkataraman (former Indian President) studied at in

Trichy.

*CITATIONS:*www.trichyonline.in/city-guide/geography-of-tr

ichy*www.wikipedia.com.*http://www.ywamtrichy.org/*http://www.hellotrichy.in/*http://tiruchirappalli.nic.in/distprof.htm*http://www.tiruchicity.com/*http://www.bim.edu/index/about-trichy.

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*G.K. QUESTIONS:

FOUR CORNERS MONUMENT IS LOCATED IN WHICH COUNTRY?ANS: UNITED STATES